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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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+ {( t3 R0 d& ZProof: $ R, j& E" m7 V
Let n >1 be an integer
! F. ] j5 @& P, w3 f* GBasis: (n=2)
1 A6 L/ E E% Q3 _6 i" C 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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# p p* g! |; E; |* ^! P2 ~' rInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that7 B8 `% N6 {0 c* g+ \0 Y4 F3 N) z4 r
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.4 T" s' l+ X1 k* Q
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
5 u; _' b7 i0 c2 Usince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem' A0 a4 W& a m- s/ l
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)4 ~, u3 G2 R$ W; m9 }
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K- e/ H& E5 V! G$ l' J! D }6 [
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)2 t4 U3 _7 b {# V8 k
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 C0 ?5 @' o. I. V
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>08 d% y( m! X2 {1 Y, n+ }5 ~
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! W9 e6 c0 F% u4 t
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)# k9 @3 L# J: u" v
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3( V2 N/ |/ X& `6 T% ~4 a6 e4 o
6 X4 ~0 [3 s4 ?. Y% ]Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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