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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)7 f8 ]6 ^3 @' @$ t+ t
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Proof: ! ~" m! Q" G; m+ l& j' U
Let n >1 be an integer ; D' b3 W+ p ?; S4 y
Basis: (n=2)5 R7 h' @/ v6 o/ ^
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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+ A! b6 F9 F0 n e$ X& nInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
& P6 ?0 A, e) p+ Q& Z. y K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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' y/ g% V" B0 T7 ^- eNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 37 l0 Y4 `. b' b
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem: B6 @6 {# d# q3 P
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
* |$ x, h! @$ i& Y1 y( N: l = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K: W- X7 R0 R8 Y5 ` s& ^, `3 R: a
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
6 B5 G4 H( s/ p6 c' r; \- c = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 i9 a$ H6 C1 aby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
4 D3 m" X4 E# `# GSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- r, ]' I' f5 y3 `6 r7 Z
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)) n) g7 s7 [$ B* K- D7 _1 c
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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