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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)$ j$ C8 _( |3 J. }0 }
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Proof: + y( Q5 r8 R) ~+ o7 F
Let n >1 be an integer
/ I) O5 a, F! r* a- NBasis: (n=2)
- f- J) b+ Z0 p" B9 U1 P! d 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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7 p' {+ y& ^$ J. b; {/ hInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
% g; T1 @" U# j9 F2 i+ `% W K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 30 e4 v. U3 |; T" E7 E
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
3 p4 m4 f2 Y# b2 aThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
; F1 d( O* l9 M( X. h+ o = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K* R/ w) {5 ?* |6 z* P0 B; p
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, [: Y. g1 j4 |: h1 x = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 N7 e0 n) F7 d7 P8 N# E0 J. Fby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
" t& ]1 \6 M# Y9 i+ ^6 GSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K), h5 B- l: C. W& C3 p: s
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 d0 D" E, C6 O! D# O# d( {
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3" `1 U, U* U: }7 s- M
% j% H- m$ E mConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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; `- @# ^' k6 h9 O2 Q[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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