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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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5 z9 I; n( e4 ]* j5 o" X9 QProof: . D7 E7 z f" y7 ]
Let n >1 be an integer
; F, a5 z! ?* Y' o. n( B8 \' TBasis: (n=2)( w/ o4 s8 X( {2 t3 ?5 o, k
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
+ I4 c- c6 S; o) n& s v2 C/ V$ G8 [ R
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
! x* o% Y; r- n* E+ X2 u7 P$ O/ k( Z K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 37 P- |/ A, n# P8 G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
4 w+ Z- E: t5 c! ~3 s/ kThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
8 d( H8 j. ~! o6 m = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K/ _( O4 w( X& f% n' b, u5 Y
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)+ G4 i* g: t; V8 M# |
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ n, `4 a8 s4 _by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>02 n3 D) ]/ k2 ~$ H
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* \( r/ c$ g, L% K: y0 y, l, Y
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" R. B2 _! I: m3 s5 D% H = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 36 U0 B7 s' K u7 O/ r6 P4 S) I! [
/ ~) r Y4 l, J; Q: k0 Z
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.6 j1 \& @( s B
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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