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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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2 a& v& ?+ I+ O: k+ kProof:
5 z$ n, s- Q7 }# C$ [6 d+ g+ ?Let n >1 be an integer 4 w% T3 @) L! `6 Z- A
Basis: (n=2)
% V% Z" A) s1 z) f7 ~ R 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3' ~ Q$ @( K" n3 E* D
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that; D# E1 x+ x% Z5 L: ~6 v, f
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.9 o0 q p% \" ~" y7 g
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3! o) c" L1 x9 A- [: N$ O
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
8 G# `7 o7 a* T9 E* RThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
+ `8 s# a( O: Y = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K; _6 |% Z& ?! J# f! K7 p; M
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)+ c8 i: b% O4 G0 P. F+ [# A
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K), o3 Y" c9 w4 S% G
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0* C2 S2 P) C) {* r: r9 Y2 l
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: j: p8 h: D/ q% d# p4 W = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)3 ^4 @3 k9 c1 u0 T# x1 V. [
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: B7 V0 h' b: [
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.& }4 N: D& o- q
' a+ _2 H3 d ~9 C% Z8 o9 ~0 V4 d1 M[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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