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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)5 o9 E( o' w0 b" [/ Q; Y; X; G6 [
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Proof: : x/ X- E% G2 e% _) W% e9 Y
Let n >1 be an integer 6 |; a' x. e) v# W6 B5 N$ \+ [
Basis: (n=2)
8 d& p7 `( U( o/ U0 S S 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
. v9 [* x' N0 @9 z* Q% p1 o* A/ Y K^3 – K can by divided by 3.+ F: W" K7 C$ l2 o
" t, A- ?- M0 Y* X+ W hNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3% z9 U8 z2 w5 L% g4 @
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
% g8 t% T; U4 r2 Y1 }5 N. }Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)$ U) q D4 Q! g" Y$ |& b2 p
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
# N P5 e! l' h2 U+ Q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)0 C0 m* J' P4 T. d+ H
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) V# U2 s4 {4 i& T, d# `* u& z$ T; H2 L
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>05 W# R- L( o+ b" h
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 L# t+ f5 g+ z9 W- n! W/ n( Q = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)3 W5 n$ a+ B0 V, [$ ~7 d" c1 E
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 39 C9 v) G1 n/ Q6 w! T+ L
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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