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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
* y/ b! A: v# q+ H* K1 {: A9 wLet n >1 be an integer
( g( e* c4 T9 t" F" pBasis: (n=2)3 A' u! \! N3 C7 \1 |2 M7 O% Z9 R
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% j+ ^5 g* k- `+ o0 B$ z4 x- T
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
9 U* C' i; u3 v$ a- c/ [ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
* @9 f: I0 z/ {0 F" N) {since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
& C% i( U( l0 {1 S- d1 d2 t" Z7 zThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
" x9 j' p9 Y' {. L7 t = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K! i3 m O% @: d7 s/ x% w7 Y7 X1 B
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)4 P" x) E S i6 g- }
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 Z% T4 v( F: K! f) Q) h: }1 @by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
9 T5 R2 ]2 F; U/ w/ NSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- U5 H/ e* m9 ~- ~" f* k) D
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)- `4 V6 \0 A2 Y5 b0 B5 R' I
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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7 S! p9 S* M4 x' m( eConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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