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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
) V6 ?. [3 u7 E2 u7 A- T* eLet n >1 be an integer % i% d! A; b$ x( y) r- a% w# q
Basis: (n=2); c2 ]/ A" Z' ]$ B$ @
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3+ \0 K- O% a* S0 m9 s
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that0 F1 _# g$ q) u9 o0 g
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
$ t; | g* P7 h4 T ~7 Bsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
5 { N# l1 N9 ?5 g0 c, D1 y5 Y, eThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)0 b! O+ f1 e- C
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
3 E# h1 [% J3 j& D* @ U = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
4 Y" N. g" B/ x = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)% r& l @7 e' [. i
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>01 X$ |, U$ P! |6 b- ]8 q* e: O
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K) m7 Z& {; e' d
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, G, W9 I& U, } = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3- d+ h3 H( o/ F& @+ [
. E+ r4 P/ @9 Z. }! B7 s3 k
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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. J7 v0 {2 C+ z5 p: q[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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