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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)3 B) e. {1 `7 f; G2 M6 ~, E. r7 k
/ U& \- _" B5 O7 [- P9 DProof: * Y: i$ C; \. c/ q& i4 p a) V
Let n >1 be an integer
1 I; p. P& P$ EBasis: (n=2); D/ ~/ w: @! L) r
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3( F0 Z8 T9 w( ~7 o
% X8 |, w4 [5 b- x! }/ l- i3 `: BInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that2 z' Z9 x3 K# p3 K' N) c
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.# x5 b: G. N! ]; w& ~
9 ^5 ]# \: s' {) E) UNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 37 s5 s6 r( Q) _/ z, S( [9 ^
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
" u% K$ t3 S* x( }Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
) N) t3 \' p! \4 r' ? = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K/ {: N" N* ^( x0 M; ]2 |
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# W* q% W+ `6 T5 D0 s' P0 u- n! u = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)8 A O" ]; ?* _5 g
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
0 J( n- q6 m- ^: {So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% j% n* L* N% L D' o9 b% K9 k _ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 I8 ]9 |# U" x" L = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
0 r$ M* i1 Q3 e) z* N0 w
; w9 |- x. x& { ~, Q% lConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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