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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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* a4 P i4 w& w3 b: a# hProof:
# l1 v H7 ]: ]Let n >1 be an integer , V/ s; o% l$ U* i) c
Basis: (n=2)' { g+ q; X# Z% d! o
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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H1 p; a* y( h% @: I0 F% DInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
8 \1 t8 b; k( g4 b4 _ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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2 l$ M# ~5 W0 I5 ], @3 ANow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) \+ Y* x8 E% o% v/ l
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
0 |9 @& s; D# F3 mThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
e9 i! W7 J6 G% D = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
# l0 F* |3 f/ z% q9 k A( |1 ] = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
0 e* s& j6 h3 w& q1 V3 K- W = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# C2 d/ ~& s9 a8 n9 l" Rby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0, f2 I! ?5 D- z! L: w
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)6 A' f0 ~7 W) D6 n
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 h% ]1 ?. ?6 I* P; b$ d$ O = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3/ v2 u( E+ V5 ]1 B S
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.7 N$ L, P5 i* x' ?5 z1 ]8 O
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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