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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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0 Z* y# {- _+ DProof:
6 R6 s0 b9 |& e, m2 D( ~2 p1 s$ RLet n >1 be an integer
. A1 \0 c/ ], v- z) p8 [Basis: (n=2)4 Q0 ^" ]% v. B( V/ @
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3( S5 l4 [: a" K2 F; M- r1 p
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
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+ Q% ~5 y& e3 u, e' {! mNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 B! \1 g; D0 o0 |
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem- B' o: g5 [( j8 q; ]. y
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1); }6 k- G5 J; A" c
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
0 U- b9 z* |, I+ e = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
/ I2 p- s0 ~. b' ]2 v = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 O% k! l2 {$ N' a
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0: j* {! m0 {8 n* g5 i2 p
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) Q+ v# w! `, z) C! B: u = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)3 y5 P4 C8 y0 v9 f# S+ R: j+ J
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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) Z. i( V0 x( s+ c( ^' C9 a% aConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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