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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)/ R* K8 ]8 T- D+ @1 `; V- O
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Proof: & V5 r8 g3 F' g) N% r
Let n >1 be an integer 6 s* D; a2 v ~, B
Basis: (n=2)
9 M; {; U; F& W# V+ x7 ^ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
8 g" ]% S; V+ `# r$ c: k
8 m- l/ U: v! r% s! B' A4 l7 @6 s1 Z! ?Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
* h, p r$ B3 P/ p+ a. Q K^3 – K can by divided by 3.4 i# y" H+ f; g [
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
7 u( i( z- O6 h7 G5 Ysince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
0 A0 w0 R* ?/ k {# pThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)1 z& j- t% @/ D* I- i8 U- m
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K; j; {/ o. L$ x2 E) q4 A3 o
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)/ V" {3 Z- q/ Z. w: w( M! b
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( e4 O) l: A, @- P$ s
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
, r% k8 O5 D; y0 k- g& Y) F0 ?So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K): G; V2 |: z) [. ]& ?# m
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( b G& ^% c+ R
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3- Y4 T2 M$ h+ N+ V6 c1 a
! d' f" ] Q( F0 J! {Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.% B0 Y) F, d0 j0 x: H) j
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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