 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n): {( b5 E4 d7 t7 I8 C5 U
4 |. ]" V0 m7 Y4 `, `- x
Proof:
3 ?& M: s u; V- U4 t/ ]4 eLet n >1 be an integer
. z6 ?3 ~1 w4 Z. @( F% fBasis: (n=2)3 N0 }- X: d$ W+ s- W
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3# ]: W- A# E) a8 n1 t
% K) j F+ `: } V1 i8 f3 JInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
& c$ k# N Z: a8 L3 | K^3 – K can by divided by 3.' O* h+ t9 y# W! p- ~/ t. _* ~! d
& e N+ }. b7 r5 D T5 oNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
9 A1 X2 R0 k. e1 l" j+ hsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
4 S! f8 n5 D: W+ P# Q% wThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)7 Q6 q+ W/ j. ^! o1 E: }4 C8 w
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K5 A0 ?5 @( X4 H- ~1 l N
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, O z/ P7 |0 |- I; @ K" @9 ` = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ @, `( ^0 t8 f: x9 [by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>03 s. }: |$ C& x5 t( U& f" c! }& S
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)" S. {$ | ?' w' x8 i
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
! m H) O# p$ H: ]( Q% {/ M = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3, b# n# c5 J) G5 `0 N
/ |& X+ t/ z) F! t% s
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
9 ]( H+ V& T+ |3 h+ h# b$ I" N5 i7 ~" M% r/ Q2 P' y* E$ f
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|