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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n). f. t# O5 B" A4 ]
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Proof:
% C. v5 I" t( h5 nLet n >1 be an integer
- F# A- `+ c# Q$ t JBasis: (n=2)/ H' H* D3 O9 O4 w6 M2 S$ [
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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! G/ n7 z3 z0 U5 ]& g: ^Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
: Z+ }: Z; Q. K2 \9 [5 i K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
) Q6 v7 w5 Z7 ~& r7 Y; M. _' Lsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
# H6 E x( x6 N/ @ uThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)/ x" [5 b; T0 [7 Y! {, ?# L2 t
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
: x* o. e$ ?6 |2 b& E. O% Y n = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
9 b: ^- V$ r1 Q3 h; }8 T = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ Z* u8 `; y, Z4 Q1 Nby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>04 F* } T9 V+ U
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 R4 i7 A; p" Q! P& w) w+ L1 S = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K), W4 }0 C2 F2 B' E$ {4 ~7 f
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 39 V5 J8 u" W- e# F& r+ h
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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