 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)0 T' c! R4 ^0 J) I5 k
* c; x9 }- k& xProof: " K& k8 T% f) \6 p2 O
Let n >1 be an integer 1 c; C# T5 Y/ Z6 y: a
Basis: (n=2)
5 f6 l* R+ e$ N5 W& b6 m 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% s7 c) x7 a; t5 {0 L8 n
# l5 ^; N$ h. R8 L, p9 WInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
+ `3 u: r+ R6 Q+ V5 P( y K^3 – K can by divided by 3.4 }) W+ u. A1 Q' G% g) |
6 J/ q% }4 b- f' z( F, i4 z# B! GNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
- }# h2 G) z* ~; Esince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
1 p: n$ u& } A) ^Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
( }- Q# P& I+ {& `! I( n = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 p4 \* B% |) y' w6 K1 A a4 q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
4 ?0 P' k- m( I- F = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- p4 [$ t" G. w$ H- P, {' G3 h+ c
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0$ H% @/ R/ o4 v K% h
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 F( ?/ g. L( R+ @% J5 X8 ?9 c
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 n8 ^8 P, F2 S = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: {/ v5 K. X4 K
' r7 Z4 z8 ^- q1 D" ~9 FConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.6 Y' d# F! o- T+ O
$ a& e/ N- \% U! |4 ?: r* P[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|