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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: ) h7 E7 U- q* q# `: k( p$ }
Let n >1 be an integer
* G5 R/ Z# B6 k& Z/ H( a! |4 }Basis: (n=2)
5 E1 _- t5 Y- ^ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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* ~( S3 a/ I( q/ [$ }% ` uInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
' D0 D8 s4 m: E K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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9 j5 A# T4 A5 j9 p5 PNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 39 i8 U( t+ W, R- d+ b, n
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
) i8 o/ R' W$ C; m% FThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
( Q9 v+ i8 y' I = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K" I* V7 [8 C6 Y5 U
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
1 D9 |1 `: ^0 U$ K = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ Q: E5 U* m1 w0 v; i/ @
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0* O$ W8 }3 A O$ F* f1 Y+ [, B8 O
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- z; F$ Z; a: M = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)# W9 P' \) a* q+ ~$ Q
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3) `( ?0 c* D% b& o
& r; E; y2 G. C/ o6 t; HConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( H. _/ t3 W/ t+ ~5 N7 _
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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