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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: 3 o3 \' f1 c; y
Let n >1 be an integer " \4 k3 \' L" q) E8 }/ X/ q
Basis: (n=2)
: \) ?* a5 m+ H5 K. U0 ?2 j 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3) q2 o* l; B& w/ i, W+ ^5 _) K- O
& B8 I% [; E3 t* S8 T" tInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that8 X: m! e5 G1 o& F
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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9 `8 |8 Q: U9 Y7 R+ oNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3: `! T) N( s) |/ h0 k& G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem( k# b8 B8 l$ K
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
. Z9 [4 s! R! N' } = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K# y0 s' s: X# r( `1 q
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K) ?! O. m9 V, w% b
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* T9 Y- P3 @5 U0 L
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
1 d" N4 u* j, _$ j* e4 V) SSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 m' q2 @$ R3 \. I5 I
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. j) c+ G2 B% l A+ ]3 d9 A = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.; H* w% d& ]* \( Y% F o) @
1 f1 ~. M. z% W$ N& K, f& J. D[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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