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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
/ D$ {8 J$ l$ Y# {Let n >1 be an integer
/ D5 q/ I; S6 w5 C! Z7 {Basis: (n=2)9 `) V# Y# q* p7 E# {
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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# K/ V2 @* }9 A' A0 [+ QInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that1 G9 Y; ?# T/ y2 |/ H8 L
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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) X# K- L& c L' `( XNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3. c, R: A( V3 d3 f, h! n" K: c
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
* N9 Q6 w: N8 k) e# i6 Q$ YThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 C( O; M3 K) D& M* B }: K
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
/ g+ e: d2 U: w U0 [, i) A = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)9 i2 M f+ b& C7 `) [5 D
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( O, x% g6 S3 c) A# {- h; O
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0) F0 i# y' h5 n9 K
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# x2 s8 }6 J' i, h1 j6 |$ ^+ m" C
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( H( m' v4 D% T: Z
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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. V& k& @8 Z- I3 i& r, g# m[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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