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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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6 q5 Q5 M: l: [7 `9 a- Q/ DProof:
+ A4 n4 V% `! Q" j; KLet n >1 be an integer
1 o, |5 h# I, p) }2 ?Basis: (n=2)3 v+ a; O! C. j- \. V. r7 l. f
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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# P' W4 ^. Y: @Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that! s/ {9 b) c+ A$ a
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.0 f; B$ q \; y9 c% K5 B
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3+ }5 |* m+ B' a2 z
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem9 h) {2 N; ?1 w w/ n
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1): O: @ f+ f" u! K& d4 Z
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
5 Q4 Z# \% h* |4 ?1 b# \* S5 k# y = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
& R3 l2 K' c1 K* g2 Z+ A = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 K" i' }/ E4 U/ N
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
6 x1 N( v2 U& m8 u. i+ oSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ F7 }1 v! _& i1 g' W = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- i) K v8 q% E = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3; P" b" i; _2 H0 t1 h3 u3 ^; U' g+ U
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( X& H1 {. h0 @ g, s% V
' e+ ]* H; {& [- h9 K[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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