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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)9 \! G; k3 o0 |
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Proof: : s# F) D4 ?, y; [' ~
Let n >1 be an integer I1 g3 ]* Y" c$ r
Basis: (n=2)' X$ c g: p Z0 }3 R
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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3 ~. W) L; \: Z# i+ H. WInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
! U1 \* ^% I( t, V* o V q K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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$ G$ D d* Q2 e- |Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
" ^& A+ M, Q) t2 G* nsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
: ], k, f! F9 t V2 D9 DThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)9 l& m: k& ~, Y, V3 R4 O4 o, p. P
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
" R1 o. c. k; A" ~( K = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
) ?: ~3 Q- j$ r' i = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* V* v( a, F9 {. {
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
y0 ^6 n! \8 L+ ASo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% [9 p+ `- B. q% P4 s* r1 d = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)! r2 Z& x' ^, U$ |/ q
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.. c% e. |) K5 y8 b
; y# v; Q& {- J8 Q% h" l[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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