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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)1 b$ W3 G* j( E/ D
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Proof: 3 }" C, Q8 [& [, O: ?% L
Let n >1 be an integer
+ p, j5 ]/ @ ^- S$ ?& KBasis: (n=2)
7 B; a Y9 t' `) W( W 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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9 L) H7 H% T2 e7 M/ QInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that0 b) h. e5 H) M. B
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 34 D p O/ u2 `: w, J
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem/ K2 M0 y7 g8 _! o5 H
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
/ i8 f3 o; J) G) k& f( g4 t7 Q = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K, C7 [; z9 F% m& L: M4 G2 a1 S
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)- D. X# q' L. G% d
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! s/ n# B2 e& S. C( @4 T
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
' ~* }/ P( D7 h# BSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# q. [- w0 s# B' b = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* f/ d; x1 R/ w
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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7 U( o+ G' s, B. i+ xConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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