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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
0 M0 r$ t* } _' U: V6 tLet n >1 be an integer ! d5 l/ \' D* c- \
Basis: (n=2)
2 D; M# ~( M) E8 Z& \5 x( U 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
6 U& `+ O f2 I t. w3 `" ^ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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7 _' s) }" x' GNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 Z' c6 n: q- v% R' u
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
w$ M) j* f, u% _Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)% x4 C* }2 G+ w! h5 U$ @3 I1 L/ _
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
; [7 `6 k9 A% E: L0 ? = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
% J2 t' Y! H D6 f- p2 h = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 T- c7 s6 t5 l: N
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0$ m* ~) H( v3 B' f
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K); T' [6 i( K T7 F
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 O b) p4 ?7 L! I+ `3 ^( ?5 x
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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- B0 p& a9 q9 x- N( {; o& c: S[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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