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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)9 q% Z$ a; a1 P1 n& `
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Proof:
6 C2 r/ T% _( A/ Y2 D( zLet n >1 be an integer
$ z# A: d# U Z% H/ a9 c1 Q9 D! U0 {Basis: (n=2)1 I+ t# t) P) L! Y$ \
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3: O# e. K: r9 |& \' z$ e" j
& y1 \" t$ v9 N0 S3 a0 X2 ?
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
- `, W# e& i1 T+ C3 z K^3 – K can by divided by 3.2 z! P. t5 q/ l, s& x/ K
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- a, V6 R$ w& \/ ^
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
0 S, H( }1 g( DThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)6 z, i7 N. _8 @0 z7 _
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
. _ `0 p' d* o U = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
3 Q% x4 X% h8 R0 ]; s0 K9 O = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K); v4 D+ k8 H' _
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
! p3 J. Z, m! a2 RSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 |* ^9 n# c2 X6 L& _2 L$ n- Q
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)2 q# c& r/ _+ X, E$ M
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 34 S' P! {/ g2 H3 Z; z
/ ? |: g( y1 M0 g+ @1 D) }
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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8 X6 @% T( M9 @/ Z6 L[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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