 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
5 a4 t+ s; q, U5 w$ R# ~Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: I1 q6 U- J4 U( T" _$ Y
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
1 ?* K0 Y& k5 n5 i8 T6 m( hand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 I5 x1 |* m; `) B% W3 N(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- S$ T: o) q% y: V
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).! r. N, A4 g1 l8 [
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 `2 f& z, T$ \; I2 U
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
5 F" \" r) T& J. I! t: I; n3 b(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving% d3 E; E, g3 E: q
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
# d9 n$ b7 [) Z1 f. p8 E4 zpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 w- m. J- m* f6 y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 x1 g# Z: r# m% q) n% R0 _
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
+ N/ K! d( g+ |; ?semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; }# f- q% C7 b3 B0 V% k( dend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
* ?5 s+ O5 D; t- v/ N: Ecompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ v8 F/ g# @" C8 U1 Sthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
* u, c" I# \* W; x" r8 @7 V `8 I( [ `4 k4 O2 a
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)0 Y8 h( i( o. o# A2 {+ _, L/ J4 `
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
