 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The2 [) t; i) j5 d/ V
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 g" g) E/ L5 J" s G) I8 O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
, I; ]# y* f0 X( j: Aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" g5 T4 I x# S4 {; }, |(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 x# G- k$ x1 s: [1 Tretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 w j/ I- p' T; [" z7 wA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% W) l& Q3 a9 W# E! ~+ V
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- r! h( {# y9 P4 ?' y' e
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 @. U6 l- B$ v" |* c4 r p g7 i
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on" |% @! x/ C& U a0 g
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
! m( x& }/ j/ @' t5 ?6 c(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two7 C; ^0 \% \3 d# b( X
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 \' b, J7 n8 ksemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
' d [7 g5 S3 {" E" Z" vend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In. ~ o0 a( S5 ] R5 W8 Z0 r
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# J0 R, J6 l% e5 Y1 y5 Z, `: b& |7 ~the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..! h9 A0 M* n# j1 K' j9 r
4 N+ A# C, l. {7 k6 e(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ T5 n' g. j* q9 ]! d
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
