 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 Y0 U2 }7 q+ ~9 }$ A
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the9 o+ u6 V0 W3 ^1 Q9 O- L
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,9 m) g/ W) O. X; V
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
2 }4 f8 N, W& } i$ Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ i/ {3 c, a Oretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# Y0 F5 b" a% s# @2 F8 \' Y& x1 c
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
; V; P1 ]: [# v, n. ~+ p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
# O. ]7 D* ^9 L: X- e* O+ E(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving2 q# ~( f7 e1 R- F' p
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
- @6 o3 a% [% N5 p; epossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset5 z$ R9 i- P1 r
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 i0 L3 x$ n0 w1 o3 y: Q! F) Q; D! Bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a# s: J: s3 P$ n" P! P/ Z; i
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
1 G: @/ K2 \8 w8 u6 lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) z$ P. P! Y r" R0 q
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) x9 b4 h, _! \+ O& g5 ~8 q8 m
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) T! i2 g" K, i/ z! X; p
- X1 t4 k: y* a0 i
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% C# M8 X# f& ?and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
