 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- N" v0 t+ n+ |( f; X# z, t& RInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) z2 D: l' o, {1 @
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) O( P" r9 ~# Y3 v' Oand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
5 M0 }8 p' N# f( J(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 {+ X1 u9 V5 W0 a/ H1 w9 D, `- ^5 bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
4 E) D2 Z/ j F5 g9 h( z% ^A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! X2 W9 v. L# T+ S e. ^- Q2 E0 ~
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 }# z& b; D* L% p9 S/ Y. H9 ?
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: ]) D0 Z1 ` n( S8 [4 ~; z2 E
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
% N9 n& a- o* spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 R' A# S+ x: i- H E) z
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two9 i2 z- W( a1 _% G+ x
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a# p2 r3 [3 t6 u8 v4 o
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
+ d7 e, s$ K# R' x: ]5 Jend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; K5 v6 H! i4 e3 gcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,0 l4 A: A1 M2 y7 U" R
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 l" e2 L0 l+ m- B2 O' d# Q
' s. o$ r/ Q0 d2 p8 E( y; [0 h' j
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)7 O3 d5 o f. X9 h' A& ^( f' N$ ?: w
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
