 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 p' L3 u$ ~4 c' O; \/ \) z3 YInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 u: a7 k% w E% P& Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,% J1 _( A" N8 r% g: K2 t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 H; n4 D# o; K0 ^2 e(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" P$ j, g) ~, n
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ q2 H7 N: {; Z# B3 V2 xA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 h/ ~ h0 B, Y, K& i" D# R* Q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 j1 o; F7 {, i. P m(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 \3 {+ }3 U9 D3 r
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ n( D: |; m7 P& e9 G- \
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' w$ e6 X# E8 h4 A( H& U" b) t(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) d/ @6 Q+ u- R- p, p0 I. Bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 ^2 v0 A: N$ s8 }2 |( usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 J. o* Q2 I8 h+ `4 Send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
- ^ ~) G2 P/ u: mcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" L" N! l& g) gthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..% d2 Q3 |5 W6 D' h5 K) K
( @; e7 o! R& J; v1 j(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" a% m& f5 o `; }5 I& ?and American speakers of English, |
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