 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
' g+ H* r2 t+ X# b( ]# o% kInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- P/ h& w1 i: c" V3 msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ L$ f$ D6 [3 h3 K! h& o- cand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) l( j" e- d% w, m# ]
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
+ \. z) J+ ^; Z7 o( n# r$ l5 Lretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
- U, n: j) T) JA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ v0 n# k0 U, O
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 D: @3 ?6 H% ?4 J! k7 Z: S
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: D \. ~, W1 @7 `
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
i: `! \. f7 v: q. @# k, K& r% ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset3 z' n' B+ n( q$ v1 Z; p! R
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: S' Q _8 F9 ?- @& M; w5 E
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
5 f" q, t" q/ I0 `, {semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.' Q6 ]. Q2 s- \5 M1 _
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 g' |* P% g- S& i3 m
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,6 I: p1 f& L1 Q7 W
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
; `: O1 C4 T" P; S% i; u9 D& j; X$ J
; d: Z m9 y! e( B+ p6 G(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
' P$ [' E2 h% pand American speakers of English, |
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