 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! _& J9 M$ x+ w5 |( v* l# v
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the3 _; E1 K, ~3 d! y0 B
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,7 M I- r. R" a; \
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 h6 |$ k6 I' C9 W, S! ^: @
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 c* V! {( f$ ?4 _
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
- k' [# l: T) p x/ g, RA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=/ S$ h& O8 o [$ ]9 a: I n9 Q1 S
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 t) F* b. `6 V! q# T$ o( L: O' @(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: u7 ]9 ^, h* W% M; N3 Bretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! e* C I" o3 e/ P5 s; vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset9 U( i% j) |6 ?/ e: Y* X9 W5 D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& I4 q. {+ H% j( J, b/ A
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a( o0 [% G1 k% }" F* R& N' v
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: _, Y/ H* w6 [ j8 ?6 Y$ \) o$ F
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% U: ^. o6 u; v$ }2 G5 qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,; \6 s; u6 K1 ?0 ?
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# C* Y, g5 ^) O: H4 b O! f5 ^1 q4 U8 E- }3 g; k* J8 S! w
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
a1 a2 _) V; E Y# n+ Qand American speakers of English, |
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