 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! Z; w: c* F7 a! r1 ~; g- v& {
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the, j& {) V! Z6 c0 |0 L: }: g$ O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ t$ f, x) ^' J/ z- dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial1 v- c: P' b$ O: f: j7 a5 Z3 k9 G
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of6 ^1 ^; c4 F+ `0 G0 D" Z0 s5 `
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). I& m5 R. Z! ^0 S4 @
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 I- g6 p) d w5 w7 o2 S
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 R: W3 ?0 V6 X4 y; M. B(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: @) o9 h8 D4 ?retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! p/ J( V g2 s$ Q/ ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. K5 E% d8 N# S' ?8 W(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
% D; f5 B* x$ K. k# d' ]8 Gsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a$ L a+ Y8 Z0 c' H' O
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# y2 q; S5 Z& p( y6 p2 O9 Y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In5 `6 o8 `/ r! N' @, p% ?2 G: d
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,7 ]& }+ S. r$ x; h( J0 o2 _# S
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 K" P0 }2 m* L6 d+ v
, W2 I8 M0 a3 x(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% @- ~1 D7 o6 x1 Y' W
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
