 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; r% p9 e. O8 l8 b( r5 S) Z
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" w1 l1 f1 _1 }syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
k+ G! ^) @6 E: b, Cand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial7 P9 l" Q0 H6 K4 G W
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of' O9 W8 f9 L: P+ k \6 Y
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 C. g Y6 a2 S7 JA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
. {% `# p" ^; [& }( r! Z" ][y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]4 n$ u/ X7 S; F" `: f g
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! Y }0 v* J) i. s
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
8 V3 s' s2 y9 ?! j- N( A* rpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 V, o4 b* T+ j& @6 X% k9 \(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! Q: i5 X: E" X& @; @6 i4 Dsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
' k8 o/ V2 q% T' b/ y% }semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.! P$ u. [8 b2 R- ?! g" h- D
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In7 {$ A: n- d$ R4 S( C, D. o. S
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 \: @6 ]+ {0 x3 u; b. athe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
5 f3 E. B3 w" t) |
% b: [( Z; `6 j( n(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& O& p4 ^4 y8 A4 nand American speakers of English, |
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