 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
+ a9 L4 g, N8 }: g4 l8 w2 VInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
. z) E6 _0 }" msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,! T! }. U2 P: r O9 O2 l0 u
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 B4 ]) |- Y+ a5 g- M& e; e(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& t$ J+ X: V; Q7 a- F
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 x# F$ A- }- ]4 n# q" BA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=' e- M' e7 ^ K" u1 m3 x2 C9 B+ D7 K
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 P- Q4 P. `, f! G' P8 r(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. ~# M" s* j4 p3 @# jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on L+ ^ b, }" V: s( u2 p
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 j9 }* O, u# g( X- d(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
, F9 f' o& Z osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 \4 u: u& t+ }) \7 n( R( @
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
- K8 V7 @ j: l2 o9 Mend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" c, L' K0 t0 o! t' ecompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,1 `. U0 r$ `; I5 V
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 U, m# U5 g8 i1 L1 n
& i @1 w1 N! N4 X(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)3 s5 \4 P7 K2 x5 h, q& ?
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
