 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! S( Q6 `. T% {$ Q* [
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the {1 {$ f5 C8 ^5 {9 u) l/ Z2 w
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 E, V, m+ o/ W
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
& K: N( c8 l8 J; K+ t(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: O8 e; v' ^5 V0 l$ ^1 M2 _5 Xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)." [. |$ s, g, M: C' }6 Z- `
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
. U* E- @, [, H% v R4 E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 H- i; l2 Z0 z# T% N
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
" i, b) X2 B3 z6 T5 F9 t$ iretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
- m/ ^! b" T! B* |2 ~" U" B. Vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset6 C0 [# v. n1 ~: ~5 i) ^$ g! \
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 \+ f+ {! D2 s- z# q8 usegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a) h% c! W+ q% e6 B$ J: F* p( ?! h
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.. O. @4 \' M# e
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
0 \6 y8 g2 e- U1 pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
n& e& R+ z% Y2 q4 ^; M# C* Jthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 N4 A+ f+ k4 C" j' } h, H" e n. k
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* j6 C5 I( m6 {' N1 s- dand American speakers of English, |
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