 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, O l* ^& T( ]0 j( s$ `# H
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 x0 l( `) S& z( I9 J1 {+ ysyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
/ d1 }0 v- H- R% tand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial0 U0 H# S2 U- f7 v. d) F2 Y
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" f$ k2 n" e4 }- J( j S, t- a1 r
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).! |& X, h& b0 n- M1 u$ \7 b1 U' ~
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, ~ }+ c# Z Y& Q' a y
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
" v! v) N' H% B8 j. J(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
; O) \2 p) v: nretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ Q$ [7 V5 H, w0 e
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' P" ~* P$ ~, n) y* g& v: C- Z' s(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 y9 [( a; W$ k6 vsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 @- y9 m" H% A L; Q) \& U0 [7 Hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.7 C+ @' }0 j. O/ }# _# M' h
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
2 g% O# g1 z" {+ b ^0 Jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ M$ h0 [0 V' _. c
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ |. ~# [" U, r: c3 ?
! O% y& k1 q2 e5 H" ]; h$ i(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ e+ S8 b8 q$ @; W, F' xand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
