 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, l' p( r, j8 l" y# `+ M; V
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 Y! X# E* C2 f( ~# b4 [syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# N6 L3 P4 v, c% G% ]0 jand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial- Y4 U1 b: W7 o8 a
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
' g. `9 |6 \8 q# j5 U; _! gretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 b( M9 G' a6 v8 m& HA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=9 n$ \9 p' _* n/ f1 x6 T
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! M' m1 L1 t+ @ S$ W. o6 D(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving% T1 A$ {/ P2 ?: E" a
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' {7 l' j. a" xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset0 |; `8 Q: G! Q1 U2 ]6 M9 `, c
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# g: U+ P- Q; d* F
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 i, j4 I) U4 ysemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
* n. g1 d+ d' w3 Q9 \6 iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 n G/ S1 ~2 |) k2 Mcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ ]! G3 u% W6 M; W
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' ?$ H7 A& l, ^( N8 V% ^2 t( i) {9 }" N3 i6 V/ M! Z
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" J8 s: y" c. f) sand American speakers of English, |
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