 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ Z$ F" e' h! c5 i8 r& \6 T: ]" q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
2 A9 V9 m9 X+ _ c" b( r4 r1 k2 Qsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, u/ ]7 \1 t$ v, {2 U/ s
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial9 J: A. k9 F; X# ]. ^; Y' C7 d
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. M# B3 B9 D) f2 l# O# Y7 m+ x& a
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 M+ z: d0 g" t2 M9 F7 J% R' P
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 z0 c5 D3 y( j) N' r[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- h) j7 O8 f2 o5 ^(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' }& L7 r, R" x/ K; w2 h o
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 Q# o1 ~0 e4 l! Z
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset: y# J: @2 y2 [ s
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two3 U) n; w: o6 Y1 y
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' A4 X6 s& h m: f6 b7 [+ W1 Z3 A E
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.2 c' ~8 e7 u- X$ k& f! B. I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In" m/ U$ v9 k/ @) i" u; ?
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
3 [9 E6 Q5 |+ N, V- q6 E4 Q5 s) Lthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..- z D9 x6 K: W; B3 m! c9 B
/ u) c/ S" O5 J" D- j(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ ?2 D3 Y; _8 r) t4 ?( Qand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
