 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 E% R/ {0 K0 Q2 p; v' Y% R
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& g0 e: {1 A. \ w6 j- @
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 m9 d. H, M) i# ]( Y1 h1 x
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) X" o, s/ }" |( Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of/ R! ?/ X) G$ u7 u
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
9 K2 Q# ?1 `& B. u4 a$ J7 CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=. ^* L5 `5 F6 w; s: g6 O! L8 b
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
$ W8 m2 n" N+ z6 Y7 j x$ T m(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& M3 s- U4 }3 k/ z |
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
d/ h- K4 |& M- { `7 ]# e' Ipossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset) Z% n( b$ s$ Y$ D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& b/ f" R4 N* D- J( _ |+ ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
" W1 _: l9 R; L: R1 l/ C1 [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( h$ M, v# x* x2 r6 Z
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 w) d2 b3 d" F
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
/ v' B" U, c% |) G* r4 Rthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 } d" t' b7 O$ f+ r' c# R7 c: F* M) |( f; N7 e/ E
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% {) {) h& A6 v* G
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
