 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The7 I1 ]! d9 S+ K+ H- [
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the5 u: x/ F- ^( U
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# \8 w% x7 D; _ h+ Fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 o0 g8 D! i; j/ K(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of) R3 x, M @- s* h! N
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).* D2 k+ Y& v, h- z& u
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=( x" y4 |8 Q5 x" X8 J
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
) T0 d% W0 C4 w(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! V/ f% S2 ?! A
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 |. }' L( ~2 j) t; S, t8 M# @! X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. s, j. b) P5 U, I( ?; M- y6 D5 i$ l(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 U0 L/ W6 i- ~* ]7 \- u* N; ^segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
4 h! {5 M+ y7 \- h) ?( Ysemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.) m# {- r+ O$ @1 o
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
) b1 e% f' x8 c* U Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,5 U* n0 N0 l: J1 v L9 w. R
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
6 } D0 e2 h1 b) x
) c% J7 [/ i9 u6 K(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* v/ K4 N2 x# ]. Vand American speakers of English, |
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