 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
) @: L" s% i$ g9 GInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
! O; |' e3 ?7 D: t: lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, _7 L' [- B, b% O' |/ R9 f
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial9 Z7 j2 Q0 I; \) n! z8 U' N
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 Z3 y, s/ {4 w
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 v6 K) o6 @9 S' K4 L2 ]1 a
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=( E. n; v- V& ^, Z& Z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; O1 |0 Y$ a. G! N: ^( E$ f( I8 j5 V6 z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 O4 S+ k( [3 x1 O' h2 Y
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ v( I2 d! V7 y/ `0 [7 s; o( l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset: W: N3 S% w7 r2 b0 g
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 ^: a5 r6 b9 u
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
8 |9 f! f% m! U0 i5 p* \- w& v& Asemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 r; [# F9 g* p! i* K) p
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; H7 ^' A) @) j1 m- `! P/ [compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
- C1 `; s0 O5 o, L( U! ~. Pthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: }% U" N% |: j# o- x. X
7 d% Z6 z% h% o9 N4 m! q( m(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): [# N- \% v4 Q1 z. H
and American speakers of English, |
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