 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ j' {- Y2 q9 }1 |
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
& l j2 G" L. H. R" ksyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,% M" P v4 j5 ^" n c0 x5 n( T
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
5 }0 ?0 p6 W, N6 h, o4 s) t# [(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# G1 n4 A3 i& y2 a% Mretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). l* P; |' E+ ]
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
" y0 i) W0 P: P1 Q2 u7 z; f. x[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]9 g" a0 L- J2 E! z' \. }/ q
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 k+ D) A2 {$ }; D) _retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
4 s8 v) D% R) ^2 @2 u$ J0 o% }possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset0 y" V/ Q( M }0 n3 r
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 j0 ?2 ]+ T2 q) U5 z8 D
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( X/ V+ \4 Q ]) @: g ^- b( v. `semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 U3 {) x5 L# K; Y% o7 {0 Mend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ Z: V6 \2 N# H& G, k6 p0 S
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
X; w2 K" @1 U1 z" O& m7 \the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
& \ L( A# H( W l; c% [- R) ^$ G1 f8 S5 Q1 G
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- u/ R$ @! d$ M7 y7 h
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
