 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- o; I! O$ q; M5 T6 ~* FInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 m/ s) \6 m5 V
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( d5 E' h+ R& Z2 f7 H9 w; R0 y* @! R y; F
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
2 c( L2 x7 I8 u2 h! f) z1 g1 c. _(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of* i* Q- a0 P/ S, E0 d! ~7 D/ N
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
$ Z2 k" {6 i, O! t1 r/ w. L+ D8 ZA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
( i! a u3 y7 J) ~5 F: n& E" a[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 {8 V* y/ F: |. o6 j% [: s: c! M. A
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving$ R9 m# t& I, |1 M. T7 x
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. H; X4 g5 A3 [6 _0 hpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& v4 z; M/ F: k8 F: ](Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
6 n3 v4 r: ?& w0 ^8 g. Wsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, {) u8 X; q3 o, t% M1 c1 Y+ L
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.' d8 a7 Z9 J, ]7 P
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" W! ^6 [ f' Ycompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,( y% k5 U4 S6 v2 D9 o
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 D/ R2 o( x6 D6 @9 R* p s+ X
$ g( T$ K7 E0 y3 J+ G5 _
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
s9 K% a3 q# Q( ~1 l+ ^8 Q) pand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
