 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( i/ k( @( u" X. u* o% r% m
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the6 a9 l/ u0 E- T' r: ]2 _5 q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,3 R& F! o0 o H$ w% j; T
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ }: B& s; j& |4 x
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, t# z% c( o3 y2 F2 P
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).. \2 ^& ~% B7 A2 Z! L' @
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
! d: V/ G! n# n, o- y U[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 |3 J- @; g0 l0 S- `& s3 E% J" h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! P X0 h0 ~3 F- |retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on, L. `$ i2 W7 X& A2 k
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset3 F, \( z0 G, @6 @7 |9 G
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 h4 h7 E y2 U Ksegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 Q2 q5 [ a$ w ~; ]. z6 r
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
6 J: I- ?# S* S8 U5 I- Nend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In( ~' o3 A3 b2 }! Z
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ u& r* ?$ @9 E. |" T2 }
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* p- I6 s X j6 J- _) [
" m" d _0 g/ J+ L
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)4 H. ^/ U1 Z' F- v
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
