 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! {! m, v4 A1 q/ d0 uInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" T: k( K) _2 m6 t
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 |) y; x4 w" W! qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 W: w' ~( i/ D. e(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of: l9 Q0 ^1 f* r4 j( N5 I
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
9 J; ~) f5 A& lA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=9 n% |7 x2 [2 ?6 z; K" v, `( Q4 _3 e
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 r5 g9 @! m3 g9 g; i* H6 ^* M2 }/ E
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving) U7 p1 |! T, I4 B6 `" A# }
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) b% k: D2 r4 J! |7 cpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset" y& R" @; N+ A
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( H3 L% ~/ G# m8 O$ w% Q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a4 J$ J S+ \: g3 u# Z
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ U. r7 p; }1 ]
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
' m a/ J3 G5 H8 scompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 x; I& Q" F' h+ {* Ithe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.." T. |0 ]$ G& ? v- {! G
5 f! ~4 C% V; e; S5 v(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 s, I) F; v) Y8 A% gand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
