 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
; T: x0 r* }( E: eInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- z* t& B' j; H/ f8 f8 K8 p+ Fsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
4 w8 t- p' ?$ A( Z/ w8 G5 ?and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 }/ g( i& _9 B5 J' E(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of* i2 ?1 L3 k9 i6 V
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 {1 D4 \) ]0 iA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 M% n# ]8 Q- ^4 D
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 t$ z( A. ^, ^, R8 F
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 ~" q' O- L# U/ gretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
8 X9 ~! `& N0 c/ A* a9 j/ vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% v6 s$ t" W" s(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two f2 ^; \% l1 W _" z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( {6 n/ e; i- |+ Q5 E4 Usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 q/ i. q, A5 U+ a& ]2 E# a8 Aend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 M/ z8 n" N- N. x' scompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" Z6 C! o9 o4 u0 [9 e8 r" tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' U" |$ G7 b! }/ S! {/ L' v2 K& N
3 D* F8 K2 ?% r' H(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" g4 O( Q/ c/ |9 f$ r. wand American speakers of English, |
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