 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# Q5 x( ]/ Y$ @Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 W1 e! C* }. x _syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( t) n. I- e0 y. [: `! y2 I
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial* f+ Q5 o; R) _
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 p# [2 ^" ^$ N, M4 @) E9 W0 v1 j
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ x+ }& d' ?& x! X
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 a% G3 r' D- s, V& N( g: Z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& |5 b8 J4 w- H. P% O( f4 _(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 d n7 l" Y( a# v: n- m
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' z8 L7 C: a$ r, \; n
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# P. t4 V- Y9 D$ o I* b
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
4 w f3 C# u6 ?# Z9 X$ }segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- a/ x3 O2 `1 \7 a
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.3 p$ K, e$ i, @2 ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In- }% E( [% J: }2 {# R
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: ~. A: o/ E% ~4 q- \the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 J- B$ I/ U$ |+ I$ z
. | u. g5 E1 p2 P6 E. ^
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
O) k! p2 _4 ?9 n9 B& Eand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
