 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, W' F# P' q5 j/ d H8 _
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 S1 q \8 J# s& [, i5 v3 q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,; E+ g1 G$ D9 y! N. [' a* k
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
, D5 l1 R/ X0 ~% F(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
* }0 c8 C* u( v" q- W% vretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).5 L( L, H9 @4 k% j6 S/ }
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- O+ P/ c# @& }4 l
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& l b, o/ D4 l) \. Q4 O& q(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 g- H: p# E' G( B8 h/ V. T5 J+ Hretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on* P; H. c z [; ?' ?- H
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" ^/ e. l) ]. k, k9 H. f- E(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two' s: X, C; Y1 d8 i1 N \7 ]3 F
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a9 J) N* |; @9 h* D9 R0 T0 L3 z
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.9 s8 t, R% Q+ R7 b5 s# `( L% S
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% g! e$ z( }) B% U- h4 c- v2 Pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: \/ f, Q, C' tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: n1 K" P) O" m9 e5 y5 }* i% R, w8 Q8 D3 y/ h6 o! w! u
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)4 }) j# R. A2 O& z" I) q
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
