 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
) s5 q5 q+ }0 J( z4 zInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
. Z. x1 f$ g. }0 d/ |9 U3 R$ zsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
. w6 K# g9 h# j( [and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 E3 R/ F" U* a! F) I+ N2 p(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 H1 U) k5 [3 i0 Cretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 X0 h1 I: f* h, k) F, ^. O# rA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
6 J+ m% l! T4 K, n) f$ Y8 c! P1 O[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: X/ Y: z* G% h3 O8 [1 D
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! R2 c! i2 a- j$ a+ }; G# Q! K8 |$ r
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on" D- }9 y3 p3 y, _3 |/ c0 @9 a) l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& E3 p* a' V% i; A
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 S5 j# k$ I! s
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 ]2 N6 G6 u: X7 r" c- \6 {semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
. `3 [4 \4 x' L% K; U) e% b, I0 w- kend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% S1 b0 D2 t- S& A& Wcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
) }6 t1 B, z8 O7 \the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: j7 a# g: v. ~4 d% q& \
' J/ |% Z7 Q) ~) M0 _" M8 b(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 S- \/ z$ s7 I. A* D) n
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
