 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# \. N3 q: Z( b& X& IInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 D9 ~& d: m7 q1 j+ `- Z$ k6 i' M
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,9 F3 G( H9 ~/ T
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 ~7 e" n v J: g7 [1 `(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of$ Z8 r, H# H. B
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).. Q( P, j# H1 G) \% Y
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
5 {, m& i* l Q4 n; Y* u0 {[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 Y0 y& N- E6 ~: }3 y, t8 s- o
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 [& F& \* s% u) X, a2 R! s# ^* Z! Cretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! b# C' o& C+ Z$ I6 X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& A3 Q! r' D2 y* s7 J( {* A
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two) U" M2 k$ l' ^: \. u
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' r {" I! u0 `
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ ]4 Z- r- Y+ b) w5 O7 J) H% K2 j7 k
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: D# P- H; _+ ^2 o
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 W2 S* c2 L. c' P( I
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..; z6 J7 S4 F, x. f$ i- z& Q/ Y6 a
% f& d4 l5 k8 d. F1 _. A
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch). [# U8 G% o, B1 l0 F& ^. }
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
