 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- M2 K0 f' P9 H3 AInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
7 B( v2 Z8 d+ Q/ @7 m$ Psyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! h3 m& k/ y. |and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" d+ k& j. F0 \4 J1 k- {. K' J2 R3 m
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of+ A$ |/ \2 w! I' P7 T
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)." J+ |2 O8 `& i6 G4 g. Q! c2 a
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=& x2 n9 b: B; y% T
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]) u' A+ E8 K) N0 c
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 z$ S' h" r% S9 u" q6 J2 A
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: ^' _& f2 M; ?- ]possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 K% }, B/ i0 w* X1 N6 E(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two$ f# [0 J& c9 [4 l$ e
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, x; ]5 e) q1 {, r
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% U) O, t8 |4 Q2 O1 ?) T' K5 \6 l
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
) R+ O# k' v2 ^$ F" Y) Lcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
6 X' k# e& ?* }9 Nthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
" A# L; s% O) v0 L
8 Q$ M: |' u" H# }0 I(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* h$ g/ }+ I% c- I' l! v7 r
and American speakers of English, |
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