 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
/ b$ j5 H3 O! k& ?* g6 p5 \Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 ?, y. S7 e3 Ksyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
1 ]: Q7 |* n* g5 q4 Eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial- T; L$ w& X6 i: G/ k
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of) `0 Z% p; M" F: |6 _# S9 S
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
" X+ P) p% ^% y5 n: \+ w# ~: cA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
0 u& m/ H4 m% }7 D; R[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]4 }# M5 g/ o, D( \! h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
/ l$ x% X: `( q' Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on% L- d4 }5 h- N) E3 M# s5 @& a# `5 M
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
; C/ f% ^0 Z: [; ?8 `(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- j S; x7 i, T6 ]: b1 Xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 q @* E# e$ ]0 E9 ^& z$ g
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
6 M( d r/ a) `& x/ `6 ]2 rend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In, i. U% h( Z: f% c! Y6 M& d; K
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 d2 U) q7 w( J/ p2 F* l* Z: B0 n! Z
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( W1 J, P8 t. j4 p0 h7 ~5 \7 r/ P+ [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)# I" u0 O, H/ Q6 A/ {
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
