 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The& W# Z1 u+ Z, _- H" `) s2 w
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: k3 R. w( m N* ~ Q8 }
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) j7 H5 z. C- \, W( R4 fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
5 \ A, s5 U+ h, S(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& h& U- p4 [; L y3 s
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).+ o p: S# A; h! f2 N: M
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! F( B) v9 w& V
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 R% E* H$ m1 g) ?$ w/ F
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
0 @' F4 L( q; s6 [retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ G" C4 i) H" M' \$ l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. I0 Y$ u, ^- B8 n, a9 _6 u! Z$ V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: `# `2 \, r" Z' c
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
/ J# J2 b5 E$ n6 Y% k1 C( psemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.& D- T; F" H, p; k! C( L
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ L' r; N( ]- L6 B6 o
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
) R8 d7 m. q' W% dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.., Y0 T3 s' ^2 H
5 u( \* z @) G5 [) ?+ f; g3 T8 D% B
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
1 M) a( f L3 T) E/ u$ b- ]8 Zand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
