 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ a4 F% L6 o. z" q" i* ?' C8 C
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
& r+ s- H8 f1 X+ @. u: I& }7 |syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 d b1 H: M b( O" _* H* f7 w
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
; ~: R4 @% |/ Q( P* a; l(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of$ a& {! r) Z; e8 @2 |
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).8 j7 n7 C# w( W* x8 i
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 d& z& x! Y4 o$ n$ _* k
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 D7 [& N$ G* P. P9 R2 y(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 g# T3 d, |3 [: h7 w/ W0 P3 Dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: r% q) g9 x6 z( ?9 z3 |possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
/ q# z. _! C' H(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# B* }9 _- R: y' b+ N" ~: usegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
0 v W& P7 a' h/ \semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# V) Q2 V1 |5 O, E9 R4 `1 k
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: z8 x5 D* O/ u# o6 M( k# rcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 y0 z7 {9 J9 S% Z ~9 a% zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..$ s! \7 F9 _' n5 T
$ z9 S$ e! g, ~9 g(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* D" ~9 Y4 I2 m e0 \. g& O% land American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
