 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: F: M) J+ G: u2 XInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 H: E1 I$ i- e& s, }, z# u
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,3 ]- E; T/ m7 S+ a
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 ]$ B& X8 Y5 r6 X- W$ n5 s; x(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
5 ]' o$ P N! B7 V1 `retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 g1 j$ ~- M& r! w- F5 M1 n
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
5 x g& K6 S/ N9 d- z6 D' y" m0 P2 m[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* p4 ]& M. Z, L% R! k8 e
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! z6 C; v- [& k- I
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* Q% ]. d, s0 D- ]3 D- x& ]* g, Upossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 {8 D: H, S5 f* ?
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two9 ~, i# m/ a2 k, x- t
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
& K9 s, l4 k3 T, [5 Gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
1 i; ~6 U0 j. D/ ?% Y R, b5 iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In, t6 T4 u# a8 S) n
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,. ?% J8 X1 a; Z l! s* T# X
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 u; k9 _2 z# N+ w1 U8 Q( t
8 F; a, n2 k% D5 L(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 M/ m2 g/ @0 s* b
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
