 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The& g3 D2 T0 w0 ~! E3 R
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) `+ c! O! o( k2 l- h6 I0 c
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,: r, }# a" g0 r
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ s/ i' [1 M* m1 R% A
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of [! M9 X1 w7 c3 B3 M$ M s
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* u" Q. M" i$ n2 i0 n2 dA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
1 }: E1 X+ v, u# G/ T4 E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% c- Y0 d( W9 w5 O: z e1 r% u(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
( Y# x- e% x- y; X1 Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 o0 h" x+ j; t; ~possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset/ B8 E6 ]+ g( V' a; N' b
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! e8 O3 c& R, \. C5 b. U% _ bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ @$ u. B2 V: Hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ i" z& i k9 W _
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 d& u+ M0 s5 c ]1 F4 l
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 h/ ^- g4 N7 h, }2 Ythe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 ], v E' [9 c1 _6 \0 l
/ r1 L7 p# h& ], F4 P. S: R1 X0 R) C
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
$ e3 D! \1 R2 S! d! T# }7 kand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
