 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# ?$ V, }: U3 x# |Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
p1 h8 l+ P8 ~2 {6 ~1 T' Msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* g4 M$ \" n6 ^3 k ^& zand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 \' ^/ _/ c3 q7 y# k# y9 Y. D(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 Z+ z5 W3 v$ H9 z$ u. H4 b9 c( tretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* \" g5 I* K" ?) a CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: f4 W6 L; d4 T6 c
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]' Z9 h2 X3 X: Y
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
# B8 K. K4 S! Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: V4 P0 @! L5 }. ?$ M- Wpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
3 g4 `0 ^; O5 j(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# U3 a: Q& ~( g( c
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
8 R8 Z) _+ `9 Q! {( h* }2 \4 esemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." d$ e+ i9 c7 ?- s9 n
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
6 r- G1 A. U" ^! e' pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" X, D Z# i a& cthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
" t2 z4 |. Y' s! @9 ]1 \
/ D# }3 k) d. |2 p, y(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
5 W: H8 m' N6 a' C; Xand American speakers of English, |
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