 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The1 o( a- A( |" P& e O: P9 C, v
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" p$ w0 `: l! J8 r# ]
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,- g: Y% Y: U- Y4 k1 b
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
% o H- O. m9 x3 @9 @# Y8 `/ ^(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
; H4 A o! w+ S' p0 lretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
# f1 @% I' @1 z' @0 s9 dA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=* B$ _) N( |" m
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 y8 o9 t% u0 y1 \: r) ]5 A& M1 }6 k(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 G' v0 ?. e0 I2 Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
$ d1 O7 K6 C# Ppossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 N7 _% K6 t, m' G(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 k. z$ y+ L5 @segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" D# f$ w* }$ e& O
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: f7 J" p. y! g- k# }! x* }
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
9 s! U" W: ` z8 _compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
5 r$ Q, z0 x) n7 S7 C1 Jthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 X( W3 Z2 z0 l% Z
4 w! K7 H ^% J' e
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
6 T. e! n% p& J( _+ Kand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
