 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
& F- Y& E6 Y4 n; d) I9 w9 E) _Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the# e. P0 w7 f7 {! o/ {
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, j1 l% p! k* d, \
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 j# C) S% T+ p8 G {& N" j% ?9 E1 \
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 Y) f. e% b0 F7 }5 d" x! j8 L* E$ k0 q
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
# C% l. U/ v S8 S* i2 lA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 O0 k; G0 Q3 u/ ?/ @
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; \2 O9 I; Y4 N: Q$ y' ?: N. g4 R(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
8 H' ~" J& J4 c. k$ x* ~# Qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
0 p$ z& G& [: I( H+ Ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
# o- d$ U8 q6 h. K5 L! `; D+ S(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ m6 K$ z% v% W" m% {+ xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a) {9 k) m" E6 v) P( O8 H% d4 l6 K/ m5 O
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
+ s# i' z8 V5 tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. A! N7 y3 n% g3 ~+ jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,6 h5 P, Y2 o3 k" b" o
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 S6 d1 }! P) M3 ]
0 ~ h) }+ J- V4 F(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# g6 v4 a7 O8 p5 r2 V& tand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
