 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( ]# F6 [4 M% e7 }8 i6 v+ MInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
. R% z; U+ g/ |1 S6 o, ^* b* psyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, b9 r5 }8 Q$ n: C
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: F) x' c0 Z" U( y1 i
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# Q. s4 B8 _: W S. \! Qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% B- k3 E7 G6 j* u+ m* k8 T4 @' `A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
2 r' M. `* K! x5 D6 c% Z! c% w5 l# I[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. ?- o c" j- L4 l9 L; \
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 w4 m L; c: vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* ^) E/ @# P i4 U1 kpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* \+ @7 b* B; r8 J B2 w(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
. ?8 a$ Y1 v# L' Y5 z+ b* _ ]8 `6 tsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a. p: r, B9 P2 t
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.$ A9 T/ @% J' q: z* C, y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. C! Q: l9 d1 M5 kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
Y$ U; I; Q# fthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..- K5 }% T* y! S# N, m3 i
+ D0 T: q- y" e% s/ J(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)# y) H/ b- J% p- u$ H' ^+ f
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
