 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
P4 |3 c7 |7 N3 J3 H# PInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
) Z" j0 `8 I/ M- `, ]" K. i: fsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,/ U; U# Q. w$ @. ~8 Z- }
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 A w; P$ D, p: z6 I3 X! s(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of2 H5 C) c$ J h* ?* h
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ `. }# A- M4 Z5 @. u& Z
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
3 g3 E, F0 }& F7 ^2 C( u7 G[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 d* r/ e$ i# H: ]6 b(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 A; }/ L/ _0 {' O- L5 Dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ ^2 ?% N) L; p. a+ |4 Q7 w9 |
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# d: A$ N& m& z, u; l+ ~9 l4 x5 u
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 V, r1 l' O8 F, G" e1 d B. |/ Gsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 b' [* m- f' U' |/ w0 isemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
' M n" B1 Y8 |( K7 k/ D5 T7 g' ?end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ I& R) L* r- h+ U" X
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
* O( s/ |5 x% h7 q- w0 l# g. qthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..- |4 b" I# q% N4 A1 {/ v
: \* W- z0 V: k+ Y: i" P8 V/ t& H( ~
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
1 N) ?. M( I4 v- _8 F, qand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
