 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! e. T7 ?; u9 R) b- u8 d# i
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
% I1 i7 Z% i8 X; `' b( ]syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) D; I6 `3 u; @, ?/ r4 Q {and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" j; \5 l. r7 k- m$ B
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of# z9 q) L$ N8 {1 m3 j* w% R6 R
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ ~5 i+ s% U! P* r' u
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
2 s& Z: X9 I/ | O K[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% `4 }( p( m; A7 ?+ V
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 y- j) D8 H8 ?0 v9 l5 p
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
% Z: I6 |! ` s- A. R% M/ J. }7 i4 Ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 ], X; [' K# Q- t" F8 Q$ J; \ m(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: B2 R. v. \# r; n0 z; Usegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
5 G8 @, b: d2 I6 ^semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 Z7 V$ \& j5 Y& ~( `% bend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
) q8 ?5 S5 W( q, p+ t# A2 lcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,. g4 p, P+ p! P9 W" @6 O2 v* [
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..& O6 y2 v/ \6 E* R) ]4 ~0 x' } t
. J7 Q/ [+ Z+ ^4 e& Y! B(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ U6 U& B0 u3 i+ _+ y
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
