 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
* h6 R* f: M' R( M6 g2 v* g& JInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 @" [+ p9 s' t9 l5 z
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' j& B4 i3 z" _( Z& m- t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
. Q# Z. O* J4 O. l(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
' Y" h- n$ b( Y! |2 hretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).4 J, Q j; M$ ~% }+ q
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 @6 r* ^8 R+ r H6 p- Y9 O/ x
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 W8 q" c @" N$ L( M6 I1 k) ](phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* z/ a; A0 s+ l Oretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
; s" G( B" K1 @5 J- b7 j. d/ npossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
3 g) [6 |. U, d; g(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 s4 I" Y" \3 V9 B+ K' U, c4 Q: I
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
+ r, L+ m' J; M9 p8 i u9 I Gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( ~" |7 v O6 \+ j$ v
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) G' G" _$ k9 A% I; N
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,, J b$ D! q" C i' o; F- `2 K6 v
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
" c9 O1 z4 T0 T0 Q1 r6 \/ r! k; ? h. ]9 q: [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)5 m* S$ E6 v/ v: t4 p6 r J! B$ v
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
