 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The8 ?" B' k# Q! A
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- X2 I' S& x% hsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 ]" I; c. N* F; land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
0 h# q3 @& [6 C# c6 F* M(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ u) C) o, H8 `: _$ wretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)." M4 w% r/ p- N) y
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- r+ O! {4 D" H/ S L' o7 D0 Z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]( P; H8 u) m+ i5 y
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
0 C7 O$ u J" E& Q" U& \3 fretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' e. g2 j# W2 d7 r0 Vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
6 i' P! q; K" v9 K5 \2 v(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two. m8 v5 o) q4 r& _! U6 c( o J
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
+ a! {2 K- S* k9 gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 z6 G5 N8 I C6 h" h
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
1 V2 X/ a. _& Z- Fcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" t2 S0 E2 E0 J {& Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' i1 t- o+ F0 K8 w7 O8 J
2 b+ J: ^6 M7 W1 W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* v: E3 B e6 {- x% w q
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
