 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The' h* j$ n* v- U6 M* j0 ^/ m) o
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the- T& ~. \& g$ T" ~6 Y' s; a. \
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, O' o& b# \1 Y- X
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial' A$ u+ A0 z- W' E- ^6 Y4 E1 _
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of' z& N }' ~9 Y+ g" B
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).8 J M) P% ]1 V9 {) _
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% V. W# v* A( z) l
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; {8 k: d7 G' z g9 `(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
' ~. x% e$ a' a# d4 B0 N( O; wretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
+ o2 h) e* F' t9 v8 Gpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) F5 |8 `2 ^% c' u- U+ u(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two1 e( c4 p! X* e- Z( _5 O
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 ?% P! F1 f$ S7 a1 L2 J* l8 f( V- I
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
+ @. {* z' e5 aend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In7 I- @* `2 |, R% A4 M) N( ]
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
. R. p* ]9 _9 Sthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 v% F2 X4 o; Q2 t; e8 _3 Y9 q0 i; X
1 y: `5 U5 \7 ~4 ~" D; J) i4 Y1 E
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
1 b- R0 l7 n; v. \& R2 Band American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
