 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ h/ W4 i' g, n4 B) X
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ g/ ?) J3 v G" c2 A, qsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,/ J7 g) ]/ L" g: K
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
. H' n' W' O/ y' B(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
|5 b- ~' {* R- g+ _2 {retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 Z& q; S( ^9 ?# CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, w9 T4 C. d! t- @. C
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* L |- N- P. y C; M0 A. L
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving8 a9 t6 u0 w7 U3 m, e# d2 I% D
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 {2 t0 S0 y) x4 J7 D% i. n) Cpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset9 P8 B$ K1 V2 R& m/ c
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two. l; I7 S! e& b+ ^ S% l1 U: N
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" G1 G1 n: x2 C1 ?
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
/ ^8 N5 Y, U$ s: ^$ Kend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
H4 a, `! \9 b$ v2 |: D" }compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 G- c9 a4 |, X- H$ c: j0 c w @2 N
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..& U) x! I. e( d8 g; K L
0 A Z& p: ?# i% k# s( D; }' {2 a
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch), x; Z' s$ r; j
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
