 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
) ?) t* ~* c" _- RInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" a( q G3 E; j" _# I. I, O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
5 ]9 A+ `% F; ?3 P; `9 Oand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial( F+ o3 t7 R1 l8 e+ _
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: j( f& z8 u; u7 j# nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).3 k" ?9 G7 M3 g/ i3 m7 W4 j
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! E- C6 c4 L! A& M% w
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]9 v" {+ {. Z! E, g2 V2 t' V
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
1 ?9 b; w# o8 o4 ?retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on7 `7 Q+ }$ U: X( y
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset8 [ A+ f# O2 o, J5 K$ y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 z' T1 r8 {+ k! _! f4 l4 e! A
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 ^8 N& L! m* V, m3 U: D
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e. n7 r) J$ E ~& H
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In; ?% \, p4 s: |! u& I* \
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,2 ]$ P/ M# S! _/ C% p# Z
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( O/ |5 Z8 |2 ~# J: f* W7 x+ D. Y" r* H# Y' }5 M
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)7 I1 Z. z: U6 }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
