 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
" G% K: `( d( aInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% t, v* E% W' _, O% K/ _
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,) x0 d" y# v' v+ U% d% T# m2 `
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial4 l% M" N6 l9 w2 U6 y* e4 S' j$ ]* l
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
5 `, q4 }) h8 v! S5 C |! Kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).. d8 { o) C& S; U D
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
! S* `, {2 v9 C) ~. s[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! p7 \$ j' n8 c0 y* h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving" A& b3 R' [: r. r. i/ R3 }
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 V) ~: v: J' D+ U2 f6 T6 t% _/ _
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 ~2 `; \: X6 K, u: N: Z(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; B3 i" q' K5 Z6 o; \- Dsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a/ d3 ?$ m2 _6 z
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.$ b7 n1 X6 F- a+ i8 n6 k! o
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 G- y9 [/ m4 d$ B2 b! N$ \3 K7 S) h
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 c5 Z" x4 ^; i) U' A7 K9 L& ~+ h
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 m+ i/ x4 o4 P3 j
& d! Z& e- x- \5 S' v(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch). h f: u! P" F" P8 Z9 {8 z" l
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
