 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
0 B7 ~2 L+ y3 S9 z$ K- v# TInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the6 B" X& _! P$ @5 G g
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,6 E4 i [! r) H* j# U9 m1 ~' s+ E
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial w7 M0 J# L8 \" C' | q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 a3 H4 n) C$ z+ Tretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% O9 y* \5 \. E& ]2 L) n6 eA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# o: y5 g9 a* R2 D5 n- u: |
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ `/ h2 }3 l; @7 u: m' }! T
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' E, B( m: \. ^! D4 h6 F4 d; x
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ f/ A3 _6 c6 m. `, A8 X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& [& A# Y y, H$ l, E, [2 F5 @* e
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
3 V' I2 `! v* j& g# _, x3 z K, qsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a6 z0 }& g- y' [, L8 [5 g0 S
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e. N4 R7 `9 B& q. w+ ?; J
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! n& p Y/ u: s. l, z& P' g
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 P; I3 T; {& Z# P+ B4 C+ g, rthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..& e- x! X" E) B( e8 J# R4 j
9 L, y4 ?( e2 C. S, l/ w
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" |$ e9 \2 L4 m3 G. mand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
