 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
% w) _9 P8 x: [( v) h1 o8 FInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" X5 A$ _" K: G$ J m
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 ~, Y2 l: I' _8 Y: M
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
0 H' W+ n3 k- s6 i& Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of9 b6 [3 p1 k+ c3 q+ C
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).. T6 c! u7 o) W
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
% T/ \) r4 E0 U, C: p5 W! x5 M1 k[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
( S/ d3 e' q) [# X$ `( p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 r% k2 @4 G1 F0 g+ y) b5 ^
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on( ^. e$ _6 I4 ^; \' K% |& `
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* O6 I1 S( v8 Y0 j; M8 {0 a! T
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two2 }: Q% ~# y& S2 r$ |
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 L# i* H* h9 i% _9 A4 A
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
w7 y8 f7 e' |) }+ [5 bend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
6 h3 B) f2 W' dcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( F8 L$ f* i& j! V4 n$ }5 I4 `the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' T, B6 w, F) R u$ H ?- v
- ~1 o: G6 M: d8 {* Z7 n o(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)2 s7 s" M9 {9 b1 o
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
