 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; X8 J8 T( o; n& z4 b
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the6 J8 q+ H% `8 n, o: J* g, q- G* \
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,6 V9 T x @/ b e
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 @" c! R" s5 s% g: c# X
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
' T+ Y5 p- y/ p+ T5 kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
$ h1 u9 v$ |2 R6 y7 OA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
/ p( m' f- I6 R" @2 L[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]4 o2 d6 I8 E: r
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
( ?# O. }+ X$ I) h7 X6 Oretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 b( z& {0 \. M( ^: N; c* V" w
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" C0 C* J% ^7 c" N9 j) `(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two' w9 x6 J( x D+ y! {# k' J8 q: U" l
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
& O: [! g6 l7 m, c1 V; `semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( |/ ]5 j& ^# q' q
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
4 i, g2 W9 B2 |" \compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- V3 E" E( r* k1 P1 N% k& g
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( i. T& o4 w% L) ~
" X- R8 N. m$ d: q- V6 t(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): m. `; m4 a3 Y$ L. g0 ]( x
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
