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JOB PROFILE
详见: http://www.alis.gov.ab.ca/occinf ... ;OCCPRO_ID=71001996
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2 _# I7 v7 O& k% i7 s6 dTruck Driver Produced OCTOBER 2003 ) f0 r+ d; i6 z5 z+ {
" U- y @" O: \, iTruck drivers operate gasoline or diesel-powered trucks, tractor-trailers and similar vehicles to transport goods and materials over local routes or long distances.
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+ J! I+ C2 z+ D( K* t# ^NOC Number(s): 7411
. w) c( C" I8 {, q4 tEducational Requirements: Vary ! ^, _7 j( W# ~: w0 \
Employment Outlook: Employment turnover plus average occupational growth in Alberta ) ^( J3 ^( @8 ]: D; Z( {; E
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: I: m! W5 T M/ ?) LDuties | Working Conditions | Personal Characteristics | Education | Employment | Salary | Other Information | Related Occupations T' j+ U3 Y1 v! p
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Duties
8 o/ r7 t9 t+ X, c" l8 t$ |# t% mDuties and responsibilities vary from one position to another but, in general, truck drivers:
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; z% w; d" f/ r6 u9 C) B3 q) H* Aoperate trucks and sometimes maneuver them in tight spaces
9 \2 L3 j& m" G0 T# {routinely inspect brakes, tires, lights, horns, and cooling and refrigeration equipment before leaving the warehouse or terminal ( V+ l. _4 N8 `2 x% k+ ^, e6 o- F$ B
load trucks to maximize the use of space and distribute weight accordingly, and to ensure safety on the road - k$ g! U V* Z
secure cargo on the truck and place protective padding around articles to prevent damage during transit
* s G# A* u$ A& ]5 u: p+ Lconduct security checks and inspections en route 1 g% G! g) t. r" f, F
make emergency roadside adjustments and repairs ! [& E! h; I1 L( G( \6 l2 z: k
follow local and interprovincial highway safety regulations
9 K. Y* T; ]" D( Shave the weight of the entire unit checked as directed by weighing officials at highway scales
1 k! c- D# K- T7 {1 A" Ykeep records of loads delivered and picked up, arrival and departure times, and maintain vehicle log books (fuel consumption, mileage).
" g& h0 ^' ]0 FSome truck drivers specialize in operating special types of vehicles such as:
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heavy trucks for overweight loads
7 e- ^* t1 p1 z' `! v( ]tank trucks which transport bulk liquids 9 L C+ x% X+ ~# R/ v1 \
gravel trucks
9 A1 n- S; H! ]tractor-trailers (two or more vehicles hooked together)
4 T% {2 F& S$ Qindustrial trucks (involving special equipment)
4 D7 z) s5 k1 i/ R# @* P$ m+ xgarbage trucks (for more information, see the Refuse Truck Driver occupational profile) , I) V6 W' ~: V) _' j
log and muskeg trucks
* v9 h G- _; D" q7 y1 n L8 bextended length vehicles.6 A3 |; h3 f- Z# `& _1 A5 X
Many truck drivers are owner-operators who own their own vehicles and lease their services and trucks to other companies.
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Working Conditions
& I" l3 }# I0 c/ d0 cTruck drivers often work long hours, primarily behind the wheel. They drive in all kinds of weather, traffic and road conditions.
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Truck drivers' work loads and schedules vary depending on the goods being transported and the distances travelled. Some local truck drivers start out in the morning with a loaded truck and make deliveries all day, returning with an empty truck to the warehouse or plant at the end of the day. With other products such as lumber local drivers may return to the yard to reload after each delivery.! m- L& U( o1 o* d5 H2 Q
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Long distance truck drivers move goods between cities and across the continent. They often work long hours and travel at night. On relatively short runs, drivers may transport loaded trailers to nearby cities, pick up different loads for the return trip, and return to their starting points in the same day. On longer runs, drivers may be away for a week or longer. Sitting for long periods of time can be hard on the back.
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Depending on the products being transported, truck drivers may or may not be responsible for loading and unloading the truck. If the driver is expected to unload, there may be a helper to assist with the job. Loading and unloading may require lifting over 25 kilograms.0 h( N# f- c% X
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Personal Characteristics 3 t1 v' y$ |& o% y9 V
Truck drivers need the following characteristics:, ]5 A* e. Z7 n( e0 g( \$ u" v
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good health and vision 2 K* H `' `, H
the ability to learn how to use the on-board computer devices commonly used in the transportation industry 0 z% @" ~3 k+ M4 k
the ability to remain alert and maintain a high level of concentration
* Q! Y4 R3 J) ugood interpersonal skills and a customer service orientation
/ N4 |% L8 G# Dgood judgement and the ability to react quickly in emergency situations ( l7 I6 y, z2 Q6 Q& z: |
the mechanical ability required to make minor repairs." K N3 ] N+ T* g6 b8 u
They should enjoy taking a methodical approach to recording information and obtaining required documentation, driving and talking to others involved in loading and receiving shipments.8 Q H& e- m9 F% S: m
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5 I6 @6 Y! m0 |5 T; C' \4 @Educational Requirements
- @* e% U( W8 P0 E4 ZTruck drivers must have air brakes certification and should have at least Grade 10 English reading and writing skills. Employers may require drivers to have first aid and CPR certification, WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) training, TDG (Transportation of Dangerous Goods) training or H2S Alive training.+ K$ b+ D) m6 v6 L$ y
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Drivers who haul to the United States must be at least 21 years of age and able to pass U.S. drug testing requirements. Employers generally prefer to hire drivers who do not have a criminal record, have no more than six demerits and are insurable at a reasonable cost (25 years of age or older).0 z" D6 [! k& {& M# F3 s' U
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Truck drivers must be able to maneuver trucks through narrow streets and alleys, into tight parking spaces, and up to loading docks. In Alberta, a system of Classified Driver Licensing sets strict requirements for handling specific types of trucks and combination vehicles, in addition to rigid medical standards. Trucking companies can only hire drivers who have qualified under this system.
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Many people get started in the trucking industry by taking training courses offered by public colleges or private truck driving schools. Program length, content, costs and admission requirements vary. Before enrolling in a program, prospective students should visit several schools and compare their facilities for classroom instruction, the vehicles used for instruction and the qualifications of the instructors. Another good way to evaluate a school is to talk to former students and ask local trucking companies if they hire graduates from that school.3 h! j- Y7 ^# Q+ ^% A. w, h- ?* P
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Applicants for a Class 1 license must be at least 18 years of age and have a valid Alberta class 5 driver's licence. Truck driving schools may require students to also have a clear driving record or minimum number of demerits or a medical examination.
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1 E8 k# @9 k$ w% kEmployment and Advancement section revised APRIL 2004
) a! g o! k1 ]; v: P+ ~( }Truck drivers may work as employees or self-employed contractors for:1 P6 R: W4 p, N4 Y$ \
. @- a# a6 U; B; J( ytransportation companies s# W8 r2 `7 G
manufacturing and distribution companies 1 E( |; [5 W1 X# a2 L
retail outlets 0 d" R" H/ k5 d, O- P
moving companies.2 h! m" }' ~, _
Some trucker drivers start work in entry-level jobs such as yard worker, dock handler, checker or clerk and advance to driving positions after they acquire the required operator's license and a driving position becomes available.
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Many local drivers and a few long distance drivers have regularly assigned runs. Drivers who work for smaller companies are more likely to be assigned regular runs early in their employment. In large companies, drivers usually start on the "extra board" where they bid for runs on the basis of seniority.
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' Z: K$ \- q$ f! n1 l% hOnce they have gained some truck driving experience, drivers may be assigned to long haul or highway driving. As long as their driving records remain acceptable and they maintain good health, they can continue driving as long as they wish. They may also move into related areas such as operations (freight handling, dock supervision, dispatching) or communications (tracking the movement of shipments and trucks). Drivers who have business knowledge and skills may choose to purchase their own trucks or fleet of trucks.
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" L* U% s' c# F" ]4 k! YIn Alberta, over 75 per cent of people employed as truck drivers work in the following industries:
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& E/ d5 F7 `1 {' D$ [$ qOver 75 per cent of people employed in the Truck Drivers group work in the following industries: ] v5 z0 B, x! p7 g3 `: ]
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Transportation and Warehousing . q- @! I$ X/ Z& F N& u
Oil and Gas Extraction E7 T( t" c3 k4 P
Construction.
, O; \5 }- D# @" D5 N/ yThe employment outlook in this occupation will be influenced by a wide variety of factors, including:, e* C6 f m) g
+ H' n/ E/ q) _1 e* q. q) R7 gtrends and events affecting overall employment (especially in the industries listed above)
1 N; ?* U! S; ^0 Wlocation in Alberta % x! l. Z4 l& @) _# H( ~( N P/ [
employment turnover (work opportunities generated by people leaving existing positions)
2 V3 D- d$ `1 P9 h7 f% goccupational growth (work opportunities resulting from the creation of new positions that never existed before)
! @) o1 ]9 B4 k& ?" Osize of the occupation.6 o3 v; j% ~) b1 Y. a3 F+ V
About 34,750 Albertans are employed in the Truck Drivers occupational group which is expected to grow 1.0 to 2.0 per cent each year from 2003 to 2008 in Alberta. It is forecasted that 340 to 700 new positions will be created each year in addition to job openings created by employment turnover.
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1 O+ q3 k) `- G# o: H% t% v! Y! ~Employment turnover is expected to increase as members of the baby boom generation retire over the next five to ten years.
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; _: t+ p' h1 l3 }. w- ESalary section revised MAY 2004
* ~ M) p2 d G+ t' B5 TWages in the trucking industry vary, depending on the type of work, load and vehicle.
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) s& q& ^/ N1 vAccording to the 2003 Alberta Wage and Salary Survey, most Albertans in the Truck Drivers occupational group earned from $21,000 to $164,200 per year. The average salary was $51,700 per year.
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Other Sources of Information
' V. ?2 ?1 p& D: A% F! BAlberta construction industry "Trade Up! " website: www.careersconstruction.com
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Related Occupational Profiles
$ n/ d+ b6 `5 A7 b9 m9 fBus Driver ; N* ^0 N4 ?8 K& D$ W
Chauffeur
, E1 i; h* d& y, S+ D# pMunicipal Recycling Truck Driver
; r5 \/ s- J$ {' C- r* E6 h' RRefuse Truck Driver
! c; H* J5 i7 i1 i2 {Taxi Driver, s# b7 d+ @" s# A9 s
5 Y4 ~3 {. n S/ T) S[ Last edited by 社员都是向阳花 on 2004-9-10 at 10:53 PM ] |
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