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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 ; _7 P z4 J- ]( m0 D9 W' @% N# @: c
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1 w5 r: `7 C5 [4 J! {" E/ a" MCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?1 z4 T$ l+ F, S- X2 k
" y7 D% J. l" |$ @. M$ cBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
0 M0 e+ L/ o8 q" F- W0 V% hBar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.. B- s) L2 Z# T k
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.$ k, e5 l2 C$ q/ B' d& n/ `! M
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
4 Z- y* L8 J& V+ bThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
% T. G) {3 O$ Y3 ]; _The country codes used are :
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CODE \COUNTRY
0 M+ r) w) B i) N3 }! ?. C- _/ n00-13 USA & Canada
$ g# r% R/ T6 H20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
" [/ f7 }4 `, ~- I% D30-37 France4 O9 L' o4 y+ E1 E9 d9 |2 q
380 Bulgaria" }4 c8 G/ ^3 R( A9 H3 ~6 Q. v, b
383 Slovenia. y: d8 k& _" }! e9 L
385 Croatia- o* q; [" }6 }: K! u( g" y( k8 V
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina; o: [" ^: ]8 R+ r+ y
400-440 Germany' d1 ?% O4 o( H: u! a3 g0 l. r
45 Japan8 f3 z. c6 r$ n# [$ l
46 Russian Federation6 B1 H2 U2 \1 w: A; h
471 Taiwan
* r& A n! ] y% y2 U474 Estonia
5 ?8 C5 `4 ?4 O6 ~) i P4 h. c475 Latvia
: V( `# a0 Z. i4 P3 D- m' j476 Azerbaijan
7 h" n6 W8 K o) c4 v8 o* E477 Lithuania
7 r+ ^) h: B/ j: f478 Uzbekistan
( f0 A4 R" s4 t; `; s% @479 Sri Lanka
# h' f- F3 p( H% j2 }3 k480 Philippines3 V. c! [- T; _0 L6 a6 P( s- {
481 Belarus
! o _- {( c6 N. f# Z2 ]3 q482 Ukraine
7 f: F. ]: i6 J0 G9 e a484 Moldova: l6 S9 \2 O3 ]. i) {+ Q
485 Armenia
3 M! z, R, n( n486 Georgia4 E" w8 p! T# \( _8 g) b$ }
487 Kazakhstan
4 @3 {: I* I4 ?7 o5 c489 Hong Kong
6 N$ Z5 {) e7 N2 l, ] ?; n49 Japan
. A. g6 o8 S4 U, J* b& x50 UK
, ^7 `! R1 T5 I520 Greece8 `! N$ z8 h7 o7 w$ K$ C. L: s' U
528 Lebanon
& b4 q! m/ }2 q529 Cyprus
5 m' b2 H0 T b, I0 ~531 Macedonia% R0 ^; r$ k. H+ y4 b* I
535 Malta* V- \( \/ k# p- B" p( m: ~/ t
539 Ireland
2 Z+ x/ Z- b) V) {% U0 o3 ?, V# ?. z; a54 Belgium & Luxembourg
" A- J, o- `$ P0 n- p' ~560 Portugal
* S0 s% t4 g8 u569 Iceland
* K8 e# ~% I/ G, ~* `5 Q: y57 Denmark
9 H0 B# G# {; d# B1 J' X* P590 Poland
' p6 d1 K. f4 C+ m8 u8 R2 k594 Romania2 f) Y; S: }0 j
599 Hungary
. u) e' r: t* R! e600-601 South Africa& r9 o6 u; ~% Y, o1 @7 X) R; @2 }
609 Mauritius. J) ^1 h0 W1 L, H9 h- |
611 Morocco& X2 m$ A9 k) i! v' h: r
613 Algeria
0 O7 k/ g* p' R- ~& m619 Tunisia- S; s @$ ]" o$ P
621 Syria
: X" v/ ]3 Z9 h! C622 Egypt
" ~, e" N! P! Z A* M624 Libya
4 F# t' d$ H: R0 B& r5 o: F E4 o625 Jordan
8 O: S+ V% U" k" ?) k' q626 Iran
# L p h( |9 @627 Kuwait
* _% _5 o5 T) r; \ ?, L4 Y2 R628 Saudi Arabia
5 ~. f6 r' y0 F+ L7 k7 z% Q629 United Arab Emirates
i: n/ P# T% \5 P+ g- y1 c64 Finland5 A" g6 Q0 y: e
690-692 China3 L$ k% w! ]& R- m1 o
70 Norway r0 }0 \5 Q% d' E
729 Israel
; ?* S4 z9 P G73 Sweden; o& e- u- [9 G ~; G( n
740 Guatemala
4 _) T7 E0 u) t9 {741 El Salvador
& |7 D& N8 f3 f/ V4 f5 H( [8 b8 s742 Honduras
, }' M1 o' m! J# Q! m. s743 Nicaragua5 o( _. a1 I/ |* }; ?1 ^
744 Costa Rica
! F* Q( p, i) x* M6 R; L y# K745 Panama# P# o3 W. ]+ `& t ^! r* h
746 Dominican Republic
2 T" x+ i' G- d* I0 r6 h( y0 g750 Mexico
/ ^9 W) G' S8 G& e759 Venezuela( P- j. Y6 ^4 J; L
76 Switzerland
6 \& k6 e" G2 H+ a1 t$ f- d770 Colombia
4 c T( A& |" q3 K) E773 Uruguay
! |; O; `; w7 {* Z3 L* v775 Peru
7 o" a( S/ v7 S( B; |( e1 P6 o# @# u777 Bolivia$ S9 [9 H) ^. l* B9 {
779 Argentina
/ b6 E5 ^4 n9 i780 Chile
3 L7 s" J) D6 B- W4 ?5 o+ _784 Paraguay
' ]6 i- E6 o+ D8 V+ M+ B, E2 z) x% _ y785 Peru
. K }: D( c: e$ k1 W* G786 Ecuador
4 l- Q# G. o$ M; i s+ w789 Brazil2 a4 d7 D0 e( Q) N
80-83 Italy
4 K$ ?! I1 g! c: J' l; W4 C84 Spain
( g0 Z" ]0 P* w6 N3 \4 S- ]850 Cuba) k, N9 H. M5 e9 m! h/ ?* H
858 Slovakia) ?+ G' a7 B t8 _
859 Czech Republic4 ?, R/ H$ `4 f9 l5 R- q1 M
860 Serbia & Montenegro. A& r6 y; M. w# C( Z6 s$ Y! I% Z
869 Turkey& v+ t" p8 s! ~0 ?6 C! q; o+ ]6 i
87 Netherlands4 J! n* b! k* Z7 Q m
880 South Korea
( K; C' S& F, a885 Thailand, j1 W1 M' c. R- T0 E) R1 |/ V) d% G
888 Singapore9 `4 S& w5 [0 v) y( s5 W
890 India; e2 Y5 m9 W" |
893 Vietnam
' i. _: }- L6 P( n899 Indonesia/ Y" p0 T* B2 l# t+ E6 X
90 -91 Austria
$ p* F, Z7 b* I' S; v0 g3 \* u93 Australia$ N6 G3 A* ]2 i. I* \) L; M
94 New Zealand3 T; Z" T; U. l& r9 \
955 Malaysia0 a8 o1 F( u0 k& Y4 V
958 Macau8 I3 q8 y' S: y! S/ v' {. a
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
" {9 m% A R! D2 ?8 S978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)$ z# \. [% N! y7 o
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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. W( K( o. X! K/ b _4 hMore information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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