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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯: G" C" Q0 r1 F+ m
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。5 r! n$ h |5 ?7 D) V& ]
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!; k2 {# r, _- B% |& n5 f; |' I
' ~8 A( {% U$ |: ?0 O+ j(1) empty suit:
" W( H% ~, e! x* S3 W$ a指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。2 h i% T& ]' s5 r
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
/ M& T! k7 }" }3 @例如:/ G7 \1 }/ W& _: y5 Y: f. f" x
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
( ]2 K2 d; x4 Z2 y2 e(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)+ y8 p( D# V5 i6 Y2 t
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit. Q* s) N+ c- o g+ X! W
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
& Z3 x6 R/ a# g+ S: v5 q虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
4 k! y3 h3 a; |, e/ F9 R1 J0 ]1 jThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
1 b8 U9 X/ ]: H4 b(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)/ C1 }1 n/ l0 v/ @8 P
(2) fair-haired boy:
* P4 W, e1 }# d& W) _, G指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
( A3 D9 G* p) [1 e% D4 z(通常用单数,当名词用)
" k3 y0 R: z: o例如:' U! w& H2 s+ Y1 p; v2 t, g
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
: T$ P! i6 b9 F$ d, S( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
: R$ {* s2 ?8 m( ?, zNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
( V9 p8 I1 Y5 O: d(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)( O/ x" m3 C1 ^2 a4 @. l$ o* X- D
有时也可用复数:
$ U/ G" w; `9 T4 s! z6 ^0 vMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
. X5 y4 E- G v0 u& j( x(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)# T/ f/ }* F# I$ Q ?. K
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
5 V" Q# t5 B& c1 O$ u- q" n(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
3 S! m8 Q& g ~2 M, a(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- `. L6 b& Q: r3 b- N(3) fishing expedition:+ m; F1 b8 L9 i: O
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)$ I A# L1 J0 D0 E
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
' T S: u' }3 k: L0 k例如:
1 s2 w4 @7 `( ?7 [The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
& M8 w0 s1 i* `! A. d) l( ^(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)" j. ~) y- t9 d1 b1 O
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.8 P7 _( N. r. m! k+ j
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
- b7 q' a+ u/ \6 c% _(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
( ?- _8 F+ V. X2 ]' I/ y& G* oThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
: e8 P- h* f% H/ I, V(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
/ a; ]' ?7 j* A) S偶尔也有人用复数:
# X' W: [( C; I9 vSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
0 F6 _! K- R, U8 _1 D2 r+ ](在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
# `/ i' b% u) W9 [4 Y6 J(4) filthy rich:( P: @) ^5 x/ w: I6 m
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)) W; I8 J% b* Y" _# d( ]& k: S
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
6 \; I- i6 M7 l+ k多半当形容词用。例如:8 P, J, ~. H* v0 ] `) [: J( D- b
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
4 o4 R8 A9 B. _( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
) l9 e; \# \" X2 \Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.7 O4 ~4 c7 |1 N$ Y' C
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)$ ]6 z9 S7 p2 z% G m5 E* h1 X9 v
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
- E* `+ N4 E7 r(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
+ f) j- C; P$ p2 }+ }$ ~8 P: zFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 i$ S. y8 O. R. w) m(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)* R3 I3 m% G0 ]3 b
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)/ ^! Z, ]$ z+ @9 W( B3 G
(5) fairy godmother:
' d' v L, F9 {/ q' G指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)/ x* u$ T* @1 k* S
(多半指有钱的女人)
. ?( o6 |. P8 U" G9 K" t. f- x; M(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
: s3 q4 f- n/ T& O" W4 X6 \Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars." v0 H* y( r3 X" } j* G
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)& w7 P- K3 t% S. `
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.2 Y3 U) x" @( w
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)! K4 H0 H" k4 x1 m6 i0 a8 n; O
有时也用复数:
+ L. g, Q- r5 b, Q" ?, i) L* UOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
! B! n' o! {" A" `5 m, l(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)( Q! d: N# c0 f: l+ W
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered." G4 P7 f$ o- q2 u$ ~
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)0 C2 X$ V0 Y+ X4 `( r4 A
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6)eye opener:
" A. n7 C# V* {8 n) _3 o指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
+ F5 @4 a6 b( f6 @ |2 }(当名词用;通常只用单数)! b$ D. p' c, M v: W) g6 c
例如:) G( ?2 r, }4 c2 \$ S* f: H
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." N! S: {' Z4 Q2 q3 t4 h# u
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
( c+ Y2 X& `$ l" U2 QMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.7 N: ~" J! _3 F( Q: U0 `
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
/ F: }- N5 q7 f& I, r4 S% f( @9 BThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
2 u* [4 m& B+ n( o/ ?1 x(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
. N/ L) m: w, |7 [, G4 B: XSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.* {6 q: X9 I: ?
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; Q4 u2 b4 L+ @& H(7) hot dog:
9 c r4 Y1 ~ O指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)% k! q: ]* [' X( E9 M
例如:
! c& ]1 n, F% c+ ?! OSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time./ [5 z& M. x6 }; k
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。); _; s% S/ G( ~9 }: _
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)2 E- O! H' V& @; |
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
. v6 R/ F! a3 `' z6 U; p(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 R* Y J8 f; g8 v" W( t(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
( ^# I+ c2 z1 u$ a/ ]' N7 YDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
5 j" _0 N& a+ N" v(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
1 V3 O4 R# _9 ^, V z$ c8 F5 D也指真正的热狗食物:; V! P: \$ @- T8 S; I" h" e
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
# T- U7 T% c# N0 ?(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
) V5 Y' e1 K; R也可表达欣赏的心情:
+ f% k3 N' {7 E% DHot dog ! What great news for me.
+ T6 C9 F h0 H; }0 o& k$ ]+ y(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
3 |8 z" C6 y j( I, X5 u(8)eager beaver:, T E& q# w& Y1 e- p
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)* J3 H, j7 _4 U: i
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)9 P* W: X( p5 [7 G9 E
(当名词用,可指男女)
0 c8 s; Q- l G例如:
' \5 x9 O. g }( ZJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.4 D& v8 c# X( g2 p0 v1 u
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)$ E4 Q5 a6 X1 Q+ \
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.5 O3 ^5 N, f& q0 B
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)& h, j. ?; Q* K0 S: o& K9 m
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
/ w& l/ o0 W& ~/ d6 f' T(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
# [1 g2 {6 A4 H# T! R, _You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
* Y" x: q) p- z5 Y# m- v2 B6 q(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)9 j" z/ Q; I1 W" \
(9)doubting Thomas:3 A p1 L5 r4 @: Q/ |
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)# v$ W3 ^# B3 h3 l) z* Z: L
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)6 x, ~# Y; f( w, W6 j. B) V* G
(当名词用)2 t. T" Q$ a; x9 G, O8 _ B5 \/ [
例如:0 O1 u9 }: N9 Z$ p" v* @% S
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.8 T. i4 q, ]2 {' H/ Q9 O
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
% f+ j# k ]$ Q4 y9 SThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
9 `0 E+ q( [( Y D7 ^+ J# Y) g(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
' H6 T1 {, k; c也可用复数:
( x. }5 \# Z& O% {$ _2 E- r# }My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
. t5 b+ O( X% u# q+ b(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)& J5 }; d5 g" ]5 m
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
9 G4 H4 W6 V% J/ A$ E' `(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
8 u& V* p- h/ Q: E8 {5 e. U(10)dragon lady:
8 @1 G5 |0 P5 A, K4 S6 H6 K指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
6 d/ z/ [/ W) |; x例如:
8 P8 k' H( h# X, HThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.& g L+ w5 h8 D3 V6 b
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)' P& F( K* \- K. l1 E$ j
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.6 ^" Y E7 }! `% ]( u Y# y# g- m
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
/ e% ^: _0 y: j% K l- `( FShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her? P1 d' l1 H9 p
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?), x$ m; K( @6 J: p3 S8 {0 o) b+ Y7 `
也可用复数:
/ e: q4 q" T9 j3 G4 wThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
0 E$ `& X- a: M' q5 f, E(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
4 D6 ?5 s. j) w% E. w4 `" g注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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