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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯* r6 U0 K: f  R+ Y8 H
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。6 r  D5 J' ~  d) F  S
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!: k3 h# t7 z& }5 V4 n  e

6 V1 k$ P- e  v! X. ~- V(1) empty suit:
/ \  J' D2 R0 a: g6 U) J, b7 u, [指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。% M1 \9 ?% {" f: x
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
8 H# T, Y8 A" v: F. \2 W) B* a例如:3 s; W, s8 ?& W& A$ P
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.7 a# p  T5 S7 Q; G7 Y8 M
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)7 B  M# Z3 J( F- Y2 ^! d+ M
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.4 e8 P& d5 m: n' g7 D1 {2 b8 U5 S
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
; n. |! F" ^1 T+ G0 D" L虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:+ p% V( A/ C* W- R  g
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) P: N9 m4 [" O
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)! d  c7 C* o" H& N
(2) fair-haired boy:% @. G! e2 Z7 E% O6 C
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)4 J3 H% D+ x! m- t
(通常用单数,当名词用)
" E! i4 y: W3 b例如:
, }0 h/ h6 n- o6 rMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
" B9 T4 D% Z& J( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
) R3 b+ U4 {1 d% ?( L0 ?, mNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
# s1 Z& r8 c8 l% ?3 K5 @* o(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
8 k4 A' R* a$ J" ?8 }有时也可用复数:
# }  i+ O/ T* I* H7 ]6 A% D& z6 CMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.7 ?6 |' h% n! m
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
1 O. L( r$ ]4 q* J1 P3 @0 iFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.4 j; F, _) }3 l& F' y- a- [) T
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)* U' t( C3 A  b5 u8 g
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)/ _" R3 W, y0 q* w- K
(3) fishing expedition:
; ?- U" t6 B5 G& h4 e# Y9 n为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
! c# R- D) }4 _(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)% y  O4 w7 I9 K" q+ }
例如:7 _/ x9 P( K9 K! ]4 {2 I% D# N
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.6 @: K' g3 K! ?+ g
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。): p+ @1 S4 f1 s( T4 @2 W& o7 F
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
; i" [5 Q9 s* ^! h; a6 t$ V  A(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
5 J$ A" v! w2 T) H3 M7 A(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
4 u- d* B4 I% ~; |- I( y& vThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.0 _6 f4 M" d0 s2 x
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
& j( s/ v+ i& w1 ]) D4 P偶尔也有人用复数:
) c' v; K' _- h5 W# M5 v8 [Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
$ t! l3 M+ l  C, r' e(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)* c* S# ^& |5 T8 v+ |8 f
(4) filthy rich:; M2 _; M% O8 F$ L
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
8 c: |& W5 ^$ ^& F; R(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
' o& i3 ^3 L& @1 t8 w多半当形容词用。例如:6 C6 @# a% y" `4 V* [$ E
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
. M) W! |0 _. ~" C( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 N- ^9 S4 a$ M1 `% A2 }( z/ JDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.- C$ J; x1 B, H3 v; j; W
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)5 j* W# E9 [7 d2 Q, n9 G) }! _
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
* M3 `3 f! ~) k6 ~$ e$ o; j(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)' v0 C1 O: j* k9 j* `" k/ d
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 L1 x- t9 H7 n* H  g) O# y(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)5 U# C, m1 s- Q! F  V$ I" ^- W
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
- U/ u( f2 ^2 b  w8 M(5) fairy godmother:
8 `/ v3 g8 Q" u! b3 R7 p% S) D指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)$ V. i" ^3 Y4 C7 ~% }% D# X7 |: u
(多半指有钱的女人)
& @$ z7 ~' s" v# q, d(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 a  D0 \% V& g! Y' S
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
6 L3 S3 Q7 G0 {5 H) s5 i$ }- x(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)4 Y! C/ Q4 T0 ~: b, e0 R  G  S
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.* b0 l8 r- m7 J8 l
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
: I% ?; m  K/ I" W  _3 {有时也用复数:
& t( c& i+ w8 v; sOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
- Z6 Q& t6 L0 A8 ~3 u0 D(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
) t  I/ b' X6 T  CIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.* ]' D, ^$ ~9 |
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)2 _% a0 \5 [2 x! Z# \
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6)eye opener:/ g2 C1 V+ ]3 g* g1 v0 Z
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
7 b* E. M+ i" L" I1 C0 F(当名词用;通常只用单数)
* m, ^4 v. T, M! J4 `+ i; q+ b例如:( ^; M" u( A$ A- L, M4 G2 R' ^# P
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& ]* x6 G% p9 {' a' w
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)1 N+ Q7 c; R4 n1 b
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.% \- r8 W. q2 S/ b! z1 W
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
! L1 C; x+ ^& `, l  qThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
! x+ v  C% G- Y: P(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)8 ]+ G- N/ W# ~4 ?
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.4 P% B4 [( B9 [* ^! I7 C" Y
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)# {- O5 O% a; H% L. P
(7) hot dog:
9 ]! \! L# p2 q% ~% v) q指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
; o4 g; g& ^" M$ |( ~/ k2 n3 n例如:! r2 w. v9 H6 u! @5 z
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
# p; f8 ]- z' A1 k, C(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)3 d8 l: X1 Q' E' }. R
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# z' e; t6 M. y+ f; V7 e) _In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
; k8 n  G& ?: C3 J1 q& c( W(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)- A  `8 q  [1 l
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)9 a2 T) x% z1 s1 d3 ~4 \
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
7 [+ |0 i, b, _" b8 L6 O1 e( ~(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
- E9 X. k2 y! f也指真正的热狗食物:
; o. |7 P4 j4 |; }8 ^5 h! T7 ^7 CThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.8 V6 o3 [$ b. U) a/ D- i1 Q
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). S6 t3 m& R# y' I
也可表达欣赏的心情:" v7 P2 W4 j  M: p
Hot dog ! What great news for me.1 c0 \+ f1 ?3 @6 H
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)% I* z2 n& j9 v1 M3 U, B+ U$ h* K
(8)eager beaver:
& \9 V: ]5 @% S2 x3 P4 N/ \指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! M& k% P( m% v5 t  b(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。), @7 B* b: M5 d+ l* s+ Z) D8 ~
(当名词用,可指男女)  M7 N1 F' [! [4 j. H$ s
例如:
4 f9 S4 e$ W) k; K% Q  g9 bJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.. C) D5 q  t3 v
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
* G; F3 A2 w% f% }; i, L! kBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
7 [; y! K: c5 I- Y8 r(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
  A" \. t7 d9 g7 sDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?- `. ^  o9 q% H3 n
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
7 ?6 g5 X8 c5 `( Q! W; V! lYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.8 D$ f( ]3 _0 N; T/ _1 E+ d2 J
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
6 z/ p$ p2 }: E" u" ]6 [9 m(9)doubting Thomas:
4 P7 U  Q3 e! c! v这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)+ [" J) ]. M9 H! O+ N7 m! q1 l! b
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
) E4 Q0 \& L3 a% f' Y( b(当名词用)
& i8 |) u2 N7 `' `例如:7 w- Y6 V% u8 O
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.+ [" N2 f2 e/ f0 T+ I% ?) I* n2 U
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)  O& L6 ?! y% _8 T4 A. b3 e/ m! y
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.& W6 F3 x. t. x* n! b5 D
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
* X; F& X; a) e2 e也可用复数:9 M, n2 i* z+ m  j& j9 g+ K
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.2 J# D( }2 H4 v! v4 Y
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)3 l  Y& z( w* P9 D- M" |! M. @6 d
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.$ D4 c8 g! S4 e0 b$ V
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
. f; z8 u$ C* ^  }, E(10)dragon lady:: m2 [$ ?2 z5 c$ w
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
9 E( W7 \4 Y6 A5 Y1 W. g# Y例如:: x1 l; Y) S9 i! W
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
# y8 B% V# R6 `(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)( ?  B9 K, ?5 j# M: }
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
0 K8 i2 E; G& C9 ]0 g(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。), H. x& h1 L) B' K
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?1 ]# C, @: L7 p& U' ~+ [  i
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
( ^4 X& Q2 Z' L5 Q也可用复数:
2 I( ~- ?" n: V: x) `/ EThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
5 C9 J+ r. n  B( E! ]3 p: ](在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
* T$ O) A" H5 w  R0 z2 u3 C0 W* O注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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