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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯3 v- r2 g4 o9 F0 J
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。7 C5 p* O. w6 M: F0 {
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!! K4 D- ^7 U; |1 h+ D4 {) M6 T8 }

  {' l1 y8 i( r6 d9 Z- u(1) empty suit:
2 N5 S/ n8 z2 P% l; z指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
# [- _. X/ X/ ~  P* U( H# k(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
( |3 M) o& B8 \2 W( v5 }8 n/ W例如:2 z. P5 {1 M& q5 u$ z. e
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.% [5 n6 E6 @0 J7 _
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)* c. B' R: ~0 @, k" a9 E
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.( o9 w- Z9 x; B: F" j9 s
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
3 w; [9 M* h( R# E5 g( b虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
' \  w2 J3 I8 ^. y. b* M" jThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
6 m( P: T# i& _3 c: l6 {! o(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)/ o: t# x$ M! h
(2) fair-haired boy:  A, u0 j7 f+ I7 m
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
" `$ W. p( u7 I+ x(通常用单数,当名词用)
- [! J; i8 n! t; k0 t$ j/ h7 Y7 S例如:
4 D  M4 q, J( EMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent." M  u. ]9 Z6 {7 n
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
' N7 q  v) k" y# ^) I: INot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.+ c) a: r! e! K( z+ g# e# D
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
/ D7 w  Q$ N1 x( H" Y/ V有时也可用复数:
) u6 s; E/ i. y. {Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.. @1 ~4 G& D# L6 O7 X2 R
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
& ^' Q$ ~9 e+ `1 e: q4 F$ o& v% eFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
7 e5 W4 V# Z, T) c. K(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
/ n# c3 q# d& b7 M% ~; S4 T(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
; D6 K2 B- T- n4 R(3) fishing expedition:8 B) U$ q' V! {3 d6 w$ _% E: c$ V+ s
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)$ M, A; G) s% A6 s5 J
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)6 Z5 i; n: ]. \& R* f; p
例如:7 d6 c, Q4 c: s4 G; O+ i4 e
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him., I+ ]! b; j: |
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
) G4 U: O3 G6 A, V" F1 AThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
# I  s- k2 m' Q, z1 @(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)2 a. j0 l6 t4 A8 a# O
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict); H/ z; Q- q3 m6 r8 }
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
3 |  f  v0 u' I& d, n(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
; ?+ Y$ e$ ^  J" d偶尔也有人用复数:
) r" a% W: X9 k' iSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.0 Y% Z- H( f% B! n' |: \% W
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)7 i9 H  z2 |4 E7 n
(4) filthy rich:
; f1 o  ]5 |$ w9 j; f( X  N! C意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
1 ]4 u$ i+ M1 b8 {(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
( }4 Q8 b- K' E' a# Y7 |多半当形容词用。例如:
' H8 k, o6 B' [With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich./ ~- y0 C. i2 \- A/ F9 _% h  y8 I! n. R1 }
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
0 V( ]. E9 e7 S0 ^8 xDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
" t) i9 p( S+ M(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
9 V( k; v! v( K$ P% c6 v2 yA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
! X* P# Z0 n+ B% j(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)5 L1 y9 S4 H9 R1 C- J
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.5 E( h$ r$ D3 {% y5 ~6 F
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
8 f" ?& Y$ ~8 S  y(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)& Z+ W  E8 Q, ]& e; V! s
(5) fairy godmother:
3 v! x' k  a0 W7 h3 N# q指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
9 D# k& a* W" l(多半指有钱的女人)
; z" K! T1 j5 N6 C+ M8 E- ^( k(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
0 r+ z- U  m' w* t7 c3 ~# L# WMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
2 G0 H. E2 D, Q- y& a4 Z$ f(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)1 y; K$ l) G6 a& E
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
; k2 W- F+ U2 F4 e! _(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)) x  p4 \0 y) g8 W! O+ Y
有时也用复数:
* j8 P$ V$ l+ L+ sOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
1 d6 z1 f/ m/ B; ~+ o7 S4 V(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
6 A/ f' k) r/ F! Y3 \In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
+ C- n. K# q8 E' Z7 z* u(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)$ R- S* f  t, R. ~+ q% Y4 m

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+ K4 ]2 F% |  e, Q  Q7 v: W$ w6)eye opener:9 B% n7 C" _' ^  \: M1 }- B, [
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
/ ~& U" Z6 _# c' a0 S% ?(当名词用;通常只用单数)
2 L- o8 M, U7 _例如:
9 R" T2 H" K" L. l1 U3 oYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
# e' Z, I9 b1 R) M(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
1 k3 ]! h4 ]/ S' }8 {+ RMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
4 w! a1 ~' s- f; v5 r. |! \(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' a# |- v. I2 f6 i/ Y- f  mThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
, {: }4 Q7 z6 ?% T. m6 @(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)* V6 h" P3 r$ K! @& c$ E: e
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
4 }, \0 N# e8 \' s+ h1 ](美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)  k0 C* \4 K' {5 Z
(7) hot dog:; a; A2 J' v3 P
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
( ^+ n+ {  r4 J8 e2 m* q1 h例如:
8 a0 U. j% m! R2 F/ jSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
' j$ a3 \# V$ H6 s! B8 ]; ~(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)7 u/ y; u4 {" P" k" A; t
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ |  v" W7 c8 y9 R5 ~! {In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
1 T2 S* E6 t0 @2 i1 _  G  V(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
6 F* S5 v9 u2 r4 o(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)! j- m! p+ C' f$ f. o' s
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
2 z7 N- r+ h3 S/ ?(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)9 U# Y* ^2 X1 S) N; B( e$ I
也指真正的热狗食物:
5 h4 B+ z# W' [0 C& _The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.7 p8 o5 ?0 K1 d. s
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
! e: v& O/ U+ C6 k也可表达欣赏的心情:1 {. J' ~& `( ~8 T* K% L, n% f
Hot dog ! What great news for me.9 G) G2 c, @" u6 q5 `
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)9 z  t9 _5 t% h8 h8 w6 v& d" \0 [
(8)eager beaver:. b7 n- E. {+ x& w6 \3 j! g% M& a
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 ]3 B5 b8 ]2 s# v& ^* Q(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)$ R6 M7 D, `4 z, C+ e0 H
(当名词用,可指男女)
* r3 u# _' @: U- ~# n例如:
1 m; _* I1 }# I1 f0 ^9 d- UJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
$ M. b0 e9 V! F4 h" I- e) C& a% G(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
9 u1 Z5 p2 @2 LBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.* @4 Z  s* y4 Y! ^& @6 L/ `' l1 T4 A
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
# V) @' N! o. S" sDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
2 d# I; w! }3 W: D# i/ h- v(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
% r/ C) W3 m3 r9 ]/ hYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.# h2 u* ]! k' \2 k& b1 P
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
& c: y. M2 q- G/ o# j$ y* x(9)doubting Thomas:
6 T, |+ m5 `/ `) b9 f- h7 j这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)6 E" Z7 G/ y% D/ ~: q1 n
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)2 W0 w% ^9 K$ K; l
(当名词用)3 ]: O; R- j$ [9 B$ t
例如:
& S  U0 j. ?: s  b( yI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.* j  X: C( b( d  R2 M! R& ~
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。); e8 V/ [  F' z& M& \& {* H3 m
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
4 g4 n" f8 H+ w6 o. f  v(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
" w( ^  \: M3 D9 `: J" d( P- E也可用复数:% F# \/ r- P% k9 |8 p: |$ q# @
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.( c" o" V( F6 L9 `1 b! ]6 h
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)0 J, F9 q. T; G* n
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.$ J- z2 q1 C: t3 Q" i
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)+ n- Q# W1 o" ^3 ]2 a$ \8 M
(10)dragon lady:. O4 O2 z0 F% A% i1 k
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)2 G$ M* v: x3 K$ o
例如:
- d' s% `; c8 _5 G2 W+ AThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
* ^# o4 C+ L9 ~4 p- s) w(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
8 @. g7 V: s7 a& @% Y/ jI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.! W8 p4 C9 \0 e. r0 v$ n+ x$ ?
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。), ^1 \, V4 ]+ C* b  c* u& U
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?0 H/ \3 F4 Y( R  q2 R9 J# c6 i& {; F
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)4 j7 Z0 x, w7 J. p0 U% j
也可用复数:
* p- D& y9 r0 G2 B1 W; [5 o0 qThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.5 ?" V& c0 n2 }  E
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
5 l3 A9 D! Y" `! c. e( f* q( b% P注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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