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How to figure a home's fundamental value
2 J+ P5 E/ s. z0 {3 M% w# RLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.! \" X, ~/ y4 a# r) A; B
3 j9 I j- q q, kNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.3 C; N0 z& }( N4 I! `4 E6 g" S3 G3 ?8 h
[$ F* g, ^1 [# `3 Y8 @- ALeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.8 f y( C0 ^7 o0 H u8 @, A
, t% v4 p. F, fTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:) J0 u% v' C4 _2 J3 a! M2 z
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.+ {7 N- s+ b7 K0 R7 Z7 Q
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
- P9 Z) u1 `- P. Y+ I) L0 xSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
3 j7 K$ V+ Y! I7 NNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.+ l* ~8 E& G0 O
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming. T2 C' U$ C1 I6 }9 s* a" V7 ?( x
k9 j$ V: [# {If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.7 ^1 v0 P2 \5 ^. Y6 d/ Z( Y0 a
6 Q W' X+ Q( G Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 5 @2 n, ~2 V6 c1 N7 W& A
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
7 s1 V2 f5 K( c0 TBoston 20.5 30.2
* r4 w6 Y1 ^3 Q2 [9 v; pSan Diego 22.8 29.7 , v- m, \# b6 Z' k' U) }. j* R
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
9 g& o& m2 f4 t3 u# l$ VLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
; k: Z8 {6 n% KSeattle 20.4 25 - P+ Y! [7 T+ s; v( P) }# c
Denver 17.7 23.7 9 |+ n9 n# ]$ G2 o! y: X; N
New York 21.2 22.5
0 L6 r2 g: N5 }* d" g- iChicago 17.2 20.8
& O* F. i3 `: y' T" x" pWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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% S( X% V9 i7 t$ V+ _- ^. j" p; eIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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