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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - D8 Q9 c, B' K4 y
+ j b7 P7 B$ J) \! t; z- nhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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/ A9 K; U9 A; P. K. \John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China! G: u1 a7 i# R: r5 Q6 L6 e
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& G0 U) r0 f6 |6 P! T+ kFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.1 H* B+ R* _+ i8 T6 }# D$ Y/ C
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
( {' x% z$ ~6 T( ^Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.9 g8 @2 U! P6 x! Q4 p, B4 k( |
: J% r$ {9 ^# \( x1 n9 M) u! Y! PSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .8 ^! F7 t. Y0 t+ d. d# M" x
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018& v1 w S# V( E8 i: l! u: e
Published online 26 January 2018
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4 `! }1 e3 ^0 f2 iAbstract
0 F& Z2 Z, @, z& SJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
/ R- b# Q4 \+ _+ W* t, H& RDynasty who came to China and was employed by The- v' g! `/ D" r. \
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
0 I4 K. ?6 ~% S$ m' j' uengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
2 G5 Y7 K2 \) [; m5 R! fonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
6 ~3 m! P4 E9 l6 }" y% c) Rworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly& w1 y0 f9 s5 `* D$ u9 t7 D
to the standardization of the scientific terminology" H I' Q% \$ o h9 _8 @9 a
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
; K3 @6 B3 N& m. a7 H1 J" c' V! ~+ I" Ascientific translation practice and his translation ideas,4 z C- p# A; B8 T$ ] Y0 u5 d9 X
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the9 n0 |. a* v6 k! z. V# K+ x
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
0 O, N7 _4 q, [. c# {$ Xin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien/ Q6 P( D& ~6 ?
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, ~7 N1 r8 `" c/ ^# e/ I& O! _& yof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring* d3 C5 z& D+ i% ^& N
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way; r3 b5 l8 W, B# @1 a) H9 j" d- Q
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
* n8 D7 r8 i; J/ `* |2 uthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
, e) f/ j* t% M( ggreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
9 X' |) B+ n7 F0 Q& c; Yterminology.2 b5 G4 B9 ?2 h R( \
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
5 {/ d% e6 ?8 k: Y% t5 N; P5 T! nStandardization of terminology translation
0 F6 F1 J* w# m. ^/ \! nYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
- g, @7 p3 u/ s- c, _4 D) pStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern8 `; K9 v/ i$ f% [$ b& ^! Z
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
3 G. K$ w" V& ~6 K5 Sfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
T4 Y+ n7 s2 a, rDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION, Y0 ]) T. m$ Q: H
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and6 z* \4 t e4 e0 p. U- u- `! x) W
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
- }8 i' f. c( A5 I3 N6 dDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
- I+ T+ k: @7 K5 D6 o. z; n4 EHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of1 K5 O# h" x. F8 g: V! g3 |9 q4 j
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed7 q! R; k$ _# U5 e! o
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 _" C+ e! z. c Fan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
2 }5 c$ z5 V/ N3 v- E8 s2 ?his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
* |' g g9 @( B4 o1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
2 L- C( H6 e4 C8 X- D2 a- @: fworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,% Z7 E9 a' K0 _! s0 I
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.8 b1 N# Z7 K$ k, F4 z& i- @. u) P
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
7 C* Q8 d O7 n' R% E' Eto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant. I& L& t3 k$ i3 d
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
% |3 G' h3 Z( {% d! orevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
' |/ k0 \' h; S( W2 U* V* IFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
" S9 A! | X7 }* I p0 V$ X( qbooks that made him the most productive one among the% I, `# C4 s5 L$ B) @& a8 k$ o0 }
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
6 ?) ^ N" X( S* g2 n" ?translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
$ R; n8 S- K {$ q9 V% qnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
; b9 Q: c; [# d7 G: _2 E6 v: o9 bpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
: \0 `/ }, r: F+ T8 JIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer Y+ _+ H4 C5 i) t- g
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western3 z( ~4 m, p: {- P0 Y9 l
science and the standardization of translated scientific
9 o) f1 J G' L' F6 A% ?. }terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific, R7 M, ?, k" _4 v' W
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
; n- B1 \! t$ o' Gestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
# N) B8 \' d2 D" tcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series. q; H ^" \8 U; f/ g" Z
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
2 s! L _& z$ @4 XModern China.7 h; }% T1 L: ^- v% Z
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published! i: g5 Z5 J, i$ b1 C' e" {
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of+ L; S5 u# W' J
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
: t/ l p; A- Ka lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In7 ^/ c1 K5 K6 S8 G/ P
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and f* K7 d. S% i+ {2 y. \
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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