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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106880 M. z2 R/ |5 A: h8 S/ w% n
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China! q5 ~* Z( ?( E% m0 \
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& A$ u* S6 v+ `& E" K }7 {Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.# U: o, I+ ?& N" F, [
+ v: p6 x9 @: g: b
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" I5 ^! |' }& f" ?6 y4 L
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
- J' n! G0 K. {9 l
6 q- z5 [ _. W# u3 h* cSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
1 ]5 J8 X# u P$ bReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
9 s2 T8 o5 w2 p9 r2 ^; VPublished online 26 January 2018& B& `- ?4 Q% K3 P' G8 x: j. `
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Abstract1 k) w7 f9 S& \; \8 w5 E8 C' z. k
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
7 _: j; L% y. [ {0 x5 k( \+ JDynasty who came to China and was employed by The) f" ?0 h) }: B+ _0 [
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been' j. J0 G" R, P. s
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not7 { n! f5 Z# N$ X. u d; p' L4 b. L
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific9 v0 k* n. c: d" {- [# z6 N
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
$ t- I" {# ~8 b4 Zto the standardization of the scientific terminology
1 b; u* \# {8 W% b. y- t! ktranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s- C9 J# k" P) {0 h3 [
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
' j. L& M2 f( i+ }: Rand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
5 X$ \( o/ G9 c* V7 @6 Fstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
3 a5 o7 |2 `2 c: X. b- gin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien" |5 E" E+ ^: }; o \- o7 l
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
8 f: H) D/ N3 B+ w" T+ f# |of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring$ }' ]3 P3 [6 ^) a
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 F) g, [0 i' l* F: m [1 u8 hfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and, d0 S% ]5 h) J- h8 n# e
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
1 B, m/ a( q$ y. R( T. `( }7 ngreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
& d o8 q+ M, u: @" fterminology.
) Q0 _, c. t2 _1 yKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
5 a v3 V" U! ZStandardization of terminology translation
1 u* ~! P# Q; `9 Q0 \Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 p Z, U! s, n8 W) U \
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern3 ]; ?3 L3 b( b0 K2 c9 A& u
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
& P: {4 E9 w. s m/ U4 `from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102133 r; ]5 H' d# V: J( r. W
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213( P& }+ n2 n2 O
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7 d# v' ^1 b/ o$ V0 RINTRODUCTION
# @# I. S& C; j" A& eJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
) _' E* ~; k5 g& r: C8 e5 P' x: \9 Na great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).0 U) k3 d1 W+ m3 A
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to7 D9 C" Q# r' i4 S) Y1 V$ }, i- c
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
- N7 J$ j' {0 Z: L* G: BSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed1 C: K% I5 t m7 y
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as X* c& |. H) ?* d8 @6 {& G
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
2 ^! S% H) P6 M0 G9 {$ Rhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-0 K2 B1 j2 A1 `- q
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
' y+ a' G9 P3 kworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,& i. q5 s' w9 F: e/ `1 z
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.& O6 t- a5 p8 O; e0 E) I/ J Z4 z
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
' f5 J% z7 K* j! D& @% Ito him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
" m; ^( a2 l$ bwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
) e# _* ?5 ?/ grevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
9 W2 Q8 i4 s2 [- p. uFryer translated more than one hundred of Western4 p' o6 w0 a3 `( P' Y
books that made him the most productive one among the/ C2 H; K. B t) Z1 l: i3 o# p3 j
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
4 m: @8 R3 w, [" Atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
& v G+ n" V) K/ H snoble work which could help accelerate the process of- F1 {9 ~% v0 Y- i
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).+ B( e% k9 c8 H
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
7 M4 E1 G M$ ^. Z: n4 e) Lalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
# D2 `: ?3 z. t0 w' [4 l! hscience and the standardization of translated scientific
3 v2 y/ I* `( @1 M2 Y" ~terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific; n f: F! a6 b4 v" D
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the: Z$ b5 n, r9 I% M+ q6 R
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
& n, i% ^" }! I2 r8 S" wcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
% V, S/ F; S+ Dof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in" M5 _5 O% |& ?; K! R6 }
Modern China.& |9 {4 g( T) _8 p( C
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published5 d- C* e; E" A4 y
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
$ W! c% g: j( G9 p( R, S- N! _travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
' d. P* x c0 J# ba lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In$ N# H+ s J2 u: @( Q8 J) z, F
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
0 W6 F8 P2 _( K+ g: r- E' hTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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