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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688+ _1 m$ m/ f$ U g- S
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
8 u9 @& T2 n3 b/ T9 Z6 mYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
( \! t1 Z }. ~' j2 }- WFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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9 ~ x0 a1 w1 y: _- t# PLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 R# V* W) w% m3 j4 `Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& O" e) e% v2 E- f+ }
8 Q- P4 E' Y$ |( cSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .' }. Q; [2 |+ _, {7 a' D% p/ t
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018- ^: D) Q( O9 T3 o# ^( R/ l
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract! f2 O& [ ^0 N5 A# n
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing" g+ ?, ?5 Y9 K( h- q
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The& R( [8 o+ L% N1 G
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
$ v g( ^4 g$ I v$ dengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 f$ d7 \) r6 t3 j0 Wonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
& P4 d' Z+ U4 c- a& y: m$ h$ A* ^works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% c6 i7 [& s! d
to the standardization of the scientific terminology5 }# T4 O3 o' |0 ^# e9 h+ p5 S
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
% q4 Q6 E& r4 r' ~8 Qscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,$ r0 u. }; u( E. J
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the( x. U! k( R( C" d4 B8 t
standardization of the scientific terminology translation( u" b, s3 N4 f$ p" F
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien' \ T1 f; Z; y! s6 A
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
: _! `6 L- b. m0 pof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring% j0 Q* m4 \, N3 x. Z
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
: F% U* I; `' m' hfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
- g' [) t7 o3 P. i& xthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a0 a) k k5 s5 m. `7 a
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific6 y( n; W5 J, c+ |
terminology.+ n6 t$ ^+ \. ~, W
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
# E) f6 _6 D, mStandardization of terminology translation
[1 @2 u& a5 }! ?Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
' R7 O; i* ]( \+ S' X8 @& ?Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern/ N; ~# i3 p3 G; V$ s
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available n! L, ^. g) W6 I, i
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102136 d# g" d' m p% A E
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213! e/ v/ T' M9 k, Y
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INTRODUCTION; g# g/ b, v) ^* W3 h% h
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and6 J1 ~5 n/ [2 R* O
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
" h6 S5 K6 \& vDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to# r8 D4 T! R$ t, C5 R8 V5 x
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of1 r, e) M. X& R6 @$ b
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed# z0 `3 `! B8 W7 N8 k6 r
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& w& z, U9 M0 t1 \1 ^
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
8 v; i! r0 Z! l7 This job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
8 G" F r9 g0 F$ I. D1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific# _, v+ g: B$ y; m/ y4 T
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,; J: f! s. d. v- P9 Z
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
1 J/ H' v* X i) O0 l/ k* d( o: lNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
# O/ J2 [8 v) [0 @* \- M# B" Gto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant! Q4 a: v; `" J% }& V, K! x
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,7 X( t- g) A7 j9 F: k/ n
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,- A5 o8 V; H3 i$ D$ c3 m8 l
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
: w H- p" |. K( G& V3 G9 X" Fbooks that made him the most productive one among the. u. n& Y5 ^- p; i
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
* V5 e: }% q* G" f$ G: Ttranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a1 I9 x. |; \5 m! a0 f: e/ n+ |
noble work which could help accelerate the process of$ |3 ~3 `; q3 R! D: E- [
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
9 Y) A. E7 o5 \0 `3 y5 dIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer6 o9 X8 p9 f/ a, T$ d% K
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western5 ]7 h y% }' A/ f! \& Z. V; o) O
science and the standardization of translated scientific
5 f7 ]6 a0 j6 q `9 ]# E) fterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
t2 g& \" O8 s1 vmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the, B7 V; g9 C7 ^1 C0 \# B
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another! c9 z- R$ G6 R1 k6 l
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series+ X0 h0 X# z2 y2 ?! r, {% ~5 L2 P
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in! J3 i% X0 ^3 B1 _5 w
Modern China.
; h1 |& Y6 |' V* r* {/ tAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
% k+ Z: f& r7 J' PThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of& S2 ]9 o: g$ t x' W- K
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
% e4 H/ t/ x8 X, M& L Xa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
! t5 T% ]2 j0 q" B" fJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and7 s4 g1 G) `* G8 K. L5 Y
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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