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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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3 I9 x" q9 x' p- ~% Phttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; H1 r% Y+ P) m
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
# S. V0 l* b2 v |, u! jYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 h* I6 t; V- L' UFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 A. I0 [( u0 v g0 M- ~6 X$ l! ]5 x* Z {0 a/ [
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
8 _. {& G0 J. u3 c i( yFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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# j' d9 h7 C3 G. y& H+ h. ZSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
: l6 j2 A0 U* e1 }" fReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
7 e; m- h+ p4 X+ P) ~Published online 26 January 2018
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, Z$ p9 ? P: p# {( b9 z- {Abstract
3 {+ n" R( d8 q/ Z4 M4 KJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing. L, k( e& o; ?9 E( c; }. f f+ R
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The$ @6 D, R* f4 r; o- f X- T4 [
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
& u; `# j l( ~engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not5 B7 C3 z! J0 C
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific: k$ G3 H" l Z- O, {, i; ^/ j
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly6 F4 P/ X' w( I. g
to the standardization of the scientific terminology2 N+ X2 z* a- c
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! `* G: Q a1 t2 x; t
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,- r* O$ O+ x$ Q% T9 K4 r: F
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
G' E2 K9 G% E6 [& u( z, N. Dstandardization of the scientific terminology translation0 T z1 y4 Z, t/ f n4 ^
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien' f% J) `, O6 |9 ?: s2 o
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
& q' w1 @ }9 }& ^1 I2 V/ I" [1 z6 ]of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. N! I. E/ L3 U4 z3 x& }( ^! ~
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way$ d( Q3 Y5 N, w; o+ x
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
+ I* n+ T x9 W+ uthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a }* I) k/ ?, P: t2 s& c$ z" Q) D; w
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific8 I) }( [+ v$ f" G7 R" }$ D
terminology.8 W" p9 ~$ S$ T6 W# d7 z6 U
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;5 ~& E4 c9 S/ r+ F6 i' N0 B. `* _$ A0 s
Standardization of terminology translation2 q' p$ V6 T. K/ v4 f5 c
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to' i; C* e; m. @
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern( q4 n" N7 [# {9 D
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available7 A, a4 d$ I/ k8 D* D
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213) _( `9 y$ i- E" j b/ g$ B
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213) H8 {/ d& k$ k
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INTRODUCTION. M. [$ K T: \0 a% B5 t
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
5 g& Z3 u. u [1 Za great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).7 M: C) d. Z& f: L H; A3 c
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
, y& H' T' n( `7 Y7 zHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
' q) ~5 r: D6 lSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
: l! l3 |; ~9 G% K2 P1 c- g: `4 J* @by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
& i6 S1 P( @' Nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on% R3 T2 I# L/ ]) ]* `, M
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
/ W2 s. h' Y; v1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific$ A, X0 `2 K' L3 k+ S$ o# y. g
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
" e" B4 N5 E" k& V5 J* x! yFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
( `# {2 g2 T: [/ g! f, T' Y% JNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
+ M" X; u2 D4 Qto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
3 Y) |+ T& }1 R) S: {, ewould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,2 H) L: f' c- m3 s6 e8 ]
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means, W* |0 B7 _/ ^: d
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
* x$ \+ \9 C% q! R7 f6 V+ v9 r. {books that made him the most productive one among the
' L" C- A5 J3 m- x0 B) uforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,+ i: s" ?) q, o! E9 F, ~& ]: r
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
0 P" ? P1 F+ F- Rnoble work which could help accelerate the process of' \! v; j1 V4 K5 t/ f7 R
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).5 M" v' h1 @* h/ R* c7 o4 T
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
V3 N. H0 ?5 V/ f% y7 A' ~% v' Malso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western4 f5 d6 e2 k: k! V2 n
science and the standardization of translated scientific7 F( N) \. i9 ^& v; y- X9 O
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific" ^- s: o% T' f3 r) f" ^
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the2 I1 w7 p7 f$ q1 e+ ~" u8 H
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
( c$ W3 _2 W( d+ G7 R, Gcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
, y- O! H' Q% B0 U3 ?6 k; b/ r6 Eof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in4 d; }3 J7 W8 j' h& |6 Z
Modern China.- d" Y( D- [! q8 \
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
: Z3 b, g7 {# d Q9 [The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of7 G9 k7 O! y5 _0 s* T
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing( q( `, [% L( a$ f! Q
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
: B j# v/ }& z; l/ q( \( q1 ]John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
4 y' h# t" R& F2 e0 G) d0 {Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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