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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 , k* ]6 k# t2 i. E5 W4 I
2 T7 a' u. O$ f9 Ehttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, x( [6 H! h1 p6 m* l1 xYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 V0 t; w Q+ D/ p9 j
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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: M. d& f ]9 n: y5 [7 h8 `LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 ]4 ^8 s* u7 W/ e
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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$ J% O! @, w) o d8 _' ~Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
$ H N3 k* l d* Y' D, a6 U3 L# j4 vReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20180 B% ?5 T1 A3 \3 O; l/ w' D
Published online 26 January 2018
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7 ]- Y ?4 B7 m' a* UAbstract ]8 f( g U, F% g( o/ A5 ]% U) C
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing# x$ d: q) [6 T9 j- \+ A. i! @. A
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
3 x9 l z$ X5 e; n) CTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
! x$ R7 a) N% R/ u J- o# \engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not& E- c; ?3 I' [: {6 n
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
8 G A( u! Y, Vworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
$ ~( j5 }9 w; w9 P: ]to the standardization of the scientific terminology
, B2 {, ^+ f- }- p& ^translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s ]+ N" N& J3 Z, O
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 O0 W9 a) X! f; Q0 kand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
- @, W7 t9 ^6 P: f8 y2 Rstandardization of the scientific terminology translation) Q6 |: S7 {( S7 H* @
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien0 @1 A3 f I4 N5 E) _. |3 F, Q
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
2 n1 j J' \ j3 H0 [. Gof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring) \$ {8 r' H3 U
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
. {6 t$ B0 I! o% V2 jfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and4 b. u( E' }% ]" M3 ], Z
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
2 K9 b$ {1 ?4 G. ^7 T2 |" | tgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
6 H8 t0 {/ c1 l2 z; Z/ wterminology.5 A" r9 N3 s( A) o$ r, z. S
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
: o- T+ A2 z3 `8 P. ?! o+ h$ wStandardization of terminology translation
6 l( d0 @/ [; G8 {" L8 cYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 c( u- d8 B {2 g: ^1 b* m
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
1 V: b& s, d$ z, `' R5 bChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available* z0 Y# v, a7 A: V. j8 ^- S' H9 V
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
# Q1 j* I# z- o% jDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102133 _- S2 T" [, B! b
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INTRODUCTION) P7 p- C f3 |: @% B3 ^- y% M
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and5 a3 d) u5 o: R( \- P/ I
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).! X# q- ^5 ]2 \; t4 [$ \) K" y' B( o
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
4 V: l: u! i+ P) _; r; Y/ o* K8 lHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
9 D' R) j% [% tSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
/ ~3 j& _' V! u6 S$ Qby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; j ^6 U1 T* U V0 N; j d
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
( A: I- u5 f: n I) e) Zhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
) |! S3 A5 X8 ~$ ^. U' X! ~( S6 H$ N1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific9 ? S4 a2 h% ^3 a% B# u. s
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," _6 u9 _# j2 {6 m, B
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
( e0 @8 j' H6 r) }+ cNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
, E: e, R6 v- sto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
8 W x4 V# d, F1 Nwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
! C' d( s4 H5 f8 C6 frevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ P7 x3 t5 l' s4 P4 J: x2 e ^* iFryer translated more than one hundred of Western0 k) ~: A- o+ G
books that made him the most productive one among the; }2 n( D4 W, g4 ? [- T$ l$ B* |
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,6 U, R4 P; c: L: B0 C5 c+ Q
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
. c1 L- H# `1 w5 z8 N/ _; U- }) Pnoble work which could help accelerate the process of/ ~2 ~( d8 H' t
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)." Z& P' o3 u, w) u
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer: d9 i" K2 ^8 B7 U" b
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western2 G# l) x, |; d3 u& n, A
science and the standardization of translated scientific( C) ]4 t2 j# U S, R* @3 X
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific# w& v! W# |3 w
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the6 ~$ l2 z4 Y) A! I' P/ K+ e
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another9 Z. m9 i u* S4 c
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
8 E7 J' j% v4 B+ Y; N* kof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in* `( g3 Q6 C' Z. W( g
Modern China.
0 ]3 x9 u/ k, Q. |An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published# t' C; t2 Z3 U0 l% o, T
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of3 n) M" a2 r; D# D
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
. {- h1 w, p+ J, La lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
- b0 F) j6 Z: J. @+ o$ h& _1 LJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
+ g8 o: P% O, s$ LTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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