送小孩去daycare有助预防白血病

如花

Study shows daycare may protect kids from leukemia
Tue Apr 29, 2008 12:37am BST
3 x- c; k8 {/ q" V/ B8 _By Michael Kahn
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9 t5 S9 c0 F$ J4 W) E+ ALONDON (Reuters) - Sending children to day-care at an early age could protect them against leukemia, perhaps by exposing them to certain infections, U.S. researchers said on Tuesday.
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2 J, ~5 ~% h- k1 u& {- ?Their analysis presented at a conference in London showed that children who attended daycare or playgroups have a 30 percent lower risk of developing the most common form of childhood leukemia compared to those who do not.
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6 ?* `2 n' K! r. G+ q0 E$ OAnd the earlier the social interaction the better because the review of 14 studies showed children who started daycare at age 1 or 2 had the most protection, said Patricia Buffler, a cancer epidemiologist at the University of California, Berkeley.
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; k3 ]: D+ S6 W- ~9 H$ t"What we found was for across all the studies there was a level of protection in 12 of them and no protection seen in two," she said in a telephone interview. "No study showed an increased risk. They either showed protection or no effect."

3 @: I$ C/ @' o  i0 U; V6 V2 J6 aThe study did not identify how social contact may guard against leukemia but it adds to evidence that children exposed to infections early in life somehow gain protection against the rare disease, Buffler said.
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5 ?1 X' X5 o3 O" ?Scientists believe two things must happen for most types of childhood cancer. The first is some kind of genetic mutation that a child is born with followed by a trigger in childhood such as an infection that results in the disease, she added.
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"This is just more evidence pointing to the role that some type of infection early in life could stimulate the immune system," said Buffler, who led the research.

4 N  p6 J& W" J6 J% l/ IThe researchers reviewed 14 published studies of nearly 20,000 children worldwide, about a third of whom had acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This is the most common form of the disease and accounts for about 80 percent of all childhood leukemias.

It affects about 20 to 30 children out of every million, Buffler added.
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$ i' \! Z3 J. j. f6 j! P( ZThe studies -- in which parents were asked about day care and playgroup attendance -- varied when it came to the timing, duration and extent of social interaction with other children, the researchers.

. x6 k% B; [& ]: tBut the overall results are clear and could help other researchers gain a better understand of the disease that typically strikes children before age 5, Buffler said.

+ B8 [2 p/ D3 Z# c"These are more clues to pursue to understand how to prevent childhood leukemia," she said. "Nobody before had pulled together all the work reported to date."

[ 本帖最后由 如花 于 2008-4-29 23:34 编辑 ]

如花

路透伦敦4月29日电（记者 Michael Kahn）---美国研究人士在周二表示，从小将孩子送往托儿所可能受到更多感染，从而预防儿童白血病。
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$ m- p% z2 u# h# d/ `& p研究显示，在托儿所或幼儿游戏组的儿童患白血病的机率比其他儿童低30%。
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加州大学伯克利分校的癌症和流行病学家Patricia Buffler称，早期的社会交往是有益的：分析回顾了14项研究，发现1-2岁进入托儿所的孩子受到最大程度的保护。

2 r# l* ]3 i) g2 E% ^$ X$ dBuffler表示，他们的研究并未识别社会接触对白血病的预防，但为“幼年感染能预防罕见疾病”提供了更多证据。
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% w) V, U) |# K( ~科学家们认为，儿童癌症的致病须满足两个条件，其中之一即是某种形式的基因变异，并被童年时期的感染所诱发。
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5 x" ]8 e. t8 Y/ s1 Q8 P) v“这只是另一项证据，指出幼年时期的部分感染能刺激免疫系统。”Buffler说。研究考察了14篇研究，涉及世界范围的两万名儿童，其中1/3都患有淋巴性白血病--这是最常见的白血病，占儿童患病案例的80%。

在研究中，父母被问及托儿所和游戏组的参与情况，这包括时间、期限和社会交往程度的差异。Buffler介绍说，整体结论是清晰的，能帮助研究者更好地理解儿童在五岁前的患病状况。

“这为预防儿童白血病提供更多信息。”她说：“迄今为止没有人把这些报告整合起来。
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[ 本帖最后由 如花 于 2008-4-29 23:34 编辑 ]

losangeleslac

科学家们认为，儿童癌症的致病须满足两个条件，其中之一即是某种形式格列卫的基因变异，并被童年时期的感染所诱发。 b+ P0 [
“这只是另一项证据，指出幼年时期的部分感染能刺激免疫系统。”Buffler说。研究考察了14篇研究，涉及世界范围的两万名儿童，其中1/3都患有淋巴性白血病--这是最常见的白血病，占儿童患病案例的80%。
  g5 x# ?4 J' }$ X4 J- x/ m/ l学习了。

竹帘儿

科学家们认为，儿童癌症的致病须满足两个条件，其中之一即是某种形式格列卫的基因变异，并被童年时期的感染所诱发。 b+ P0 [
“这只是另一项证据，指出幼年时期的部分感染能刺激免疫系统。”Buffler说。研究考察了1 ...
1 a8 v. `9 Y. z4 G; p/ q+ H, i; D, klosangeleslac 发表于 2011-3-8 23:12

楼上的你学习了啥？ 我怎么看这两句话是前后矛盾的？

竹帘儿

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/ }9 _: v) D6 }: |7 k7 |- O( O) T实话实说，文章标题有一点点的misleading的倾向。看上去是说去daycare有助于预防白血病。而内容讲的是daycare 和playgroup都有助。
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/ v, h4 ?) I( j% @7 |- S我说有一点点misleading，而不是太多， 是因为我能理解这种标题的拟定，和其他含糊不清的地方（比如去多长时间，什么频率去算是去了daycare，或 playgroup）是受data限制的。 读者其实应该理解到这里头的有用信息是，有助预防的主要因素是早期社会接触，而不仅仅是daycare。 去daycare的肯定是保证了社会接触的，不去daycare的孩子，只要参与了playgroup，在统计上效果也是一样。

冥顽脑袋

我有个国内同学就把孩子丢在农村养，吃住条件不如城市，但小孩不象城市的总生病打针，似乎免疫系统得到了锻炼。

熊猫阿宝

楼上的你学习了啥？ 我怎么看这两句话是前后矛盾的？
' h6 _" i6 L. Y1 L# M% h竹帘儿 发表于 2011-3-9 05:38

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4 `6 I1 r% m7 `2 c6 w不矛盾。只是说得太简略了些，尤其对于没有医学知识背景的人。
可以这么理解：儿童癌症的原因之一是童年时期的感染（发病）诱发了某种形式的基因变异。如果幼年时期在多人环境下就暴露于这样的感染源（文中称为“幼年时期的部分感染”），反而能刺激免疫系统产生抗体，从而对此病免疫，自然以后（童年时期）不容易因此种感染发病，从而减少了癌症（白血病）发病的机会。
两个“感染”的意思不同，第一个是感染发病，第二个只是暴露于那个感染源的环境，并没发病，并且反而会建立对此病的免疫。（晕，不会说话了，怎么看着这么别扭）

竹帘儿

不矛盾。只是说得太简略了些，尤其对于没有医学知识背景的人。
可以这么理解：儿童癌症的原因之一是童年时期的感染（发病）诱发了某种形式的基因变异。如果幼年时期在多人环境下就暴露于这样的感染源（文中称为 ...
) @5 b( S0 m" b: y, k& [" ^* E9 H熊猫阿宝 发表于 2011-3-9 10:55

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4 W* M. q( Y- y& T+ n  {越说越糊涂，原文没有幼年和童年之分哦，都是说的“childhood“时期的事儿。

竹帘儿

我有个国内同学就把孩子丢在农村养，吃住条件不如城市，但小孩不象城市的总生病打针，似乎免疫系统得到了锻炼。
冥顽脑袋 发表于 2011-3-9 09:58

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可能在农村的不去上daycare吧？

三思

标题党！文章实际是说儿童早期要和环境多接触，而且在描述这种接触的时候不只是提到了daycare，还提到了 playgounp。而题目把daycare和预防白血病直接联系起来，显然是逻辑错误

熊猫阿宝

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越说越糊涂，原文没有幼年和童年之分哦，都是说的“childhood“时期的事儿。
竹帘儿 发表于 2011-3-9 13:06

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  b0 p* r) D4 T4 ?4 }我懒，没看英文，直接就中文翻译说的。我的理解是2岁前暴露于感染源环境会让你建立有益的免疫机制。再看英文是这么说的 "This is just more evidence pointing to the role that some type of infection early in life could stimulate the immune system,"

这个early in life就姑且理解为两岁前吧，根据他的论点.

4 W. {4 t  N2 U不过原文太不清楚了。我简直有牵强附会的嫌疑。

熊猫阿宝

标题党！文章实际是说儿童早期要和环境多接触，而且在描述这种接触的时候不只是提到了daycare，还提到了 playgounp。而题目把daycare和预防白血病直接联系起来，显然是逻辑错误
0 f8 Y' Q  H: ^# O  H三思 发表于 2011-3-9 14:24

我已经习惯于各种新闻的标题党了。见惯不怪

三思

我已经习惯于各种新闻的标题党了。见惯不怪
熊猫阿宝 发表于 2011-3-9 15:03

5 c, Y9 T3 f6 u2 h+ O咳，那我不就是为了抒发对标题党的不满嘛。而且文章本身也存在误导的问题。我主要就是想说这个文章有明显的误导。路透社发这样的新闻也快成文学成了

三思

正好今天看到这篇文章：《快乐的孩子容易离婚》，虽然标题也很醒目，但是标题切题，文章比搂住这篇well balanced的多
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4 {) G8 K! m* yHappy teens more likely to divorce as adults: Study
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; ^8 E! O: n# C& P7 u; XA happy adolescence increases the odds of a happy adulthood, new research suggests. There's a catch, of course.
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% N- I0 h1 U9 g5 E2 f* NA study by academics in Britain, published in the Journal of Positive Psychology, also shows those who have enjoyable experiences during their teenage years are more likely to get divorced as adults.


1 q- |" e/ P. T! O6 Y2 I5 N7 D7 yThe study was based on an analysis of 2,776 people born in the United Kingdom in 1946.


It considered teacher evaluations of these individuals at the ages of 13 and 15 in terms of their popularity with peers, ease of making friends, overall happiness and energy levels.
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Of those who received multiple positive ratings from their teachers in such areas, more than 20 per cent were divorced at least once by the age of 53. Of those who received no positive ratings or just one, about 16 per cent had split with their spouse by that age — a difference the researchers found significant.


$ e/ w, v* h% f& N"The explanation for this is not immediately obvious and warrants further investigation," said the report. "One possible factor might be that positive children have higher self-esteem or self-efficacy than their peers and are therefore more willing to leave a marriage if it is not meeting their needs."


Happy teenagers were not found to be any more likely to marry.

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The research was carried out by Felicia Huppert of the University of Cambridge's department of psychiatry and Marcus Richards from Britain's Medical Research Council.
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Despite the findings on divorce, there would seem to be more advantages than disadvantages to having had an enriching teenage experience. The study found those who were happy in their teenage years were more likely to find satisfaction in their jobs, maintain contact with friends and family and engage in social activities.
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5 d. t  h3 L/ @) I- a4 j0 \Those who were deemed happy as teenagers were also 60 per cent less likely to develop mental disorders later in life than those not receiving any positive evaluations on happiness and social aspects in their teenage years, the study found.
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* b0 l$ S. m  q9 y0 D; S3 Q8 ^"The benefits to individuals, families and to society of good mental health, positive relationships and satisfying work are likely to be substantial," Huppert said in a statement. "The findings support the view that even at this time of great financial hardship, policy-makers should prioritize the well-being of our children so they have the best possible start in life."

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Although this was a British study, Norm Quantz, a relationship counsellor based near Calgary, said such findings hold true for Canada in terms of people who were happy as teenagers being more likely to divorce. He agreed people in this category tend to have higher self-esteem and such individuals are more "in charge of their own personal power and control."

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Quantz added that most people who were well-adjusted as adolescents "have not been introduced to the manipulative powers that happen in relationships," and are therefore less tolerant of such situations when they encounter them as adults.

竹帘儿

咳，那我不就是为了抒发对标题党的不满嘛。而且文章本身也存在误导的问题。我主要就是想说这个文章有明显的误导。路透社发这样的新闻也快成文学成了
三思 发表于 2011-3-10 08:02

  F, |* C  e3 f! g; N; Z我觉得文章本身不存在误导，它写的很清楚，只是一个综合其它研究的分析，它也承认搞不清社会接触在预防罕见疾病方面的具体机理，但是表象是去daycare的孩子有很大的预防作用，窃以为，如果起别的标题，反而误导。读者要是通读了全文，基本不存在。  这里头极大的误导是中文译文。

三思

我觉得文章本身不存在误导，它写的很清楚，只是一个综合其它研究的分析，它也承认搞不清社会接触在预防罕见疾病方面的具体机理，但是表象是去daycare的孩子有很大的预防作用，窃以为，如果起别的标题，反而误导。 ...
竹帘儿 发表于 2011-3-10 09:54

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0 p- p4 Q4 Y. h6 R如果通读全文并且理解全文的话，读者就会知道，文章谈的是early exposure to environment 有助于降低白血病的几率。但是文章标题和开头用daycare来等同于early exposure,  引得很多偷懒的读者把daycare和白血病划了等号。楼上的几位不就是明证吗？

  `' W7 D: ^3 w# X. z* }, L' }你当然可以说整篇文章没有误导，但是我不赞成这种行文方式。
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+ Z# d; y9 a+ N# @7 n中文的我没看

竹帘儿

如果通读全文并且理解全文的话，读者就会知道，文章谈的是early exposure to environment 有助于降低白血病的几率。但是文章标题和开头用daycare来等同于early exposure,  引得很多偷懒的读者把daycare和白血病划 ...
# B, }3 O1 _) `* M, B1 V三思 发表于 2011-3-10 10:06

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嗯，我同意标题误导，我前面也说了。
7 F9 o6 ^' v* G0 l我上面的发言是不赞成你说文章本身就是误导的说法。

toca2007

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小儿外因或内因的作用下比成人容易得白血病.  外因: 染发剂, 装修原料异味, 放射, 药物等等. 不能乱用抗菌药, 绿霉素至白血病率超高.
内因: 母体怀孕时期使用过药物, 接受过放射, 化疗等造成小儿先天基因变异.
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小儿多与外界接触, 一些小小的细菌可刺激身体免疫力,提高抵抗力. 所以, 提倡早点将小儿送至DAYCARE与小朋友一起玩. playgroud更好, 空气新鲜, 适当晒晒太阳.  但是, 前提条件是, daycare不能是新装修的, 晒太阳也不能过头.