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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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4 \9 ^+ ^1 C& y: `& f# ?+ yProof:
; x. c- Z5 C2 P5 v9 DLet n >1 be an integer $ \! F" v+ }# B
Basis: (n=2)
- b2 [/ A0 U4 ] D$ N# I 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that3 E2 K- m0 S& c: [1 H
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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! R) K, r* j3 {2 pNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
* [& D0 Z% b1 I8 I4 s# ?* a3 Ssince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem. }6 I0 e8 J2 C* h
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)7 K! H9 y( x" }' ?
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K& p$ o2 i$ Y" T4 u2 f0 G: G9 S
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)8 x! l" Q3 U& N. S {/ k
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: Z& K5 q) N3 ]6 u8 M' t3 Uby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0 q3 B9 w; H% P) d
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# U6 ~2 y) j) O) K, P- @" P
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 M4 l+ P9 R5 W! _6 d, w = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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- ]. w' s, t: o& p8 b% z$ G0 M" o( E8 zConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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$ K$ }' o# h$ z l/ g; m[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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