 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
0 @6 q! I$ {0 Q j2 iInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
9 m( P. c' y. k/ {' c3 osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
4 a0 B$ G; U& [2 S! aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
+ W( N; B, s8 P" L! u5 \(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of/ X# R3 w d9 b3 J& _- [ M
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ Y' o! M3 [, c$ A' l1 a% [2 C7 V
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 s" R- Z) K s4 K
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
0 v" A- ~# t, H(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& b3 h; D8 Y2 v( l: h m
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on* R8 d2 B, t2 O0 s. {) h" b: ]
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset0 A. Q) |0 U6 [3 k8 r1 U
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
5 l4 j& [8 K* J8 Osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ @" Y9 J8 \/ T4 [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 [- N! _; h5 [9 I" b; K& k
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 W; ?) t2 A% K5 W, ?% [
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% }) n m9 K+ C
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, v# w% P' A: X ]" H- B2 |6 R, B9 U# l* \, R( O( j9 ^# r/ ]
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* R" y+ l% c+ U, D: Aand American speakers of English, |
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