 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The" c% X7 B: B4 o' p" z- D
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
( H: J8 f D' ^9 D' `. msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- e9 S" `0 ~( f; j( \4 W& c( p6 aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
$ x7 |. F. i- d7 N2 C; M(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
& f0 E' q; }5 \$ c' |5 N0 Z$ g, k$ i, bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).+ s2 b; C4 g0 k+ g; K
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=. z/ b* ^5 n! f# d5 X% x; f
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- x) p3 F( C& n' @* @(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 f; v5 n3 B* b" n, ^" X3 ]6 tretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 X4 `; I/ g- E2 ?! T
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% @2 J' B+ r; \" t(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two1 N# ^8 [ m" @" A
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a6 |# M) ]$ b/ v& ~
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% m) ]: A2 }( K. g" r9 U# |
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( R; X( y! X- i. Icompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( I6 ]# o* Q" b2 n; B" ithe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..; m+ C: }% y" I( W
: x) [, [4 R" G2 R* O% D- U(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)& @+ N5 \ v4 y U3 Q; }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
