 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
. h0 [# }$ a- G% yInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* N' J; v! i$ t- g: i
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,) m+ O/ r/ R% m" n
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" o/ U9 q5 T; m. T4 s3 g) Q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 D C2 @+ a9 d8 S) q4 C# Kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)." X F9 M* Q5 _" h" B
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=6 J% e& k. d" x7 \' M9 q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”], G) z2 b2 J; ?; _% ~2 f4 S4 v/ e; o
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 @( {; Z2 I `0 K$ X+ d1 H
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
5 @! v! f+ ~0 I. {4 Lpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* Y% h- l9 w. X9 ]
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: f0 [5 R, S# h/ e/ |/ ^ i* |
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 Z/ r- Y- U8 a; a w! Z9 ?semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
" |% b8 a! x3 Lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) k' `9 c2 `6 T( \' j( r
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
D; j5 N: V: T: f) S6 h* Ythe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
- v% e3 q+ V5 ^/ X0 {- `: l3 Z+ S& {9 \& Y7 a
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)4 }$ ]- Y: S- q6 ~
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
