 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
/ z6 E$ \% C a, T0 N% D4 QInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& |" ?5 u3 x$ ^0 d$ c
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, j2 N" j& @. `& ^$ s" n* n
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
! h- W: d. a, y3 Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 W8 f7 Y8 N( w6 Q9 W
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; s& ^& z+ `+ ^: L% T1 F: IA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
; |# B" M9 C/ A5 J[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 o! I* D1 M6 d: K
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ \( r: L e0 Uretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
" f9 C @* c0 e8 g. \5 Jpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset! ] c9 \) O1 ~8 ]1 P7 Y! j: g. u
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two b n3 u& l/ D+ D4 z& S
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ G4 |7 G9 v; _) \
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
% g0 N8 W# H0 R/ c- _end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 G; B; n7 B# a' w: @) E- D% _. S
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- E, R" x' W: o8 a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# A$ J' t& f) r l- a2 X- L
+ L& j! d1 \ J# K' x2 ](source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
2 t$ B7 r8 o# b, L3 [& gand American speakers of English, |
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