 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The2 G! w+ \6 \6 ]0 D$ U& z5 Q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
9 |( _( M, b( s0 ~; U; Z7 |, Z* x# Lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ l( z! C. f0 |3 w- V* W7 p; m/ hand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 I* A+ d. s* l& m) W+ z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ L |. `3 g5 gretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 o* W$ B6 F% `1 K& ?7 P; hA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=" N P; `' H ]1 N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
2 [2 q! e: A8 ~* Y" P. ]* f5 S5 U(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving% k; D$ N# U) U, t
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on& M* j" A' K0 w5 |2 i% l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
+ D. n& P; U/ B( v( |. C1 s( _8 ]9 j(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two' `# Z. p! u: q u
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a; Q ^6 X/ U3 j1 x7 ]
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; P( g. S: a' u6 x q/ p, zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: z E6 P1 v/ kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
2 K% ~ u$ Q! `7 Z' h8 D6 tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ ^2 F5 }9 d3 J6 x4 r* a+ g9 H% `
6 c8 d2 w; L3 E, K$ g9 g( p; V# b(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, ^) j& y0 Y1 ~; X4 a3 d; ?and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
