 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
4 X. e3 g/ a* }+ h8 }. c E. mInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% k0 M1 }8 A/ {& ?4 j
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' y0 Q$ ?6 c- ]and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 u2 M; c# J$ ]
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. B; q6 X" E! k* x; kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).% F6 Y. b `, O& t# F ]
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=( }* e9 `: ~! }
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- ^, j# j6 g$ @8 h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving2 w, s/ `4 L4 T# D s' D* A
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
4 i; y9 O& a& [5 X7 V8 Npossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 m- T) X4 l# d& t2 ~" c
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 h+ c9 G, Y7 y; K4 k9 L& K
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a8 [* n2 F) R( S/ l9 a8 o4 Y2 C2 i
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ e2 b7 I* l! \/ R. {; w! V
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: Q6 |# T, m9 N8 d* t; T: Z
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ m0 W! \% z& M: Ythe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
0 c9 r" B1 [; D, V+ z' c& _. A% K
/ [% j8 C- T, }(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)" S3 Q6 g' d, z$ d) P! Y4 m
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
