 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! a4 B2 l3 F( u; [; w1 h& ^
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ n0 X3 ?# l5 l* A
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,% d( a' n( Z' z. e% O3 W% R' m2 z
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial' h8 f8 d5 i9 C2 c+ _+ X' i1 ]
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 i" j: t3 b! o# x4 P& z
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).! S$ {5 M6 }& I/ O/ u* V$ G
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) y/ t% k- w D# _# F1 p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ J/ o& H5 r. e% ^% l6 a# l+ m
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* f L9 y+ i4 O# L3 N5 D- _retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: A& n8 H+ T8 C2 I$ H( E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 [ y7 N: W- v, E7 I: ^1 }1 x(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two4 ]9 q1 [8 t$ K. l3 m: M
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 o1 t- _0 y& i# j: e7 H
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; C8 g5 E8 [" g; W1 B9 L# _end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 G0 U0 ]) M" y) x- o0 f" D" h
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: `2 F0 j/ @7 L" g, C; Q
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' u$ H5 ~ @& T+ v
* {3 n$ i+ j3 u" P: _ v; P
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 C2 ]8 V; ~! [
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
