 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 p; w8 D: B5 a+ a! S- yInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the/ {. N9 d( D% ?3 f# C. v! O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' C7 p; V7 R1 ~and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 m% \8 w0 Q- E7 W(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 C# e" a8 [0 ]retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) d7 H/ J& }/ _+ Y4 x! oA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=+ B: u! n5 y7 ]( T% J. f6 P
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 @( V9 L2 c# v, h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
& x+ ^; v# F' e( Yretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 C5 t: |' J8 F; }) K* i
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) S3 E! G1 T! j% e* {! g8 U1 K(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: k2 _" ]# Q5 D$ K0 ?segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
0 T( e) ^2 f; d! ^* bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
0 v' H* H$ N: w; @( _* ]% ^ n2 _end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 I- {" x4 o) x" G( I; |. H7 o
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( r8 {2 B- Z, O8 V" Sthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 p8 w' @1 M* g' y8 G$ b I
8 }# R" X+ _! v( p8 x- Q* T
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 Q# ~2 w# c9 E0 Aand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
