 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, I8 F. A6 c: Y) K) AInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 T) L( l9 \. T6 u4 O) nsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& }( {' L$ j6 b$ x; |6 Q! H- [
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial, a! {7 H; N) J8 ^% Q* l2 k( q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of8 l& v8 U' ^: S" s
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; Q( r0 ?" V1 d3 ^8 D5 N4 K3 |* V' B( ZA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
0 U" `% X0 b6 M[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]' I& T2 s7 A$ j$ E5 V& A
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 y3 r: v' \0 ]( bretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on7 A3 ^; n* b, d' L. W& ~
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset% f% P5 B1 s, a+ S3 y" u
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two. v( h) J4 h( [. K2 `
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a% E$ \+ r4 O, i6 H3 n
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# Z. Z! E2 R+ e9 e" N1 ~/ t
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. d& E0 K* p* O0 A# D: Lcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
2 l F7 w* a- n; Xthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..% _, ?1 I3 K. T
8 ^) H' H" t$ g$ `) Z
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)4 E* [& |2 Q. i" J- a* F: Z* L9 C* o
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
