 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
* n$ Q. i: y2 V5 JInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ S" h. h/ F$ N# w- @" D4 |
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, K7 P2 E/ B2 H. L0 Q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 f q8 M/ Q( u' h9 C0 F(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. D) J* S& {( q4 [7 {
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
2 z$ `6 \) @" o+ d+ CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ |. c+ K* p Y& m: C. \ P! S/ |[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% M% g% O' a( x+ r6 x
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- {# o& H- k3 Y3 e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
% V8 ^1 v D" [/ @& Upossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
+ y+ ?' s3 C5 H7 z) \7 n(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two; B( F3 q# A8 M S0 m7 |4 s
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a& Q# e8 ^, I' Y/ d4 J
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: X: t" t, g( m# r' t3 \* ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 ~' V0 y4 }4 O& N4 Dcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
/ I3 \% y, ]* S1 N* I/ Vthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 P' Y0 g: p+ C. \: L6 ?
- k* |5 Z- _; z* Y& j( \( w
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 c: [9 s' X0 Oand American speakers of English, |
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