 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
6 y- s+ I; O P- p3 u7 h1 i; DInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* x+ H0 \& ^) S! A, w
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ T4 f5 G6 k ~- o. qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial/ r1 |* Z( _8 o, F
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of: a1 k& Y T& S/ j: l0 _
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ o, p% ?4 f# F. f* BA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=* Y$ }! m: O8 G2 |$ ]
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- n; k$ k$ Z5 U: _. X1 j- n* u(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
6 h4 G4 ]$ g' D0 @, z- A& Fretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on% {- M" t, m& d* Z6 T
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. b+ w: ~4 F5 m( P; |+ V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) n3 [% [8 w* T3 J9 ?segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a$ H8 r3 [4 P# n/ X* }8 l! X
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
& b' x" R# Z8 r4 _4 I* `) yend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In0 V5 {9 m, `, ]4 H {& ~
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
& v" s1 u2 E3 ~7 bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..8 o" ^; y b& D! T+ _! P* r
, S0 k9 C$ b; w8 w1 h
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, _5 M1 Q, p# t! u" I Z/ [and American speakers of English, |
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