 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, j$ ~8 @" ` G5 I& ?9 f( v- w+ l+ o1 l
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
7 b- N( C2 N' Wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 V; Z% l* ~" _( F5 }and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
0 s# ~( J1 r7 {& H" S(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of( ?3 g) |/ D5 u# x' T9 _; Z% w
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* b! W: [- d) W5 cA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
W" c( a+ [/ s% O7 _! N% h6 v[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
: u G' V# ]$ g! @' u; o% L1 U(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving$ N+ j; l' s( I
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
8 N2 Z, L6 ^" a1 k' [possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset+ N9 U2 R+ H7 J$ P" d& p- [ i
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 w& ~* \( _* P4 ~/ B5 X4 `) ]1 Tsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ ?1 N# t* i5 ]' U# U
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 p# Q7 ~# n% e/ l" Uend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In$ n4 l2 T; w+ `
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) w" m, W6 {$ q. @- v
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
7 u! ^- Q; a; y3 ?; j0 m" X
. N& E7 R2 E2 {1 h: L(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ Z' b$ q3 R4 Z8 P, E$ a9 ]; b* Cand American speakers of English, |
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