 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- J5 L4 C$ e J$ G% q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the+ f: @; P4 T( R$ h
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' |% M0 o# O: Q, Z! m
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial1 |+ E; E; _ Q8 r
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ A7 p2 W1 z$ F/ { L d2 Q& U6 p" a2 ]retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* S" V8 Z9 b8 h+ Y5 F" Y: GA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=3 \8 ?8 G/ X. X' h+ t. {$ k
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- }7 n, f3 v$ y8 m
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving g& C8 I) {) B/ Z; L
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 h: L, m( ^# l# u( O2 q" z+ t
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 y5 y2 G( ^$ L) d(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two2 l5 ^* J3 {; |6 z5 W- t
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
# u5 V) ?/ X+ q5 N4 ?semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
1 s2 V! v: w$ L! n, N1 cend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, M. Z5 c: j. |. [ J9 |compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
3 n7 s9 L# D( N0 X8 C- a5 u/ w$ dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 I% w! }' a( ?- m/ {
2 R) ]1 }+ l+ Y. ~$ ^/ t4 I
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 d6 n! G) z% A) z5 ^and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
