 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: F7 V( C, D. Q5 B! rInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the6 G3 B/ c. A1 ]* T% ^( z- u
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( j% `2 j) x$ s% T: s* F$ y! @* }
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 O+ N) N: ^8 x7 g0 x(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
! {$ ^ A3 K( z) a- |# qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 O7 f4 _" b3 } c
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
" e5 ]1 R6 I' u" s' q0 a) m[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. J3 h, k( w' O. b1 q5 D
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
, N% ]% ^8 C: V% sretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ D6 k+ d4 R, \+ M# \# o
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* z4 H. y$ k( x0 k, k$ P5 c+ D(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two3 N6 q8 y, t3 w/ r6 i
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a) t5 k0 V" ]7 ]) u- J
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 W& P, ^1 j# i. k/ m/ j2 I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
5 n1 k. P8 N/ a1 K$ {compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 @: o8 p% j" E! `1 Q2 othe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ W/ U' I: d: ]2 r4 x+ Z0 m6 q/ e b& V. y* h# f
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 L+ K, @: f$ L/ l3 ^1 b" `# x
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
