 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! \. m8 L q/ Y/ ]! [& Q6 _Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- G5 N" O5 U6 E" [' A2 @8 lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' I0 M7 ^: C$ _# v2 r
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 j) F$ ~) ?! q/ i' c% Z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- J. y8 e/ @# a4 T: uretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 r! |& E* t& Z2 OA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) V# x' _) c! L; `! R$ {[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
/ D# Q7 e) M8 H% P(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& ^$ {" c6 K: k R- f# H: [
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: S$ R5 {# c6 Bpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
! n; A! U7 m: u# ~ Q/ y- R(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two1 p% ?& ~% x; l7 n1 A
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
4 ?' n& f9 ]5 l! Zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.' K6 p: \& a, p* b' N: y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In; }" z$ j- Z+ n( }2 c! m
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" r. j! N/ ]7 c; |1 Gthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
% O$ s8 m6 p( u+ e% F& X4 p* K# Y3 l# v7 e
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" ?& y A3 m5 @: ^and American speakers of English, |
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