 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) ~2 P1 s4 Z) u
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
& ^, ^3 X6 r9 i3 r8 m8 ^& xsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; x5 H, T0 ^1 ~# B) qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 l4 ^5 A0 Y- O) {
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 M' [+ o) P% d% X; H7 H
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 H3 O1 Y# s9 M$ q
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 F. A2 F- y9 [. S; D
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
. ~1 j, W7 L9 t h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving2 F( c8 g# `- ]: j
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 w7 |0 M6 y. opossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset( H1 b4 X/ j7 Z2 U( X# O* C
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
1 u: c$ b. k# qsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a; N2 m0 Z6 P. \& q/ ]
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.0 v7 J9 p9 S/ C3 {
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
) y6 p8 [8 k3 \compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% r9 V1 e6 w9 e( Q, i
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
w: h' t, N+ d! k. e, F' a8 q; z9 }8 c* N* E% Y4 `
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% \& B0 R- }8 p7 }0 `and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
