 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) M \# ^9 { a; D2 Q0 o
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
3 [1 e. R: j% e* U% W9 f2 l2 \syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,2 B* h; s( j/ l" T
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
; i8 Q+ V+ }9 w2 @+ f+ A(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 D4 w0 F1 d& `+ iretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; M0 f e7 ?: V* x: `9 X$ n' hA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: D8 p: y4 d2 U9 y K: g
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ W2 Q7 c; F+ {& _3 L8 x+ C0 b" u4 G
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
" u8 R2 ~+ t) |3 \& |retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: W" X# j2 O7 e4 b! t7 Q: y
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
! W$ w0 [: N% p+ K& Z( x(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: h" F! v. L5 H7 L! K
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
]: n s. N- U( X- D7 ksemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 [- N0 v6 K2 v6 E6 q R; M1 Eend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
* s! O: T$ d% Z9 Y& hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ j" o# V5 o/ N7 \" R( h
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.. d- |# ]: R9 v! I: ]* ^
4 Z6 Z z6 _ A, I# A(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ b/ |" c: d$ J; D4 band American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
