 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
6 b" E1 P9 x) jInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) c3 W( A# }' L5 u9 e' c) E' F
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,% w! m7 H6 a6 |' n$ s+ e. [" c& G
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 d8 u# l7 E5 I(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 X! e6 U4 H2 s" {: M% M& zretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
, t& M# a/ V, V1 v& xA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
, P' K7 o: L# m9 |# P5 O- T- }[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 X0 a$ W4 @" |" A7 L& t, b% z7 Z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving/ \% w$ ?( @7 R# @; L' W* N
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: G) Y! f" w: r, p& A+ Mpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
# E3 l- Z- f3 t7 P1 Z(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two j7 e4 h8 z, G8 j* A, i' V$ }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
3 {2 f R$ w; I& |0 s7 K: z: Zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 ] k+ m F) R( ~3 N, Rend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 y" |# f' e7 ?" U/ K) p$ `6 Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: q# h9 z( E k2 g1 {5 a% N" kthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 T; ?8 G+ ~& F
1 g: i3 D+ Y0 [5 H2 v( ]
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)/ ^: M8 D; {' ?" N3 I$ b, {8 K' J
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
