 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The" Q; m! W/ U8 v' |. x M
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the2 p4 q1 W9 l0 u' ]7 }
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,+ \6 O) X( c3 \8 ^! O% o( n( m( p( a
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ r6 B' p O: @( ~ }1 h
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
4 a) u& Q3 x( C+ Qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 g8 f+ @6 H3 h1 _5 `2 vA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 T7 ?+ ]: ]2 ^5 ]; E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ N7 Y: p: z( y5 u7 E2 `7 R8 L8 A
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving. C7 m, E, `; l7 E3 B0 m
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! k) A0 z9 `4 ^; i$ Bpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& U e' K. t- b8 W0 g& O! @
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
% X; J8 u: F1 L9 {) D' Esegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( n/ V! e% H7 C- r- usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
% K- `) Q7 Y& Y! fend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In# Z8 j, P; _7 H
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ }% D: m; e* n9 c' F, `9 d: _the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ |: _; Z! v$ Q) O* T. H- P& s
% Q& e6 A) t% s0 O+ w2 D g& n(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 ]5 l+ K5 \5 l: q! n! { W$ M$ X
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
