 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
7 J1 P$ h' F. I2 ]4 N$ zInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" X/ `8 c9 ?: S+ x7 l4 n8 Vsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 E' C W5 t/ P/ k: A9 rand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 n @! ]8 N. y& S
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
% {/ S. g9 K* A& M1 K9 Y. b, k( fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).: Q6 Z' f0 W6 o& {" q. O& m# j M4 }
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
1 n* j5 b! u( o' ~" M1 a: I[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
6 u- }- O9 l$ b+ X+ B: l+ {(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 {" o& c+ ]3 I6 @6 o$ r0 e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on r1 g, S& q4 t% d' s8 a/ N) N9 v( D
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& j: R, f1 h3 g: \% h& R5 w4 D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
5 m' R* R9 G: ?* tsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! w5 v, e; P3 l) G1 S2 ?semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." i3 C4 E% n: P* c1 k
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
8 \- Q% g: |: y- p' Z; Wcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# `; b8 A7 b: Y. ~9 dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
6 ^/ ~( u- c9 @! u1 E: f8 B$ E
: _0 C' c# I- A. N7 x(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 X0 x. h% t$ D' I3 E1 V
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
