 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The: J0 i, W+ _( ^1 \ z4 ]# h
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; H# R* r3 o4 r1 F" i
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! F5 t4 S' a: v$ Q) eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 x. t2 A5 L3 a" e5 ?(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 ?: s. k8 P* H; ~8 `+ I9 i
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: l% e! {5 f0 W+ e6 m1 XA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
1 F6 S( b ?5 ]( D2 @% g$ F% x[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 d( _# M& k: Z/ R Y# v
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, @* r- e, D/ a0 f& P( R) _
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on" J" s7 ?5 [1 I( `' i! u) N, X& x
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset- W5 t: q9 X! s5 @, B/ S/ q
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# ^, c/ d9 O7 m* I+ Q6 `! g
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 S8 J! Y6 ^+ g5 m3 _; t/ \8 Fsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; B' |- u1 V) g7 Q0 ^2 o9 ?5 tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In1 O# G: j2 \* R" A/ q0 n
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
$ J8 B5 A7 B0 ~4 a2 _, V" nthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
) Q5 B- k- P; z' L! e
0 g7 p$ K3 {. @7 h; Y2 Q(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& t/ R* M+ m0 p- K: a+ q8 sand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
