 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 i1 H1 O6 }/ R8 p8 rInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ Q7 ^/ J# \" C7 E z
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ {4 B( _/ A, ]) F
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ r; A: }1 m% O1 o% M
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, _" s% B5 N6 l, w! B/ G9 eretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 t7 g- s- ~* W8 Y' M$ JA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- y' _6 J6 c. d! c0 N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]! ]' p3 R$ _1 r1 O
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' I0 ^ z Y; d! s
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on z. E% P1 i# Y9 A0 _/ X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( X3 q* z, B% f(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" m' ^/ H% \6 ?4 M
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, x- x8 d! M& j% `$ P$ k
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- B j! O5 E% {( z9 R/ j. c2 A
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: i5 T# P2 K' P8 w! K, @
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 V8 @8 H1 ~6 I9 ]/ u8 _the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 o+ r3 w( W0 X1 r9 t" Z5 l
! i; z1 j. N3 P2 f(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
. u+ K7 v w: d# j% vand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
