 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
6 k0 h( t# E- X7 r& WInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
9 Y7 @ l) F! K, jsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ m- w$ x( Y7 M5 P% rand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ c' M- z3 A! J9 g
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
+ r2 u& O" \. m! e4 m/ p0 jretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
- \0 u: Y& }1 k! }! l! ^A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 } n9 g- x# x2 W5 ^[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 h( {& S* x/ h8 J3 h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 O" M( m# \! S" Q! ]5 cretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ Y$ Z, l: B( k
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset% o' p+ x. l) r/ d8 J- @8 ]
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! s# T$ y' c5 wsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
" t3 t" l6 f$ rsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% V9 \& j$ z6 K+ L
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
/ l' U9 g8 x/ N( acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ V) t) w/ T. m3 o- t% @the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla... ]! _: P/ V' }; R; j$ H2 V' U
5 [. b) b4 Q" q- M9 U. X(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ \! D1 y$ Q+ I1 K5 ~
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
