 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The" {, ]+ S) ]& l- p
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
' L- c# ~9 M( L R+ e* t. R* e- a1 gsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! N# V1 N4 }) rand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial. O' l' o7 P* {, P3 k
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 [2 }5 W/ |: F$ i# E
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# O; v8 ]5 {2 f/ {
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=& c3 i7 S7 q; h% _3 S" M+ @
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- ]$ R( m% h% c4 f3 [
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& H! ^' l9 Q' ^" {0 b4 P1 _
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
+ [# N3 D. X' f6 f8 opossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset( C l, o. R# z2 i$ l, g( u
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
. _ V! s( q& J: x @% ]& C; A7 y( X7 Asegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! C8 T" u5 u+ q9 p0 s2 F0 Hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; e: T- l% N }6 C5 I* j/ D% g/ tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In& V7 m5 q; n4 i* L3 p; i
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
& k: C, Z+ X+ t3 @; B2 ^the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: u( ]* E; {# Q, y
& d1 X& M D1 R, G, }8 E(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)+ c1 _7 J0 z) h% ^3 F
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
