 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The0 N: l# t0 F4 X/ G5 `2 t/ G
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the H; |* M. h0 J
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 }- T- H! C1 ?9 U; c, Rand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) R5 M% D4 Y% i: H I% }(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of% }! _1 z5 Y4 r) r
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., U$ }/ M) M! W) \1 Z% c& l
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
9 B* k. ]' K/ S[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
/ Q. C/ ~; U2 F; k# H3 x( n(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, |5 U+ H1 Z1 o6 F
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
+ D) L& H7 U! R8 t* ^' ipossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& W; U" d! S* X* A( l) Z6 c) ?
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 u- c8 G% U( A) ?8 U
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
6 {+ d: m/ g: w) X7 N, \+ Fsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 K9 m% W; h N4 U9 ]( h8 x0 v3 v
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) C3 d! G8 d" s; e {' s$ a4 o
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# u, m7 N3 Y% V4 X; Gthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 } ^$ F* |- Q# _6 ?3 y$ V
/ p0 ^1 O$ W- K& Q3 z! s/ H(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* |1 f! @6 |& @& u0 ^! }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
