 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* X* i8 z: q9 T
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the. G# [$ O& s; o- }0 P, A% M. @& r8 q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' _8 X" B3 _* l, X8 `3 O: ~and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
( r2 h4 o5 E' R: q3 ^(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
n5 u( O( P5 s" X; Jretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ q; p9 I8 E O: O( {A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 \1 V' Z& G6 b% @
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]6 v& G5 F% U# X
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! [6 j7 b% d7 x% b1 f
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
0 l* h W) K# F. x" M7 a) Hpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* Q, W! T6 Y2 |$ Y' H: n! i# w' D0 A% e$ ?
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ e) F/ U1 s2 Wsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
) |6 I5 S) r! f" o6 q) U% l7 q+ msemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.9 I0 i V/ f! ]3 p
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 s: j3 y- n! L
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ z5 r: k9 q: S$ q, Y+ O+ F0 H
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* h A: B i6 J( O
9 V) o- Y9 c9 Y; B2 F+ ?(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ K2 `$ `6 U% \and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
