 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The1 y% ]& o! @, I5 T
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
! c$ k$ {, H8 [7 k2 n |" h5 q# Lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,6 |" w' Q6 A0 j
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ z( ?# j1 V. r
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 u- ^! ?( \( A2 K. ]7 ?1 {4 R
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: ^2 i! e6 h& `A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=( x% D) @, \7 q, P$ X0 L3 t
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: j) X( Z6 u6 d
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
( M0 O" [7 U5 ^- y. v% c: Cretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
" }$ _, C$ T9 F3 N! d/ ^possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( m' `+ C7 S" {9 O: x2 t(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two- l4 ?. t, s. X1 Z$ k2 K/ H H# O
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' q; ^+ V+ A& W/ `" }% o- \
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.2 K4 D7 _6 j1 F, \1 }8 K
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) }& p$ Y+ ]: Z( W/ ` n6 p9 u
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
5 h, O, R0 b1 R+ P( V0 ]the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..4 l' y0 E6 t) f0 X6 W" j! }" m) y( G
3 |0 z+ }% L. u* S* G8 o(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)1 H7 e' m8 H+ h3 c' F6 N
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
