 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ |9 [* C: H7 V9 @, b' E/ Z% X
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; y& o# z# }5 X. O( |
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, b7 `, @" r6 z. k6 g% x
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 r, ~9 U1 c2 E) S+ B* e
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& m, n8 G: K5 c, M* e+ }. n
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
# A, l3 E( E+ h9 w( @A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 N8 q1 N; k2 _" ~+ P' t& `[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% ]+ w1 q$ a/ O$ Y! k; J! n
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, J/ {, S0 T" e# s7 B
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 n( F4 g; r. e! d% u7 |5 R8 ]possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 z- f& j) w/ S# f; l, ?6 m(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 c' y q" |% H. |& y( Bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a: k& i. W( d" i3 h6 Z1 @2 `1 x
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.5 ^# } D% b! p* t% M: H% x( S
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
# q$ q4 E4 g* acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
; l. U' U8 V4 E. l9 S z S' mthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 `. ?: v7 {% j- P" {
2 U2 F. {* R2 l, N7 D1 _
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, `* Z7 M6 z+ N$ ?1 kand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
