 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The6 m0 ^1 D8 f* ?5 L5 ~# e
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& a5 c1 ^3 {- S# |- Y0 G& x/ @! V; e
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ d6 {' Z9 c/ O1 l* L9 ^( Nand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: \5 }, v8 y" m, ^$ h- J" B
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& ?1 t0 O6 h% q9 d" h+ c% V* M
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 J3 @, M0 Z# n& |- q2 k ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
" J: F3 T( D; s2 Y; @[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
x% c( h0 O4 F, F! w% _; U4 c(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
+ }7 }7 d+ I, |0 ]) M% K- G0 cretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on) `6 P2 W$ p* g7 H" }
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset7 Q/ ]' [. h h6 u5 Q0 B5 W, n! k
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: n! c! p. q3 G" zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a e- I, K0 H" `" o
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.! \! E2 `2 K6 s1 j2 L3 `0 `9 l
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* w) u1 ^7 W+ L3 M# }
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
; d9 H/ s t. Zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
; w0 T# ?8 Z! M2 r8 k+ h$ y* ?4 X, L% |2 Y$ X3 v( z$ L% w& H$ ]
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& ^9 I* x- K8 O+ w5 tand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
