 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 w- E6 f9 Y0 o$ D. S3 [, X S
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" Z: Y$ A; |+ W% L
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' x: ~- b) O! Q* x8 h8 Q3 S0 q" oand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) I$ b- w0 S- S
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
4 d& ~6 t- y3 ^* `& q' ^* eretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ e: b! n H1 L8 ~: R
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
: k6 ?9 D8 ]- t" h$ Y5 R8 t[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]! U( y! D1 O1 B/ w
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* c/ V* U; H) i- w7 z( X: t% t* oretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
" C; {& k1 a) ~* Wpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. E& V! L8 a. e7 A(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two4 a1 l6 b) [4 d9 S; w5 x
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a7 a$ _0 m& L Y8 `
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
) w: }) \) d9 ]' b2 H9 @1 z) M Oend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. _. Z% ~7 `0 c3 o) @9 \4 kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 R% M; B! G. S# l7 rthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
8 T: K! ~ O# j/ X5 L- J) B: U+ x9 y: }3 N; }/ |2 Q2 W
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ _* U8 X. j/ L c! land American speakers of English, |
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