 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( ]) |, J- n* O# X/ _5 D
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' Z s8 H! o6 W; H* g' U& l- a; y
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ p/ s7 M% ~4 D6 T3 I. l. z4 y+ B( ]and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial7 |! Q4 j3 |" A/ g. ]5 P( n. y
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: N% T( D1 c2 a, Z) e) U4 Y Rretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
& T/ A, ?: y. l! K$ GA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
* k. e; A4 H' [4 \' d4 i[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
6 b5 H* O' h6 B6 o& U' N(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! b- }9 T. v% |2 g* c, y/ V- {
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 ~2 O# z/ {, I0 a' h5 A
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( m# v7 t( t% X: e Q: |, T" ](Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
4 L+ j, I, L j2 U- k- W2 isegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ u5 F. m) ^+ S7 W* i6 x \
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# P$ c* m+ f: i- \7 D, e2 K2 l
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
0 X/ ^+ o& N* zcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 K+ f. c2 p0 y ?0 ~
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
% I0 u' D1 h$ r6 E2 j* `: e1 n; n' T* Y- i7 `2 w9 h
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
9 O( J4 Y0 D- D. I0 u" q" ^3 A. Pand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
