 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% }+ S6 h/ T+ Q2 n; b/ ^! \& ^% P
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the( r' w6 @8 j `7 H5 X$ k7 Z' Z0 s1 q2 ~
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
9 v0 R' ]* S3 R9 B3 x& @2 [and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 L- c$ `6 q* I2 T0 n& r# d(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, L- J' L' y" `) Y
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 Y' B! | b. [5 W- j( F* x
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
5 g- N$ f9 V" p/ T! F' Q, ?[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 e) q+ D' C: g) \/ g! ?* E(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 _( Y' o3 i/ V J/ G2 G( o7 tretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ y# \8 z7 M1 o9 |
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset0 {* W& I1 L& w6 @, w: b4 c7 G
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ ]8 u z9 u" c, Q- f4 g8 |segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
, Q S! N X; ]$ K1 asemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 e. d- T0 k! p# P7 q+ V+ x0 y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
4 c; \7 ~, D; ?/ ucompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element," @1 [$ F$ \ H
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* y0 g v8 x* C+ i' j5 O7 D
7 `4 P, C( f o6 q2 b# H; a( e
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" ^3 H# ~0 y3 z( o3 ?9 [+ ?) G! Eand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
