 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The# q9 t, O( N0 h4 c; m
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 N+ i4 e5 l( ]4 ]) Osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
1 q* v7 ]/ Y5 ^5 q4 dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: s" ?, @6 v# Q% C+ N8 h2 Q9 T
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of$ s; d& I' b; w& ]/ ]
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 ~$ @. K x# z4 J, V2 a/ h% aA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=7 `9 c9 D' u9 X9 V! z' W4 Y* i$ q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 T2 S( C; {0 z1 `4 H g+ N
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving( M4 m# h0 }# s/ z2 R; W
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* f `5 b: N# ?; i; l5 vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 G, @8 H3 j9 H+ U7 M, J+ w: Q' s" X(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
% `# e; |- Z i+ H" Psegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ W' d2 m( f8 e1 z/ Q! r _semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 m2 A) J3 G x! G" ~+ F/ \, e
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 u6 W+ E |' ?. h7 r7 t
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
5 w5 n- s0 M$ I3 z+ ]* P9 F% ]& _the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 W, ?& {) j+ G8 \' p
4 v$ R4 @! P0 ~2 N4 o
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- K. a" q4 y; F( }4 K* t
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
