 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( \# o1 c( h/ p! ~& F
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ M$ X. X% F/ k) {5 bsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
9 G- Z7 I+ z# ]; I/ Land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 F; Z# `/ y, T) c$ q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: y4 d/ ?8 P6 d4 V8 @retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)." Y8 a; c, F' ]2 ^9 E b
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
( z6 N% c" f; v[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] y; U1 F6 |: r8 `
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
0 T6 v+ Z& C$ N" Y/ G6 a' O# G2 cretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on. m6 Z2 I$ V5 m; L* q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* `, x e6 n/ a8 r7 Q! c# j(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 I' N2 U0 i }* y1 }+ x( q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! `) {0 k% ^* C. Hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! A6 p4 Z+ k' b9 G0 Send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! E/ [; F# I/ T( |compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,* V2 z6 Q( M w( v. ~
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 z3 A! Q& ~/ |" f1 V, l% R
) n" L8 q7 t+ o: L
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
( Y; V# y* ~$ V5 u6 Uand American speakers of English, |
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