 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 N! F9 _) ?: `8 XInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 X- P6 H; d0 V+ y
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 I5 f- c* ]1 }5 J! ]and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
/ c) j7 y- P. ](or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- t/ }$ b. N$ d( e( ~; Q
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) V5 J9 x! ]& I, x2 ]% YA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 G/ l3 q% }4 d: ^$ L
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
* {+ m! y0 q& A( s(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! p; U9 Y( a+ ?/ w2 qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 Y2 l9 F9 F, V% k- y. |: I& Qpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 g$ q2 i7 T, I- r' _4 i(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- A! E3 y8 d; l5 {segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 w& e5 ?( c* E3 u, [, S0 V
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! g" w. R6 O8 U+ Wend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; A" K! `; g& o, E' a& Bcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
. c" @# B5 H5 p2 }+ V0 P0 nthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla../ l( \1 }! R0 `3 H
' s# z7 [9 k! T6 i0 Q(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
' J1 A0 J8 K4 i. w* h Band American speakers of English, |
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