 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! G( V) W0 [( W9 `& o! `9 {/ ~
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: C2 N! H" H7 i
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* d0 O- T* D6 M; D; wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial/ \' C2 {3 R# X9 G4 g% U9 Z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
3 @& O; T1 f2 Eretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
/ L: m5 l" [# xA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% V) B4 K5 v1 h) |6 t' b& S
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] X% S+ W4 C1 C! X2 m$ w
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* H8 T; P, R- Q" d0 a7 X+ i4 K5 Sretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on7 O" r) m9 N, c: Y# |3 Z2 D
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset/ ?9 ?; V/ j F5 a0 h% y1 D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
o. W3 _$ t: S( T( Q; l7 ~; Tsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
. h X8 ~) u, I* psemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
C; [* i: P# y6 b" J/ E& oend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% r5 ^) \! I$ Q) [9 U! r
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
. n9 }6 E' ~7 rthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 V; ^+ V9 N& D: T+ P% z2 ]
- q# k, c! N; Y2 p+ k
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
O3 }1 R$ ^6 ~5 s% P8 l! q4 F9 _and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
