 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( k* C. E0 J Z- K4 [3 wInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
; O; P- z2 g l3 g6 x* h7 `syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,9 a( J+ G. K! m: t1 ]& ?4 R
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 C! }6 w* @- M. q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of9 c$ q. a. O. ~0 E, R5 s( a' b
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: ~7 b9 `# z9 N! K1 x7 X4 IA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=9 n% ]" }" e/ X/ E7 y
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 F4 `6 W# _& V6 J8 x(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! L$ [# T, j( {retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on* G& \0 Q. }9 B) L) q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" N) `0 o, P' f( x2 b6 @8 c(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
9 l4 y: C8 G0 G4 m7 ?segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' x) Z& ~8 \" F$ V
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 Y8 T- R+ N7 K1 |, {+ Z5 F7 V, Uend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! q' Y* a {) T9 d. K5 |+ c# b- ?
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
4 G. M u4 E5 \8 f" ~$ L( [the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
0 G B/ e. K9 ^4 V) x, }" Q9 Y4 H
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)# _1 {& \" ]; h% a, ]; |
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
