 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; @1 G0 E& a& x3 u. }
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the+ }! D9 z- n2 c( G
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,/ v7 b( K: Z3 P
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial4 W2 [, V2 b% y" w
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of; Y2 B2 D% w+ M3 s0 h. w/ \
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
, S0 i" s5 k' X: B% LA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ q+ d; U+ T: [/ M[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 o( x0 q: h2 h8 N% Y
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving; s. l2 N8 l, G7 b, ~) k9 e3 z
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 i- g+ n" V* b! |
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. h7 G% h0 \( V+ \" G6 ]
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
$ d/ x) x* h2 b% l( H5 ^segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' E9 r4 A: v% k' R0 ] z% i' d+ K
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.& n! D# L, E0 t
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In( @7 N1 x% z6 Z4 v1 a3 g
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,* m7 ]- K; c: o( o9 e" j; w
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 h% e8 n. @4 M0 _
2 P" D$ t% N# S
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)6 B% V- y+ Z& l. A8 e* d
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
