 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( Q& ^$ n) a: [/ i9 {# \
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the! W o( @& e3 H5 N! G, a
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 W5 i$ y& ]7 b" }and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
; A( ^/ L; ~6 @5 I- h/ w- z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of: n5 M8 C5 Z6 a/ b* T! v
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
& [5 a" ~0 j9 W% I* D$ a0 vA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=/ q4 Q, S8 R- S( \# o* w6 u7 y
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 M# u+ J7 k9 U. E* c(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
; v( d% }: G( g3 ?retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on; J0 X( Z' D# w! q; `" N
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 `( G+ M5 N6 o
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 x+ m G } d! \8 F! w- X0 W A1 R$ |/ z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
4 [8 E! V; _/ H: S- v% H I3 h Jsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.5 w* x+ S$ b w% E7 f) T6 N
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
6 [" ?$ ?/ `. V; u4 [* ecompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! W( h8 ]1 ]- ^( a* _% i2 ythe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' B% c# D7 O* L/ A: E
' m4 S0 n$ s) m5 L5 @(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
. f, c9 U7 |4 S5 Aand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
