 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% }; O. y& a( C6 |( u* g
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 o+ Y+ Q- f% Q8 Q- S- b
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
. }) W; t! L$ J4 Mand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) ~2 ]* l' V0 e(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of) U5 `5 ?. T( _& a$ D' F0 L
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
( J: H2 P5 j1 Y' ^9 |& JA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
. G7 J, J& c0 W# @. ~; @) s[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 Q) i: G) [/ C1 t% x2 a(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ Q8 N% `2 B0 ] H3 m4 Z2 gretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: c7 R% y9 m ^5 h" [4 X. z! P/ u# o5 _possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset+ c. |0 u2 C1 j! A# `1 K/ i
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 L: a( L* @/ ~1 ssegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ L$ Y0 J3 v3 w* b9 h4 i
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
* G3 [! n4 C6 ~end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. `- @4 s U- T3 Gcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 J4 H. }2 [9 A3 {' _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.. L; p9 Y$ d# B
1 i. @0 ~* h. X! M7 b! n+ `) M; n(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) t" x* R0 y! [$ p; q6 M& ?2 }
and American speakers of English, |
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