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2009年04月23日 新东方在线 % S$ T ^9 |2 y; t# C: i# u
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no standing 与free-standing:1 f7 o8 K8 Q+ E; D( W- R. [
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no standing 意思是不准在此停车,即使司机还在车上也不行。也就是“don't stop”或“no car at all”,通常用在大城市交通十分拥挤的地方。至于“no parking”,意思也是不准在此停车,但司机还可以坐在车里一段时间,必要时,可随时移动车子,也就是“you may stay in your car for a short period of time。”2 ]1 U0 k, \4 V7 k+ m5 D) d
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例如:Walking along the street, I saw a “no standing” sign。
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" C' N7 [% Q2 }+ `4 x8 M3 O. G 走在路上,我看到一个“不准停车”的路牌。In New York City there are many “no standing” signs (posted) on the streets。
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5 s; m* H. m- O6 ^ r- Z- X8 ]1 a 在纽约市,路上有许多“不准停车”的牌子。& k* Q* ^. {! y2 B" r! h0 \
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“No parking” signs sprang up around the school campus。+ |. p! ]; U* B# ~2 P; o
: D1 A% w& d8 ~& N 校园里出现一些“不准停车”的路牌。; \& T/ P) a X5 Z) H) y+ f& c
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spring up = appeared 也就是说:……Signs were put up around……但是free-standing是形容词,意思是独立式的,多指为特别用途而盖的单独建筑物或指一大建筑特的某种装饰。2 Q* R* ~9 U; a8 U. E
/ x ?2 C* O3 H5 T- G& F: N 例如:
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' f/ E8 m9 L8 y7 T1 U; R There is a new free-standing restaurant near the downtown area。+ U, z! {, u( E; C7 V: B
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在市中心区附近有座新的独立餐馆
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Mr. A built a free-standing shoe store behind the mall。
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8 U3 b: n/ F3 T6 Q( f% r6 }. R e0 C A先生在采购中心后面盖了一栋独立鞋店)The free-standing design does not overpower the rest of the buildings surrounding it。(这种独立式的设计,不会影响其他建筑物的外观。)(overpower=distract压倒或扰乱)
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break the house与housebreak:
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3 g. T B+ U7 Y5 S: K housebreak 是指训练狗、猫等宠物,使其能在指定的地点大、小便,以保持家里的卫生。" j7 l4 o% F% a; [* D
2 R( {" N! L& @( u5 ` 例如:The dog (或cat) has been housebroken。或My dog is housebroken。(多半用被动语态)但也有人用主动语态。
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例如:1 }2 P9 _+ O7 c
# X8 o+ C9 ~0 B( y Pet owners should housebreak their dogs and cats。4 q$ j Z* t4 o. ]0 X+ A6 d" {; ?
9 I0 j2 }, s, j! L8 o$ t; O7 z 宠物主人应该训练狗猫的卫生习惯。" I- s9 c1 q/ ~
) [5 Z+ @6 ?' V- }8 _ 或者可以说 Housebreaking is necessary for cats and dogs。; A% {' B' v7 [" K F
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但是“break the house”是指破坏了房子。
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' _" W y1 w. X) t 例如:
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Accidentally, he broke the house by backing up his car。8 r( Q D, G& N9 h' T6 D
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他倒车时,意外碰坏了房子。(broke=damaged)
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K; n6 n2 x! X7 D; A2 L7 W The house was broken by a hurricane。0 m7 b8 M+ p# j
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风破坏了房子。% i, Z. w6 W9 R" X7 a
" Z. A8 z ^& Z- R% r$ @8 c# ] 但用在赌场(casino)时,又指赢了一大笔钱(won lots of money)8 A' @9 I S/ R+ N/ d) m) b7 |
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kick off与 tip off:
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kick off意思是指任何事情的正式开始,有时也指球赛。5 s; ^, R( y% w; V
) T5 l6 j, y) o0 z 例如:2 n2 F/ a% i( x" U$ F: ~; [
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Our school has recently kicked off a mass fundraising campaign。5 a( G3 N0 m5 |) P
* p& ^8 W5 \! u 我们学校最近发动一次大规划的筹款运动。+ \; ?% R6 g' t* R$ l6 m6 F3 w$ X3 [& N
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We will kick off the no-smoking drive。
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6 o1 \* ?7 L# [ 我们将要发动戒烟运动。- u0 a3 Y( g9 s9 ]
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They are going to kick off the football game tomorrow。
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+ @1 c" U4 l V5 r, p( ? 他们明天正式开始足球赛。1 |1 m# f5 @! c+ l4 }# o
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多半是用主动语态,有时也用被动。
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例如:
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The fund–raising campaign was kicked off by a millionaire。
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. A D, a( j$ r% k 一位百万富翁发起捐款运动。3 |& l p2 D. z& d1 y
* y3 o% U: f- [" u3 ] 但是,tip off 虽然也指开始,不过多半是指篮球开赛前,裁判开球让两边球员跳球。例如:The players tipped off the basketball game at 2:00 yesterday afternoon。5 p9 t! `8 P' H
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篮球赛于昨天下午两点开始。
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注意:to tip(someone)off意思又是通知某人(to inform someone)) y' k1 {# x/ X0 n% k
$ v2 l% K$ K/ g$ v6 n, C 例如:% D( G7 j% t5 l' V( n, H' u/ Y
/ @ n- x7 a O$ \/ o6 U I will tip him off about this breaking news。: w) L3 ]6 w i( w
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我要告诉他最新消息。(breaking=latest)
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: C. d7 E# b) P* g$ Y# W+ g 有时也用tip off him about…… |
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