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2009年04月23日 新东方在线
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no standing 与free-standing:( _3 o( N4 g) k; S, h
1 @, s7 m& s7 \. E n. G, s. Q no standing 意思是不准在此停车,即使司机还在车上也不行。也就是“don't stop”或“no car at all”,通常用在大城市交通十分拥挤的地方。至于“no parking”,意思也是不准在此停车,但司机还可以坐在车里一段时间,必要时,可随时移动车子,也就是“you may stay in your car for a short period of time。”2 o4 j4 t; E& }- Y0 k
& Z' c% m7 L% i. H" R F9 v 例如:Walking along the street, I saw a “no standing” sign。
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) h% d k8 k( d" |" D* n7 Z/ u 走在路上,我看到一个“不准停车”的路牌。In New York City there are many “no standing” signs (posted) on the streets。; a$ G: q( C+ u8 t8 H% O
- W+ Q0 b. [% p. W& M% c4 @' V 在纽约市,路上有许多“不准停车”的牌子。
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“No parking” signs sprang up around the school campus。
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. y! F+ R3 n9 k: g! ~ 校园里出现一些“不准停车”的路牌。
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3 O* }* C5 N7 A' C, y6 s spring up = appeared 也就是说:……Signs were put up around……但是free-standing是形容词,意思是独立式的,多指为特别用途而盖的单独建筑物或指一大建筑特的某种装饰。
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例如:
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" `+ R0 ^" c4 y+ N5 x J There is a new free-standing restaurant near the downtown area。5 m2 Q! u' H$ g5 p j3 [
7 _/ ^! i6 E6 b; x/ [1 U+ U* j 在市中心区附近有座新的独立餐馆' _( k6 p+ g9 l2 \7 ?6 \
2 d: j8 C9 t- ~, \/ o% H Mr. A built a free-standing shoe store behind the mall。
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A先生在采购中心后面盖了一栋独立鞋店)The free-standing design does not overpower the rest of the buildings surrounding it。(这种独立式的设计,不会影响其他建筑物的外观。)(overpower=distract压倒或扰乱)2 n3 M4 J1 Q3 D4 y
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break the house与housebreak:
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housebreak 是指训练狗、猫等宠物,使其能在指定的地点大、小便,以保持家里的卫生。: k9 E, |& ? S( _ a. C4 ?+ p
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例如:The dog (或cat) has been housebroken。或My dog is housebroken。(多半用被动语态)但也有人用主动语态。
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: m/ J. l; O- S' {1 ]9 K. s 例如:
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1 W$ [6 z `4 u& n/ T Pet owners should housebreak their dogs and cats。0 }8 x. z9 \# t X
6 P7 P9 z& p) Q5 A, V1 M 宠物主人应该训练狗猫的卫生习惯。
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4 r# F! d" z$ v% Z: D5 t* e0 O" } 或者可以说 Housebreaking is necessary for cats and dogs。" y- `& l D( B! a+ i
9 U! J" u, q* b k' {* M 但是“break the house”是指破坏了房子。/ b7 a) v7 _+ p' N
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例如:
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Accidentally, he broke the house by backing up his car。. [, O( z( b4 M/ B9 j
- J* A- v9 ?0 D+ G" l/ H m. V% G 他倒车时,意外碰坏了房子。(broke=damaged)
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The house was broken by a hurricane。3 s7 ?, g+ M- f7 m3 S* ^' _
. M5 L: t2 L& n( P 风破坏了房子。4 {# x) d" Q7 P! r8 f+ H. c) C
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但用在赌场(casino)时,又指赢了一大笔钱(won lots of money); f% N; i" r) g+ q& X# [7 K
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kick off与 tip off: {& t- k6 J8 K u7 b
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kick off意思是指任何事情的正式开始,有时也指球赛。! s- g$ Y* N8 H: G6 V( ] C+ s& M2 H, c
, J1 [! C/ }" b- d 例如:* T/ }: ^2 N/ q0 Y
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Our school has recently kicked off a mass fundraising campaign。- \# P6 e& s0 h! n. |& K! I- j
0 H c* d% H1 W) t! F1 h4 @ 我们学校最近发动一次大规划的筹款运动。0 M n* x2 v. j8 A1 J
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We will kick off the no-smoking drive。4 l8 a: O( T5 t8 ?
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我们将要发动戒烟运动。9 E% D6 @0 Y4 o1 \5 j. m; t+ M
+ n/ ?/ `1 k8 p$ } They are going to kick off the football game tomorrow。
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1 _5 Q0 g& a1 N; n0 T- M 他们明天正式开始足球赛。
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多半是用主动语态,有时也用被动。: T4 ]8 O% V( k9 E$ V
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例如:
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8 O0 y9 O6 k( i, ] The fund–raising campaign was kicked off by a millionaire。
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一位百万富翁发起捐款运动。+ Q2 y3 g" Z6 a, }; y# k9 k
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但是,tip off 虽然也指开始,不过多半是指篮球开赛前,裁判开球让两边球员跳球。例如:The players tipped off the basketball game at 2:00 yesterday afternoon。* s! o7 S9 M2 L% w: U
5 ^1 F- |0 J1 g# q/ t 篮球赛于昨天下午两点开始。; H. x- Q) H& y j2 O
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注意:to tip(someone)off意思又是通知某人(to inform someone)( \6 x- a1 t3 r. s
# |4 z2 n* }# O; H6 s# T 例如:
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& Q: }" z6 C* q# Q( z5 {4 h I will tip him off about this breaking news。) m: b& S: C3 m$ ], p* J
* G6 J# k- {! G& |5 D. K 我要告诉他最新消息。(breaking=latest), G. I5 r( K0 P& C- D
& P1 d$ X' X+ \" n; T" }$ z; i$ ~ 有时也用tip off him about…… |
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