在加拿大找工作 (ZT)

laoshi · 发表于 2004-7-14 09:43

在加拿大找工作 (ZT)

老农民

很多媒体说:“加拿大是最适合于人类生活的地方”,大量同胞蜂拥至此,主要也都
是基于这个原因。俺认为:要在这个"最适合于人类生活的地方"落地生根还得需要
最少两个条件来支持才行：

1.是良好的心态(包括心理文化,心理素质等…)

2.是有一份稳定的工作 (老人家常常说：花死钱不如花生钱。这就是为什么要工
作！)

其实在将来的生活中第一条比第二条重要，也很深奥，更需要时间来慢慢领会。
由于第二是眼前要生存的事情，在此第一条就先不谈了…

这几天又发现板子里不少的朋友为了工作而烦恼。老农民还是跟以前些日子一样，
挺闲的…呵呵！所以，下面的资料是从不同的网站收集回来的，再加上自己的一
些经历。希望能给新老移民一些帮助！

一. 工作的信息如何找

人人都有自己找工作的经验，并且每个移民找工作的经历都可以写一本书，但我
们知道的并不多。很多人认为找工作的渠道就这几样东西：

1.亲戚朋友的介绍，

2.网上或报纸上的招聘，

3.劳务中介。

其实，找工的方式有很多种，它们的有效率用百分比来表示:

1.利用互联网来看公司网站，中介网站，或者把自己的简历贴在网站上等人来看。
(1%)

2.随意地挑选报纸，电话簿上的公司，寄出自己的简历。(7%)

3.应聘自己行内发行的专业杂志，新闻简报上的招聘广告。(7%)

4.应聘登载在本地报纸上的招工广告。 (5-24%，取决于工资要求)

5.通过私人的就业中介。 (5-24%，取决于工资要求)

6.参加招聘会，和雇主直接见面，当面由雇主挑选。(8%)

7.和以前的老师，教授联系，看有没有门路。(12%)

8.通过当地政府人力资源部就业辅助中心寻求机会。(14%)

9.向朋友，旧同事，老乡，亲戚打听，看他们有没有好介绍。(33%)

10.不管对方有没有空缺，有没有登广告，直接找那些你感兴趣的企业，亲自上门
看有没有机会。(47%)

11.翻开电话簿，找到那些你认为可以的企业，打电话去看他们是否在招你这样的
人。 (69%)

12.和一群找工的人，大家一起看电话簿打电话给潜在雇主。(84%)

看完以上部分，你可能发现一些有趣的事实：找工花功夫越多、越难堪、看起来
越不可能的方式，成功率越大。更重要的是，不要只限于一种方式，同时用几种，
机会就大多了。所以，如果你有上述哪些还没有用到的不妨试试，可能会有意想
不到的效果哦！

挖空心思找线索

如何捕获招工信息？嗯！上面说了所以这里就不再重复了！从捕获方式上来讲，
有主动与被动之分。被动方式主要是设法获取雇主公开发布出来的招工信息，这
种方式工作机会少，竞争者多，成功几率低。

主动方式是与雇主直接联系(电话，信件，传真，登门和E-MAIL等)或从朋友处获
得隐藏的招工信息，这种方式工作机会多，竞争者少，成功几率高。捕获招工信
息要发挥想象，从某个信息中挖掘出潜藏的招工信息。比如：某个朋友熟人要跳
槽，那么他原来的职位也许需要填充，这就可能隐藏着一个招工信息！在媒体上
得知某个大公司获得了一个大订单，那么这个大公司也许要扩从人手，这就可能
隐藏着招工信息。

除了上述的主动方式之外，还可以直接翻开黄页，找到与自己工作相关的公司。
直接打个电话问他们的经理是否要招聘，是否愿意接受并保存你发给他们的简历。
这种电话找工作的好处可大了！

1.可以训练英语口语。如果发现是在听不懂或者没法沟通的话，就说句SORRY后把
电话给挂了。反正他们不知道你是谁…呵呵！

2.能直接捕获招工信息。如果他们正好需要人的话。你不就碰上狗屎运了吗！？

3.训练自己的胆量。一般的新移民都不太敢直接和老外沟通，怕自己的英语烂，人
家听不懂。这些都是人之常情，俺的情况不比你们好！记得刚来的时候人家老外跟
俺打招呼“HEY HOW ARE YOU ？”俺听到后扭头就走！让那个老外还觉得俺挺不礼
貌的！其实，俺当时就不知道指随便回一句“HOW ARE YOU”就行了…想想当时也够
笨的…呵呵！

4.训练自己的厚脸皮。相信能以技术移民来到这的朋友大部分都是比较内向的吧！？
是的话也就证明你的脸皮比较薄。其实应该说：先暂时放下自尊找到工作，先能生
存才是最重要。有很多人是因为放不下自己的以往的尊严，总拿自己在国内的优越
感来和其它人比。结果下场就像俺当初一样…两年找不到工作。

5.此举将为你简历上的工作经验再添一笔。经过不断的电话交谈，在一定的时间后，
你的谈话技巧，应该有所增长了。所以，大可以在你的简历上添加一笔Telemarketing
的北美工作经验喽！呵呵！尤其在Interview的时候，当经理问起来的时候也不会哑口
无言了。

6.训练你对西方人的沟通。西方人的口语，俗语等都能在电话中找到。免费学英文哦！

只要你能安安心心的坐在家里一个星期，像正式工作似的去找工作。让俺帮你算算…
一个电话5分钟…每天8个小时的工作…共96个电话。一个星期五天共450个电话，再
给你打个八折…就这样360个电话。以俺的市场经验来说你应该能得到最少7.2个工作
信息。若你连续这么做一个星期都没有一丁点信息的话，告诉俺。待俺帮你找出原因！

二. 简历

简历作为找工作的第一块敲门砖，一定要精雕细刻。从字体，格式到内容，都必须要
精心安排。内容方面一定要具体充实并让人觉得真实。千篇一律的简历是没有效果的。
简历一定要击中招聘广告中的关键词。

各位在国内可能干过很多不同的工作，也许在很多方面都有成就，但是要敢于舍弃。
即使成就巨大，如果与招聘职位没有关系，那这个经历就不要写。试想想：经理们每
天都很忙，当他们看到你简历上的工作与他们要求的不相符的话，唯一可以做的就是
把它扔到垃圾桶…那么你发简历的工作也就白费了。

有很多人寄送了许多简历却很少得到答复，为什么呢？其实很多人在发送求职简历的
时候忽视了写Cover Letter。 Cover Letter是放在简历前面的说明发送简历目的的说
明信。是北美求职最主要的手段之一，是绝对不可缺少的首要求职文件，是简历天然
的伴侣。它给雇主一个快速的参考，尤其是你的简历如果很通用，没有专门为申请的
公司裁剪的时候，Cover Letter 可以起很大的作用。如果你给一个公司发送求职简历
而不写Cover Letter，在某种程度上相当于在求职面试时不穿西服而穿一个老头衫。
这样的人谁要！？

Cover Letter 主要覆盖以下几个问题：

1.你怎么知道他们的招聘信息的。

2.告诉他们，你就是他们要找的人（当然在简历上的工作要对口才行哦！）

3.要求一个面试再详谈。

上面已经说过：千篇一律的简历是没有效果的简。但许多时候人们不愿意花更多的
时间去准备简历，因为有时候版本太多搞得人无从适应。所以如果一定要用千篇一
律的简历来应付众多公司的话，无论如何，Cover letter是不应该写成通用的，一
定要瞄准申请的公司来写。

信上或者简历上要写上你最方便的电话号码和拨打时间。一定要再三检查雇主的姓
名和地址。Cover letter中不能有任何拼写错误和语法错误。

三.满怀兴奋和自信的心情去应聘

俺曾经应聘过六个职位，成功四个，失败两个。从接获应聘通知到应聘结束我一般
要经过四个过程：材料准备，形象仪表提升，应聘模拟。应聘，一般发很多简历才
能得到一个面试机会，我也不可能把发过简历的每个雇主了解得一清二楚，所以接
获应聘通知后马上进行雇主背景调查，了解雇主的详细资料：如公司经营产品，公
司的管理人员名字。新产品开发等等。当然应聘职位相关问题答案准备必不可少，
其他还包括打印雇主详细地图，计划前去方式及路线，准备应带去的著作，论文，
证书，相关实物(如自编软体光盘)等。俺第一次接获应聘通知时头发很长，好几个
月没理，估计就是失败的原因。所以，第二次，不能再省钱了，赶紧去理，并提前
买好口香糖。穿上一身行头，在家与操练Interview，操练多次直到自己认为畅顺了
为止。注意一定要穿上应聘时的行头(包括皮鞋)模拟应聘找感觉。如果雇主地址较
偏，可以提前一天先去视察，弄清哪一个大门进。要去面试了，带上口香糖，小镜
子，梳子，材料妥善放置的专用Interview包，没有好的包，找朋友借好了。

哇！准备这么充分，没信心才怪呢！到雇主公司了，接待员会叫你填一个访客表格，
也许会给你一个临时牌牌，离开时要归还的。别怕！Interview都是那些步骤，首先
他们会拿出一个定制好的表格依次问你问题，他们会看着你的简历来问你相关问题，
当然你会很熟悉哟。然后他们会问你与应聘职位相关的问题，如果你准备得充分就不
用怕了。最后可能会有书面问题回答或实际操作来考你。如：当“这”中情况发生时，
你会怎么处理？除此之外，还有类似以下的问题：

Why do you want to work here?
Why did you leave your last job?
What kin of salary do you need?
How much were you absent from work in your last job?
How is your health?
When are you available for work?
What are your greatest strengths?
What are your weaknesses?
What is your last employer’s Opinion of you?
What are your long-range goals?
What kind of Machines or Equipment have you worked with?
Can you work under pressure or tight deadlines?
Are you thinking of going back to school/college/home town?
What is your greatest achievement?
How long have you been out of work? How often have you changed jobs?

上述的问题就不再做翻译了，不过在回答的过程中，虽然有些答案很简单，但最
好回答的时候不要使用一两句简单的回复，尽量多说一些例子或者原因来支持你
的回答。

Interview完了，喔…还没有。他们还会问你

还有什么要说，你可以拿出你的文章，证书什么的展示一下。本人英语较差，实
际Interview时采取了一些技巧：

1.多说。因为说得再差他们也能听懂，反过来，如果让他们多说，听不懂提问，答
的牛头不对马嘴那就麻烦了。当然说的还要尽量围绕应聘职位，同时察言观色，
如果他们对你说的感兴趣就尽管发挥，如果他们不耐烦了，就赶紧刹车。

2.Interview时不让纯粹的对话来充斥，经常拿出准备好的实物，还有纸和笔等，图
文并茂的文字材料来答复他们，此时不用多说，一切尽在不言中，效果也很好。每
个人的情况不同，应聘策略都不一样，大家应该多与朋友交流，努力提高应聘水平，
早日找到一份满意的工作。

四. 应聘后的跟进

面试回来了，感觉不错别太兴奋，搞砸了也别悲观，还有一件事要赶紧办呢！这就是
写一封跟进信（Follow-up Letter）。俺的感觉是不要发E-MAIL来Follow Up， E-MAIL
太多太烂不值钱了，还是实实在在的信真实珍贵。如果你的英文草体很棒，不防用手
写，否则还是用计算机来处理，信封也可以用打印机来打印。切记别忘了签名一定要
用手写。至于内容，一是感谢。二是增添一点素材。三是表示强烈的渴望之情。四是
表示希望尽快得到回音。如果最终雇主拒绝了，还要写一封Follow Up信，一是表示感
谢，二是表示希望今后有合适的职位请给予考虑，总之虎头虎尾去跟进就对了。

五.持之以恒终有成

找工作本身就是一个工作，每一次Interview都是向成功迈出的一步。只要不虚度光阴
就行了。即使我们去做LABOUR也是为了积蓄力量，劳动最光荣。俺见到太多的同胞无
精打采，头发早白，真急人啊！这个样子雇主怎么能接受呢？俺想说，俺们来加拿大
不是来受罪的，也不是来这里自己给自己加压力的，抬起头，挺起胸，去迎接每一天，
持之以恒总会找到一份合适的工作。

最后要知道，加拿大华人虽多，但毕竟还是一个英语国家。在加拿大求职，英语是你
最最重要的技巧。即使你现在已经知道Cover letter的重要性和写作技巧，但如果只
能用美丽的中文，而不能用简洁的英文表达出来，你在加拿大找到工作的机会，还是
一样渺茫。

移民成功的第一个标志是获得一份象样的工作。获得一个象样的工作的主要因素是你
的职业技能。在中国求职时，你不需要考虑太多语言和技巧问题。但在加拿大，不管
这个国家在我们心目中是亲近还是遥远，大家依然不能忘记这是另外一个国家：在这
里，求职技巧和语言能力，是保证外来者落地成功的最重要的两个能力。

到这里俺也累了！大家也看累了吧？下面的一些简历样本给大家参考参考。还有不同
的书信样本。等大家找到好工作了！记着请俺吃一顿就好了！呵呵！

homer · 发表于 2004-7-14 20:18

seems reasonable. :cool:

I am looking forward to read your cover letter and ......:o :o :P

laoshi · 发表于 2004-7-15 07:25

Introduction
Developing a Resumé is the first step in any successful job search. The average Resumé is written out of necessity: Everyone knows you have to have one to get a job.
In fact, most employers require a Resumé before accepting any application, regardless of the position or its pay. You need a Resumé, and you need it now. Time is of the essence in today's job market.
While hundreds of jobs come open every day, their average life span-and your window of opportunity-has now become a matter of weeks. Employers can't afford losses in productivity, so they need to fill open positions as quickly as possible.
That means opportunities can (and most certainly will) arise unexpectedly. You must be prepared for anything at any time. Having a Resumé handy from the outset of a job search enables you to take advantage of what may come along the way.
When you're hunting for a job, the Resumé is your introduction. An effective Resumé gets employers interested in making person-to-person contact with you.
Research suggests that most Resumés are scanned very quickly - for less than a minute. Thus, the decision to interview a candidate is usually based on an overall first impression of him or her.
The Resumé must clearly, concisely and strategically present your qualifications, and show how you can help employers solve the problems they currently face in their business. In short, you must prove your worth as a potential employee in order to progress to the interview stage of the job search.
Your Resumé is one way of communicating the value you offer a perspective employer and of differentiating yourself from the field of job seekers.
Therefore, your Resumé needs to convey three things to those who read it:
1. You have the skills, talent and personal qualities to accomplish those things that are important to an employer.
2. You have a history of training, accomplishments and/or experience to substantiate this claim.
3. You will be an asset to the organization insofar as you facilitate its operations, have positive work attitudes and get along with others.
The Resumé is part employability profile and part promotional device. To write effective Resumés, you must learn how to write powerful yet subtle advertising copy. You have to sell yourself.
Remember: Employers are hiring you, not a piece of paper. Think of the Resumé as a personal advertisement, which promotes you and what you can do - those qualities enabling you to produce tangible results in the workplace.
This Resumé-writing guide is intended to help you sort out, clarify and describe your qualifications to prospective employers. It is designed to help you think about and address employers' real needs so that you can convey to them how and why you're a truly exceptional candidate for the job.
Contact Information
(Name, Address, Phone Number, E-mail, Fax Number)

Directions: Please fill out your contact information, as you want it to appear at the header of your Resumé. Look over the information you're giving carefully--every letter and digit counts!
 In most cases, it's best to use your legal name, which is the one that appears on your school records and social insurance card. You don't want to confuse employers by using several versions of your name, and you want them to be able to readily access your records from previous employers, educational institutions, etc.
 The phone number you list is important. This is how employers contact you. Therefore, it is advisable to give a number where you can be reached, either in person or by machine, between the hours of 8am and 5pm, Monday through Friday. You don't want employers to discard your Resumé because they can't reach you.

2-Minute Summary, or My Personal Summary Oftentimes, employers want to know something in addition to the nuts and bolts of your employment history. In other words, they want to know a little about you. Here are some topics you might want to touch on in your personal statement:
 YOUR FORMATIVE YEARS. Where did you grow up? What did your parents do for a living? What kinds of things fascinated you as a child? How did the events of you childhood affect or shape the course of your professional life?
NOTE: Don't spend too much time discussing your early life if it doesn't have much to do with where you are today. On the other hand, if your early obsession with rocks eventually led to a career in the petroleum industry, talk about it. Employers like to hire people who're genuinely interested in what they do.
 YOUR EDUCATIONAL CREDENTIALS. Where did you attend college? What did you major/minor in? How did the course of your studies impact the direction of your professional life? Why did you choose to study what you did?
 YOUR CAREER TO THIS POINT. Where have you been? What is particularly interesting about the progression of your career to this point? What are some of your biggest and/or most important work-related accomplishments?
 YOUR CAREER IN TRANSITION. Why are you in transition or changing jobs?
 YOUR CAREER IN MOTION. What do you want to do next? Why? Why do you want to it in a particular setting?
 YOUR FAMILY STATUS. Feel free to comment on your family life, if you feel it's significant. You'll probably want to omit this topic entirely if you're recently divorced or temporarily separated from your spouse. Don't give employers the wrong impression - that personal issue might negatively affect your work.
 YOUR INTERESTS. The advantage of telling employers about your interests is that they can indicate a skill or an area of knowledge that is related to your career goal(s). For example, someone looking for a position in a public relations office might describe his or her interest in photography. Hobbies can also be an effective way of conveying your well roundedness to employers.
What you need to know before you start composing your Resumé... Effective commercials always target a specific audience to generate sales. What good would it do to market a convertible to people over sixty, when all they really want is a safe, reliable car for taking their grandchildren to the park? The same is true of Resumés: You can't expect an employer to hire a bricklayer when he or she really needs a computer programmer.
You must give some thought to the audience of your Resumé. Usually, the person reading the Resumés is the person who will be doing the hiring. This is the person who is responsible for the bottom line productivity of the organization you hope to be a part of. And, this is someone who cares deeply about the quality of the work that will be done. This is also the person to whom you should target your Resumé.
Put yourself in their shoes: What would they want to know about a prospective employee? What would get them interested in and even excited about meeting you?
The first thing you need to do is get clear what an employer is looking for and what you have to offer him or her.
Finding out what employers want...If you're seeking a job in some field you know well, you probably already know what would make someone a superior candidate. But, if you aren't sure, you can gather clues from want ads and people presently employed in that field. You could even contact an employer and ask him or her what would make someone an ideal candidate for the position. This information is vital for writing a Resumé that markets you to prospective employers. You can use it to tailor your skills and abilities to match the requirements of the position you're seeking.
Figuring out what you have to offer...If you're like most people, this is the hardest part about writing a Resumé. It's often difficult to see connections between the things you have done and the things an employer is looking for. You have knowledge and experience of all sorts, but an employer wants to see your qualifications . They want to learn about your marketable skills and characteristics, which means you need to learn how to brag...

Identifying Your Skills, Talents and Personal Qualifications
Most people feel a bit uneasy when it comes to talking about (or talking up) what they do well. No one likes a braggart; so few people feel comfortable bragging about themselves. If we hold dear what our mothers taught us, we might never find a job - because we would forever be imagining ourselves as less qualified than the next guy or gal.
Since you are the right person for the job, however, the rules can be bent. During the job search, the motto is this: It's okay to boast as long as you have something to boast about. Still feel like you don't have anything much to talk about? You are not alone.
But you are mistaken: Like most people, you have hundreds of skills. How can this be? You never learned how to boast, to explain the myriad skills you have or to express your own aptitude to others.
The fact is, you probably take for granted many things you do well that others would find hard or even impossible to do. That is what sets you apart from others and makes you valuable to prospective employers.
A note on skills vs. duties...Many people find it difficult to distinguish their skills from their duties. Duties are the basic functions of an activity, while skills are the tools by which one accomplishes those functions. Duties or functions are part of any organized activity, whether it is work or play.
A simple way to illustrate the difference between duties and skills is to consider the management of a lemonade stand. The basic duties of a lemonade stand owner might be: "To manage lemonade operations, including marketing, distribution and finances."
There are many skills he or she might need to carry out these functions. Some examples of those skills are: mixing, measuring, planning, sales, customer service, writing, cash handling, record keeping, maintenance, timeliness, dependability, accuracy, and motivation. A complete list of skills would be very long, but the important point to remember is that it takes a number of skills to accomplish even the most simple duties or functions.
Developing Your Skills Language
In order to identify your skills, you must know where to look for them. There are three areas that you should inquire into: previous jobs, personal traits and specific talents. Each area corresponds to a particular type of skill.
 Job-Related Skills. These are the skills you need to do a specific job, and the ones you have developed in or for past jobs. An auto mechanic, for example, needs to know how to tune engines, repair brakes and use a variety of tools. These are all skills that he or she would need to repair cars. They are job-related skills, and most people think of job skills when they are asked what kind of skills they have.
 Adaptive Skills or Self-Management Skills. These skills can also be defined as personality traits or personal characteristics. Such skills are those that you use day by day to get along with others or to adjust to a particular situation. They are skills that make you unique. For example, honesty and enthusiasm are traits that employers look for in a good worker, as evidence of how he or she will "fit" into the organization. While many job seekers do not emphasize these skills in Resumés, employers look for them.
 Transferable Skills. These are skills that can transfer from one job or occupation to another. Because most people do not find jobs identical to their previous ones, it is important to determine how your skills transfer into other opportunities. Writing clearly and the ability to organize things are two examples of transferable skills that you can employ in almost any work situation.
Transferable skills generally fall into five categories:
4. Communication: the skillful expression, transmission and interpretation of knowledge and ideas
5. Research and Planning: the search for specific knowledge and the ability to conceptualize future needs and to devise solutions for meeting those needs
6. Human Relations: the use of interpersonal skills for resolving conflict, helping and relating to people
7. Organization, Management and Leadership: the ability to supervise, direct and guide individuals and groups in the completion of tasks and fulfillment of goals
8. Work Survival: the day-to-day skills that assist in promoting effective production and work satisfaction.

Targeting Your Resumé
Writing Your Objective or Career Summary
First of all, targeting your Resumé to an employer requires absolute clarity as to the direction in which you want to take your career. You could start by naming the position you intend to pursue. However, simply listing the title of the job you're seeking can be risky. There are over 20,000 job titles in use today-far too many for you or anyone else to really know well. Every work environment is different. You might be delighted to work in one place and entirely miserable working in another. Both situations could look very much the same. They could even have the same job title. This is why you should include an Objective or a Career Summary at the beginning of your Resumé. You want employers to know from the outset what you want to do, as well as what you want to prove you're qualified to do. A focused and well written Objective or Career Summary should convey a powerful message to employers-that there is a perfect "fit" between you and their organization.
If you're making a career change or are a recent graduate, use an Objective...An Objective should include information on the type of position you seek and the most compelling qualities, abilities or accomplishments that will make you stand out from the other applicants. Here are the basic formulae:
OBJECTIVE: "To secure X position in an organization where Y and Z skills would be utilized."
OBJECTIVE: "To secure a position in X in which I may employ Y and Z."
The point of using an Objective is to create a psychological response in an employer by getting him or her to immediately focus on where you're going with your career, rather than where you have (or have not) been.
If you're looking for a new job in the same field, use a Career Summary...A Career Summary highlights your background and provides a brief overview of your most important qualifications, skills and/or professional experience. Here's the basic formula:
CAREER SUMMARY:
 A short phrase describing your profession
 Two or three additional statements relating to:
9. the breadth or depth of your skills
10. the unique combination of skills you possess
11. your innovative approach to the work
12. the range of environments in which you have experience
13. your history of awards, promotions or commendations
14. your special or well-documented accomplishments in the field
 A sentence describing your professional objective or interest

Choosing the Right Resumé Format for You
Resumé format refers not to the design or look of your Resumé but to how you organize and emphasize the information you use to back-up your Objective or Career Summary. It is important to choose a Resumé format that will best suit your individual background. The idea is to format your Resumé in a way that best presents you-your skills, personal traits and work experience-to a prospective employer.
There are three basic types of Resumés: Chronological, Functional and Combination.
The chronological format gives a job-by-job retelling of your experience. It's the traditional favourite of employers because it reads quickly and enables them to spot flaws easily. The skills-based functional format emphasizes what you can do rather than what you have done and where you did it. Finally, the combination format merges skills summaries with job histories, which allows job seekers to place their most marketable skills and experiences at the forefront of their Resumés.
 The Chronological Resumé cites your employment history in reverse chronological order, from your most recent position back. It shows dates as well as employers and educational institutions (college, vocational/technical schools and career-oriented programs or courses). This is an up-front format: It demonstrates exactly how and where your career has progressed, underscoring continuity from job to job.
Who Should Write a Chronological Resumé?
 This format is best for people with a steady work history, which reflects constant growth or lateral movement.
 It is important that your experience be extremely relevant to the position(s) you're seeking. Having a proven track record in one field or industry does little to convince employers in another field or industry that you're worth hiring. Chronological Resumés are not for people looking to make significant transitions in their careers--like changing fields.
 It helps if your recent job titles are impressive; they get an employer's attention.
 This is not the best format for someone with blemishes on his or her work history: gaps, demotions, stagnation in a single position, job hopping, and recent re-entry into the workforce can give employers pause.
 The Functional Resumé highlights your diverse range of abilities and transferable skills, while downplaying your job history. This format offers a lot of flexibility insofar as you can vary the categories of skills and abilities you choose to highlight, which allows you to focus on your specific qualifications for the position.
Who Should Write a Functional Resumé?
 This format is perfect for career changers, recent graduates and people with gaps or problems in their employment histories.
 People looking to change industries or to work in a new field should use Functional Resumés. They allow you to emphasize skills that support your objective and relate to your field of interest. It's like serving up your functional skills on a silver platter. This format uses unpaid and/or non-work-related experience to your best advantage.
 The Combination Resumé includes elements of both the chronological and functional formats. It satisfies demands for employment timelines, and it showcases your most marketable skills and impressive accomplishments. The advantage of this format is that it allays any possible concerns about your work experience, while allowing you to emphasize your talents and how you might utilize them in the position you're seeking.
Who Should Write a Combination Resumé?
 This format is particularly useful for people looking to increase their responsibilities or pursue higher-level positions in their current field. Combination Resumés help you to demonstrate the skills you have to do a job, even though you might not have a proven track record in that particular position (but have prior experience in that field or industry).

laoshi · 发表于 2004-7-15 07:28

Writing the Cover Letters that Gets Your Resumé Noticed

Composing Your Cover Letter
Cover letters should be more than just wrapping paper for your Resumé. They should set you apart from other candidates by providing a sense of how you think and your eagerness to work for a particular organization. Most of all, they should give readers a compelling reason to want to interview you, one that includes both your qualifications and the vitality you can bring to a job.
Unlike a Resumé, cover letters are narratives. You can use highly descriptive and persuasive sentences to evoke a positive response from your reader. Moreover, this format allows you to incorporate information, which reflects your knowledge of the target company (e.g., its industry, relevant issues, potential opportunities, etc.). The cover letter is an opportunity to provide customized information beyond what's in your Resumé-information that can tweak an employer's interest in your candidacy.

Like a Resumé, a cover letter contains several critical components:
 The Heading. Remember to put your full name, address, phone number and e-mail at the top of the page. If your address changes during your job search, send another Resumé and cover letter for the position that interests you. HR departments won't bother to change the information on your first version.
 The First Paragraph. This is the introductory section of your cover letter. In the first paragraph, you should state how you learned about the job opening and your reason for sending the employer your Resumé. If you're applying for a specific position, be sure to include that information in the first sentence of your introduction.
 If you've researched the company, be sure to mention why you're interested in it. You will differentiate yourself from the pack by making allusions to the company's products, philosophy or reputation. Be sincere, and employers will appreciate your interest in their organizations.
 If you know someone at the company, feel free to drop a name-if that person appreciates your work and will speak highly (and unambiguously) of your abilities.
 The Second Paragraph. Among hiring officials, the buzz word these days is "value offered." Explain the particular benefits you offer an employer. Not only will it get the employer's attention, it will distinguish you as a job hunter whose goal is to do the job rather than just get a job. Use this section of your cover letter to discuss your value as an employee over and above the information in your Resumé.
 Talk about your transferable skills, such as being a self-starter and having excellent organizational abilities. Cite a specific reason why you're the ideal candidate for the position, then customize your letter to prove or demonstrate that point.
 Don't rehash your Resumé. Focus instead on two or three qualities that distinguish you most. Also, try to connect these qualities to the position's key requirements. If you have a particular area of expertise, this is the place to bring it up.
 The Closing Paragraph. Before concluding your letter, tell the employer you'll follow up to confirm receipt of your Resumé and set up a time for a face-to-face interview. Always assume that an employer will respond positively to your request, and thank him or her in advance for granting the interview.
Consider writing one standard cover letter...and then personalizing it as necessary. Your standard letter would include a general description of your skills and abilities. It would also highlight the most marketable aspects of your background.
The primary advantage to writing a standard cover letter is that you only have to write a great letter once. Once you've created it, all you will have to do is modify the introduction the next time you want to send your Resumé to a perspective employer. Of course, you don't want the employer to assume that the cover letter is part of a mass mailing campaign. Including the company's name and the position you're interested in makes your cover letter seem as though it was written specifically for that prospective employer and his or her company.

Some Eye-Catching Phrases
The following phrases will add energy to statements
about your work-related duties and accomplishments.
HINT: Consider integrating other power words into these basic formulas.
Acted as liaison for/between...
Assigned territory consisting of...
Accounted for...
Drew up...
Mapped out...
Handled a territory spanning...
Promoted to...
Instrumental in...
Recipient of...
Remained as...
Innovation resulted in...
Honoured as...
...amounting to a total savings of...
Recommendations accepted by...
Adept at...
Assisted with...
Took charge of...
Proven track record in...
Experience involved/included...
More than X years experience in...
Expertise and demonstrated skills in...
Successful in/at...
Experienced in all facets/phases...
Knowledge of...
Experienced as...
Extensive training in...
Extensive involvement in...
Initially employed as...
Specialized in...
Proficient in...
Competent at...
Temporarily assigned to...
Sales quota accountability...
Reported directly to...
Served/Operated as...
In charge of...
Direct/Indirect control...
Familiar with...
Assigned to...

Power Words NOTE: Power words are verbs, which will help you construct active descriptions of your duties and accomplishments. You should begin each statement with a power word-not "I." (The "I" is understood; you are talking about yourself in a Resumé.) Also, use the past tense in your descriptive statements, even if you're describing accomplishments relating to your current job. The only time you'll want to use the present tense is when you're describing the duties or responsibilities associated with your present position.
A
accelerated accomplished achieved acquired adapted added addressed adjusted administered advanced advised affiliated aided allocated amplified analyzed answered anticipated appeared applied appointed appraised approved arbitrated argued arranged assessed assigned assisted assumed assured attained audited augmented authorized averted awarded
B
began boosted bought briefed broadened brought budgeted built
C
calculated catalogued caused changed chaired checked chose clarified classified closed coached collected combined commented communicated compared compiled completed composed compressed computed conceived conceptualized concluded condensed conditioned conducted confirmed conserved considered consolidated constituted constructed consulted continued contracted contributed controlled converted convinced coordinated corrected counseled counted created critiqued cut
D
dealt decided defined delegated delivered demonstrated described designed determined developed devised diagnosed diagramed directed discharged discovered discussed dispensed displayed dissected distributed documented doubled drafted
E
earned edited educated effected elected eliminated encouraged endorsed engendered engineered enhanced enlarged enlisted ensured entered equipped eradicated erected established estimated evaluated evolved examined excelled executed exercised exhibited expanded expedited experienced experimented explained explored expressed extended
F
facilitated familiarized fashioned filed filled financed finished focused forecast foresaw formulated forwarded fostered found founded fulfilled furnished
G
gained gathered gave generated governed graded granted grasped grossed guided
H
halved handled hastened headed helped highlighted
I
identified illustrated imagined implemented improved improvised inaugurated incorporated increased indexed initiated influenced innovated inspected installed instituted instructed insured integrated interpreted interviewed introduced invented invested investigated involved issued
J
joined judged
K
kept
L
labored launched learned leased lectured led licensed listed located logged
M
made magnified maintained managed matched maximized measured mediated met modified moderated monitored motivated moved
N
named navigated negotiated netted
O
observed obtained officiated opened operated ordered organized originated oriented overcame oversaw
P
paid participated patterned perceived perfected performed persuaded pioneered placed planned pooled possessed prepared presented processed procured produced programmed prohibited projected promoted proofed proposed proved provided published purchased pursued
Q
qualified questioned quickened
R
raised ranked rated ratified reached realized received recommended reconciled recorded recruited redesigned reduced reformed regenerated regulated rehabilitated related released remodeled removed rendered renovated reorganized repaired replaced replied reported represented rescued researched resolved responded restored restructured retrieved revamped reversed reviewed revised revitalized
S
saved scheduled scouted screened scrutinized secured selected separated served serviced set shaped shared shortened showed simplified smoothed sold solved sorted sought sparked spearheaded specified spoke stabilized staffed standardized started streamlined strengthened stressed stretched structured studied submitted substantiated substituted succeeded suggested summarized superseded supervised supported surveyed syndicated synthesized systematized
T
tackled targeted taught terminated tested took toured traced tracked traded trained transcribed transferred transformed translated transported traveled treated trimmed tripled turned tutored
U
umpired uncovered understood understudied unified unraveled updated upgraded upheld used utilized verbalized verified visited
V
validated verified
W
waged weighed welcomed widened won worked wrote
Additional Eye-Catching Language
ability

capable capability capacity competence competent complete completely consistent contributions

demonstrated developing disciplined

educated efficient effective effectiveness enlarging equipped excellent exceptional expanding experienced

global

increasing

knowledgeable

major mature maturity

nationwide

outstanding

performance positive potential productive proficient profitable proven

qualified

record repeatedly resourceful responsible results

significant significantly sound specialist substantial substantially successful stable

thorough thoroughly

versatile vigorous
well-educated well-rounded worldwide
Keywords Keywords are an indispensable component of modern, computer-friendly Resumés. You should integrate relevant keywords wherever possible throughout the body of your Resumé.
NOTE: New keywords are constantly entering the occupational vocabulary. This list is by no means exhaustive. Industry jargon has become increasingly specialized, so there are always new keywords to be uncovered. Keep your Resumé up-to-date with the latest buzzwords circulating in your field or industry. You can't afford to have a stale Resumé, for it will surely be passed-over as yesterday's news.
General Keywords Covering All Concentrations
Alternatives
Analysis
Analytical ability
Articulate
Assertive
Assessment
Automated
Bottom-line
Change creation
Change management
Classified
Committed
Communication skills
Creative
Deadline-oriented
Decisive
Delegate
Direct
Driven
Enthusiastic
Initiative Innovative
Insightful
Interpersonal skills
Leadership skills
Management
Model
Motivated
Negotiation skills
Over-achiever
Objectives
Organizational skills
Patient
Personable
Presentation skills
Prioritize
Proactive
Productive
Problem solving
Product safety
Project management
Quality management Re-deployed
Re-engineer
Referenced
Resourceful
Results-oriented
Reviewed
Self-motivated
Simulation
Spreadsheet
Stabilize
Statistical analysis
Strategic planning
Strategy
Supervise
Systematic
Team building
Techniques
Time management skills
Tools
Tactics
Versatile
Keywords Associated with Finance and Accounting
Account management
AP
AR
Asset management
Asset valuation
ATM
Audit
Banking
Bonds
Budget management
Commercial leasing
Commercial loan
Customer-driven Conversational
Debt
Dividend reinvestment
Equity
Estate planning
FIFO
Investor relations
Load/no load
Payables management
Price-earnings ratio
Procurement
Real estate appraisal Receivables management
Reconciliation
Repossessions
Risk management
ROI
Securities
Site assessment
Stocks
Tax-exempt
Tax-free
Tax strategy
Trust services
Keywords Associated with IR
Background investigation
Benefits
Career planning
Compensation
Cross-cultural training
Disability plan
Employee assistance Employee misconduct
Employment equity
Ethics
Flexible benefits
Grievance
Healthcare administration
Hiring
Incentive
Interview
Job classification Legal issues
Merit pay
Organizational development
Peer review
Pension
Performance evaluation
Review
Salary structure
Service awards
Training
Keywords Associated with Marketing, Sales and Marketing Research
Advertising
Agency
Block plan
Brand management
Campaign
Collateral materials
Competitive analysis
Consumer
Creative ability
Customer relations
Demographics
Direct marketing
Display
Distribution channels Feature
Image
Inventory turns
Launch
Market analysis
Market assessment
Market share
Media planning
Merchandising
Packaging
Penetration
POS / point of sale
Price value
Private label Promotion
Promotional materials
Rebates
Revenues
Sales
Sales maximization
Segmentation
Sell-through
Statistical analysis
Targeted customers
Trade management
Vendor
Keywords Associated with MIS
Analog
CAD
Client-server
Compugraphics
Concept design
Data modeling
Database Desktop publishing
DOS
Internet
LAN/WAN
Laser
Mainframe
Multi-tasking Optics
OS/2
Product support
Software development
UNIX
WINDOWS
Workstation
Keywords Associated with Operations
Automated materials handling
CAD
CAM
Change management
Flow diagrams JIT
Manufacturing operations
MRPS
Processing maximization Project management
Queuing theory
Real-time processing control
Total quality

laoshi · 发表于 2004-7-15 07:52

Introduction
Interviewing makes people anxious. It's like meeting your fiancée's parents for the first time. You don't know what to expect. You don't know what's expected of you. The only thing you know for cer

homer · 发表于 2004-7-15 21:36

good, 老石，老师，老史，老实，老施，老诗，老式，牢实，老是。。。。:D

九月 · 发表于 2004-8-11 00:08

今天才找到好东东。

粉红儿 · 发表于 2004-8-18 21:07

九月 · 发表于 2004-8-26 06:24

为什么不加精？也许是这里贴子太少了？还是每篇都精华？

UncleSam · 发表于 2004-11-21 15:07

好的帖子再老也需要顶顶！

谢谢，老师！

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How to write a Resume

Cover Letter

Interviewing

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