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发表于 2014-4-2 22:36
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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 , n7 K0 y6 a" i$ K- R; a$ s4 r
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3 k- @* r/ l% @: ~8 \# V( v, ?Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?5 P/ H1 j# b% }
' w) `3 V8 }; s2 s* g+ @9 {Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
* _! C6 O; v) gBar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.0 Y9 j0 j5 d2 a% G2 U
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.! ]& p% \" I* C3 ^4 E
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.0 Y9 l& B0 Y5 _- ]1 d+ X
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
" e2 E! E9 `$ z U6 RThe country codes used are :8 ]* U8 q* h( w6 c
5 V r$ ]- p! B; {& ACODE \COUNTRY; b1 }) @1 n7 h4 T
00-13 USA & Canada
. z" ?& I$ z0 V) q$ \& n) T) S20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
& y# j! W/ } O2 }" [- t30-37 France: a5 [3 v$ Z" K# ~7 N
380 Bulgaria
6 q$ I/ H5 z. W4 _383 Slovenia) `/ \+ J: {7 b& ^0 v
385 Croatia
( Q% r, ~5 m' L% \387 Bosnia-Herzegovina% T* ]' Y8 L% }& P& e7 i
400-440 Germany3 c2 s' k) q2 k" e$ b* p1 E8 T
45 Japan
% H$ |, p2 P' k8 K46 Russian Federation
l5 S6 I) ^0 L" B+ W) E4 Y+ w471 Taiwan
- [( Z( m- y2 U8 c, B8 K8 _474 Estonia
& V O; Y1 w* M- A9 I: L475 Latvia
5 N( c7 i$ h/ ]# Q6 q' o476 Azerbaijan
" s$ s. B ]7 J( K) H477 Lithuania/ V* P$ s' [ t; I; `2 y: |
478 Uzbekistan
5 \7 J, Q$ [3 t; c479 Sri Lanka
( O& C; B' V3 C( X480 Philippines" G; Q% m4 u* Z8 j# {' s6 ~. ~7 m3 T
481 Belarus' r0 j/ r5 n& R3 U, K
482 Ukraine
3 B$ o$ ^$ N- y# @5 d* r484 Moldova
. k6 Y- e6 }4 c% ]5 L3 O) q* E485 Armenia( ^ g2 s0 n' f: l9 J3 _% R& y
486 Georgia, G, K" S# i% H# j
487 Kazakhstan4 ]: y! E% ?/ N5 u" g( Y, w
489 Hong Kong0 k7 E' n1 D0 O0 s1 X
49 Japan
8 N$ F) H( @8 h) i% X50 UK+ ~. v9 ^$ S. u4 |' ^
520 Greece) \, J+ |5 m+ U! `2 O5 A, Y! u
528 Lebanon/ Z( t% }3 \1 n1 q9 X9 q0 ?
529 Cyprus. `4 S" Q8 h! w# s f7 a# n7 G0 A
531 Macedonia5 A* r, W9 F$ ? u
535 Malta
8 R. ?7 M0 ^8 G539 Ireland
: o8 y: P; a4 f# M, j% q3 ^54 Belgium & Luxembourg
2 j3 q& S$ H: h1 q560 Portugal
9 E" H5 k! u; L+ t3 V; `569 Iceland
& A$ P- g+ Y1 N# E; }& ]0 z57 Denmark
. x- ]. o- b8 b1 W' C+ |590 Poland; e% I1 G3 O& M' u& Y3 M
594 Romania
! D$ P4 v/ B$ X$ a o599 Hungary) Q- y! h$ U! }+ D% r
600-601 South Africa6 F4 W9 S8 V- B- ~
609 Mauritius
! d" ]# }9 h* q$ k4 ?, E611 Morocco
4 n: N1 P- p+ n; ?+ p" l* \613 Algeria1 v, u$ \/ P2 E. |/ H
619 Tunisia/ X% w5 C) l* z7 p
621 Syria
6 h* p1 x4 w: }$ Z/ `622 Egypt$ _2 I/ p3 Z% B* d9 j6 {9 E: P
624 Libya: X. R. q6 s1 l% k; @- r
625 Jordan
9 n0 Q7 d" k8 Y4 r6 @0 K626 Iran6 M$ [9 n1 h) L. s4 X9 i6 S
627 Kuwait
; S1 q; Y& S& s+ Y1 D628 Saudi Arabia
* O6 e8 j+ T5 _0 H/ [* q629 United Arab Emirates" o0 D& C a9 f
64 Finland! j" p( X" Z2 u1 V) A! I
690-692 China
4 F1 }* C$ J/ a( H5 j; x2 S70 Norway0 \: {+ Q8 [+ E2 M$ q
729 Israel
9 r: u8 U2 y, _) O0 v: A, y73 Sweden" e" l; n5 `8 Q& y, T9 Y5 [* t' X% m
740 Guatemala
; O, g8 l8 f) F+ }. b741 El Salvador
% f: \2 c" S) p5 Q742 Honduras
4 U6 J% S! K) g* w743 Nicaragua2 R% k7 o1 Z9 Q$ `0 V4 B
744 Costa Rica3 w, l( d3 A- y& P$ Z. u: C9 x
745 Panama" I7 d) y' k$ W% Q: e
746 Dominican Republic
( {# R& N' j: s0 \& _750 Mexico
- @# R: I& `# }0 S759 Venezuela1 x$ i7 U8 w* T; c
76 Switzerland
|$ h5 C8 B8 T; U8 Y, P) X' z; b770 Colombia3 V5 z& K q4 u5 L, q* L6 L
773 Uruguay
1 z+ |- g& C6 i7 i1 p775 Peru* D+ z& G9 L9 N1 e) _
777 Bolivia% x# g/ Y6 z5 I$ V
779 Argentina/ b) e, Q# k7 C. D
780 Chile' l2 K$ ?) ^1 I( x; ]
784 Paraguay
. h$ M& Q+ j- ? H8 `$ L785 Peru( x4 m8 q# m7 T' |7 T1 h
786 Ecuador
; i) B- j" ^( p3 ]/ ]& r4 r789 Brazil
% `- T" u# d5 V' f7 O I80-83 Italy; j+ @& g0 t% f
84 Spain
5 k8 P( t) f6 ^. Q9 |8 Y850 Cuba
a- l- q2 D: o858 Slovakia
6 S Y/ T! M6 H$ V859 Czech Republic
5 _% {5 L& p+ b7 x' _2 A5 s7 r* r% J860 Serbia & Montenegro0 P* ?0 I5 {7 q; T' p8 D9 J( P$ _- Z
869 Turkey
a3 K: H5 X7 k8 c2 f( A5 O87 Netherlands) C7 `9 p u4 y) Z; [+ C
880 South Korea
; h/ x( s8 T! Q! B9 |885 Thailand
' t1 Y6 N( O6 f888 Singapore
9 ^0 n9 r7 U8 m0 t890 India* Q( {- ~8 K$ y( A
893 Vietnam' V) Y+ @2 p3 V9 a& q
899 Indonesia
" r! f( v- U6 {- E8 L) s8 c' W) p( }90 -91 Austria
1 A& r5 w6 P& j( B93 Australia5 ~1 ?% l: {0 a; j \1 Y1 J3 B
94 New Zealand
) R& M) K2 e( U9 W! ]955 Malaysia c1 u' F" {: ^4 Q
958 Macau |( B( U+ Q& \6 q5 T' V
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)' V) R4 u" R* o5 p
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)* K ]: C ]8 q7 b% V$ s1 K& i+ c
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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