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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语6 v5 d: M7 u# ]3 p' k- m
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3 `+ \2 B# Q( F3 i在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
0 [3 x; V2 X( @& p- k之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。3 \$ Q/ f9 j" N3 T$ |! Q! e5 W- D, \0 C
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!. u* x0 D( `( I: ~$ h* Q
) o/ C1 X5 c1 _" j4 e, f) S
(1) empty suit:! Y6 \, l$ m8 M  ]+ k! z
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
+ r4 {8 K: L5 t& y, W1 X" H$ n(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
$ r$ T) S4 b5 m, j% @. g* @例如:
! H  R9 ~0 O3 W& Z1 j. ^An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
; V/ }$ u4 B7 [# W5 _, m(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。). j" v1 \( Y: b8 f) l, n0 K, v/ Z) M' g
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.5 P/ t% d, Q7 ^
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
7 ?% I( Q+ u/ U; o/ z0 K) Y虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:7 c* b+ Z; e; ^( \
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.% q6 S% f; L( H9 [4 X- [5 s% ^9 I" y9 L3 G
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
2 U8 R1 z; z; D/ r! ^4 r7 U; h(2) fair-haired boy:1 y+ q" U, }: z! Q
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
' d5 P' \( R3 z: S# V  T2 j# O3 n(通常用单数,当名词用)
8 Z9 V9 j2 i* ?  l5 q% {2 e例如:
: X: }; _& @8 m1 |0 QMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.' N8 V+ c; v% t3 w3 j6 m$ r: v6 h8 k
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)! S7 \5 J& V9 ?. d; z, x4 o% h
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.; t" X! U+ H  F2 H9 f
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。). T6 l. [% V6 V! ?) r& f5 [5 g  }
有时也可用复数:
' J: t  r  Y$ g+ i1 {+ E" NMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet." {8 ?/ Z# m6 N3 U8 M9 ~% b8 k) _2 b3 R
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
$ D, E. x: d1 B3 ~Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
" A% I+ o9 a: c& A/ c(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)$ T9 M3 k9 V2 ]! y8 i8 X
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- T$ d; l7 P! D4 O(3) fishing expedition:7 B: Y8 u8 g( Z/ P
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
& q# {4 J9 l( \9 W7 k3 j(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)0 Y! a- A0 y9 N# v9 A- r
例如:
, k9 X9 U0 b* B3 v. D( g* bThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.7 J4 D% S& u9 z0 I  G6 Y
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ a2 W; z+ A2 Z8 n6 f+ z; q
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
; b8 }) D7 X3 \; Q4 U(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
, G/ X& r7 h% R- F$ f3 f(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)8 ?9 P( y7 t( V, D& Q5 B
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.2 {% K4 N  P/ f7 n8 i6 I
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
8 k! u$ N/ `5 Z( Y4 {偶尔也有人用复数:
  ]+ Y- U7 S. ^9 L6 uSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
- X! d' B1 \- E% \) K(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)0 K+ o/ C( m: _; j) [$ b
(4) filthy rich:# n- S5 H# p; |3 V
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)9 d& o4 q9 ^# p* l
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)' S' o5 q* a+ s: M
多半当形容词用。例如:
! k6 A- W9 `0 tWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.* w3 l% B: [, Q" H& Z3 l% k7 k3 V
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 b# A7 N/ J+ u4 E: iDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
- d( k; m9 K. j(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
" @0 ~7 k4 C8 L0 m6 b- z$ m! HA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
( J5 j  W, o) e/ _(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
- r0 d2 [7 a& {Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.* U8 t' c. {% |0 {4 i  I2 U
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
. \" h- z0 A$ ~; r(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
# {' \5 M# x) W# F1 ]+ E% n* k9 W(5) fairy godmother:
8 a' j- [( R5 U0 I指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)- C( h) w; Y. {; A4 G" x' y
(多半指有钱的女人)
5 s# s. Z% ^) t6 u8 U/ {: l9 E' u(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
8 G/ ^: S3 z2 yMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.$ M! I- K/ }) a
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)/ z! l1 {* ]; G: T
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
: ]1 O2 c$ K5 z: n3 b7 E4 c4 D(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
1 \8 U3 O6 }* Q有时也用复数:
+ r+ e) ~! W2 o  [Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
. B1 J( c. ^* T(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。): V" w- _) ~$ k" V7 `% Y. C
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
- J2 p1 L& i+ r(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)5 T# T( b$ x+ n5 H

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& Y- K. W% L$ z; m6)eye opener:
5 A( c4 R3 C& R! ^, G/ X- k, ~指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
+ X$ B5 Y5 A7 t; s6 d6 A7 p(当名词用;通常只用单数)8 w" K8 h$ b) d
例如:6 I* e  r1 ^, J' ?
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
' W2 o. E  V+ S' G& k9 H% _$ T. C(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)+ w: r! J* d1 ]! _
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener./ a: H" t4 t1 [- p4 r0 G. ^
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' ]8 Q: P" ^! K" U) P* tThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
- s" |/ b+ K6 G% I(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)" K4 B) l; F7 g- |
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
; `4 R/ d1 j6 Y4 r* w) R' ^; _6 u(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)3 e+ @! o4 r6 {3 S; }, b0 A
(7) hot dog:/ Z# B1 b& O6 v4 e, J0 g& J
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
2 ~6 B  k$ a! C4 I' Z例如:! w3 g- D) @& w. B: e
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
3 e) u% [" e. i* E2 j(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)( Q0 I, ]5 F! k% S
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
: c8 O. h1 d9 T) c: D1 g& u. s, k7 uIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
( c2 b9 X3 C2 a; b, v$ l0 t(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)7 c7 m1 P# C" u: l& m6 x
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
8 q# O" U" I% H# Y: T) l% c+ NDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
1 c  U0 t6 }! j3 L1 L(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)  C1 L# ~; M1 l/ a, ]
也指真正的热狗食物:
: p# r+ ]: |5 mThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.% y3 v% R' T  T' T& M6 S5 P
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
3 X/ y3 T" v" |7 c6 B也可表达欣赏的心情:9 o& }6 i  W' r& J2 l1 t9 b% V& X8 k6 X
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
, i3 h0 n9 c2 R8 o5 A% G: ~( }(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
$ I3 U5 N# T! X5 s(8)eager beaver:" g0 L# U) ~# I; T; u. P
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)' }# a4 d3 `0 O. ]: B
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)  L* V' |7 O2 f, _8 Q  L: ^9 q2 O
(当名词用,可指男女)
3 b9 n3 B8 S. Q1 v  x. h  z, p例如:9 p7 m& F) O# V7 K8 f0 ~& ~- @
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
% C  n$ ^" f9 `4 T( H(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
+ n/ q2 }, p& r  B" @0 _/ _Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
) D. Y3 \/ E: s6 h& g(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
7 Z6 E4 q' L; WDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
$ m% i5 V# |% B2 Y1 v1 c  Y(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
/ M( z+ w7 x0 r" Y7 |( x! CYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.( F% {; x6 l5 p+ l" u
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
# x7 d$ ?0 ~9 G4 o(9)doubting Thomas:
* e. J) {7 ]& p# T这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
& w/ U5 G5 G) G0 U! `2 P(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)4 V: K/ _6 z* f3 [) s. n( K1 x
(当名词用)
7 c/ ^/ |0 o" P4 J8 k5 m例如:) @; U: U; q, @) h9 x. ?( j+ [5 J' C
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
2 [- i" f9 H) |% ?: G$ N+ V$ f& D(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
0 A# R* r1 _/ q% Y3 \- u% QThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
  j% A4 G6 q; e# f$ ~+ I9 I(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)7 V: i) y! j2 J. v3 ]
也可用复数:/ B2 ?' K5 W+ _# _$ [& k$ h: ]
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
9 U3 o' e1 `9 g7 p  u; i# O(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)' Z$ A& v) H9 I4 P3 N8 M
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
, `" ^. z& }: E. R' F" B, O(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)" r# e- g' N  I3 }# R0 C3 O! ]! V  `
(10)dragon lady:
! r# {) Q1 |! m4 S指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
# f1 ^( B$ u" J( W1 _* ]例如:
0 r0 T, M' j3 PThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
' t2 M  o( l$ U( Z(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)* u0 K$ t) P4 d0 |0 j- T2 Y3 z
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
9 ~7 K0 t8 q+ L% I/ D(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)+ k7 u4 {+ S6 |0 L) N  p* F) u
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
& y. h3 t3 {, K" q3 F! q. d9 x, k- L* D(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?), c! ]) ?8 L3 A% f/ A9 @
也可用复数:" z5 _- {, |$ v2 Y$ R* D0 A. `
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.. ?& |" h9 `( o1 ^# ]$ g6 K9 _
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)/ C, |# A0 }7 X
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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