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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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- J* f9 R  K1 i! O. u; f5 r在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
6 X2 P! m% ?; E3 H! d+ i+ n2 D之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。( ^6 h- p/ f# f4 P8 J
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
, F5 M; M/ W4 D; k& q6 `, O; J0 K; W! E* U- c. D
(1) empty suit:) }' U, |% n; U- h: X
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
! |. _9 v0 c# A  M(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
% O# T2 F3 Y6 ~例如:
# N' v  p9 ]& T4 {0 w; n2 ZAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 \3 f' w, H  C% a' C$ X1 ]+ Y$ i(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。): \6 |( G/ @& x/ p
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
9 n* d. @' Z" v) L(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
) [- H$ a8 B$ }* u, f, u5 Q1 r/ V虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
: v* G" j# R/ b  V7 R1 @; LThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.1 p2 q. W& \! [
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
% a( \0 Q! p, T: I( C1 [(2) fair-haired boy:$ \1 D) w0 ?8 J2 }$ ~; z, L
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 S8 `- I$ W  V* G
(通常用单数,当名词用)
" x2 {$ `1 _2 l9 x例如:( @0 d( C, M" D$ [9 j
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.0 W3 g) U6 Z$ }: ^% d) ^7 W
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)0 p; v: q- A# ~- q4 f
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
6 q& q$ N9 I3 g(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)7 n) C6 @$ _/ ]  L  N
有时也可用复数:
+ l' b' p2 t9 D6 {Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
5 G7 x4 s! q7 J; T2 a(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
" Q1 O" a8 b3 N' B5 G' a+ XFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.' v; r5 r8 ?! M2 W& h2 z
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)+ }! {1 E$ a! o0 J
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
8 N8 N! v( {3 e# W& l; Z(3) fishing expedition:: g0 O" F+ |# j, A* `; l. i
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)9 f- F1 _5 t" G
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
) C' C6 t( G7 h2 T; D, B2 A例如:
2 x4 h. @1 Q# `7 d% QThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
3 J9 i  u0 r1 i  s(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
! R4 ?9 ~6 p) T% ^3 g! x! ZThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
* J2 V  c# ]! e: D4 n) a(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)! }& O/ }( {# C4 t9 X
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)( \( Q1 Z5 Z; X2 _; @
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.( h3 ~" C2 M1 z8 n
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)2 f# E2 Z5 v/ w0 N0 e* R! p
偶尔也有人用复数:
+ M5 f6 d$ l+ C, ?4 r( m5 ?Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
% K$ X7 B, t/ I3 {5 u. Y8 O(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
2 t8 D# i6 T- S# ?5 Z* g8 D(4) filthy rich:! l  [! J# N5 l7 X0 p; h
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
* U; d& a* ~6 h, t$ b(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)! F( I: c2 K  p( V
多半当形容词用。例如:% E) K( z# T0 o# V7 `7 I
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
6 D( W8 e6 m  f5 w$ ^1 c( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)' V/ X% k% \$ w9 x8 A/ w
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.1 s) D0 ]& _8 @& \
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
% B6 ^' Q; d) }7 ZA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
4 \4 {+ o2 `+ B8 I, @, a+ }(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
9 J9 J+ r: Z! Q3 DFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.7 E# Y: n4 z& u: s$ S. }) _
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)) y' _; |, c* G! w
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
/ t9 |5 I* a1 e4 w: t(5) fairy godmother:
) V( U( A' N  _% |指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
' {  N2 l# J1 R' J(多半指有钱的女人)4 z' s% a% R) W
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
6 P0 R; v' U% a9 o% W* nMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
6 R3 l# m$ S" S(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)" l) B6 X+ e8 d7 g+ A# i: {
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
# H( W7 E9 x% C/ {(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)  p( p) ^/ J5 U- y6 r+ n4 v: |% B
有时也用复数:
! @; N7 n! g$ K; r& xOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.( `3 c9 u& f8 B9 t2 v) N
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
) s& X' ^9 T4 Z/ ?. ~# kIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
; J, [. A0 x4 [# X6 E(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6 a. R4 I3 X# @5 l& j0 `6)eye opener:2 L( X9 z& w* f7 ?! s5 K1 a! Y
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)' S8 {* e# D8 O5 a" k0 @( z
(当名词用;通常只用单数): C% P& f* ~2 b# O" K: F" v& j  c$ B
例如:
) q% [' x' u. S$ A1 q; RYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.9 e9 o- c# m1 D( ?, u; t0 e* p
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
* T# Z8 @# e  h1 s: Y& ZMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
8 q  f5 U) M% @3 ]! l(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
- T  v" A, ~( s8 o; n6 EThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.2 f8 k0 Y5 o6 Y9 V7 n6 ^8 }3 Q8 X1 k
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
: D, W4 \+ \& m, I/ ~5 VSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
8 D/ @/ \8 g2 o/ R+ z% y2 M. p4 L(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; M9 R/ B8 @2 \* T4 [4 S(7) hot dog:
$ e9 G% b# w( K" M1 ]! N指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)/ `0 \" d( ?  M) O) ^
例如:/ }) O; W+ w0 h* ?' Z6 K- |& Q! [
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.1 f3 Y7 \! m: U& L2 P' Z
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
- A2 n- b6 {; I# s! X/ |& k(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)( ?% y5 s4 Z" y+ ^
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.) W9 _' @4 @& d. y& I
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
' w8 A+ R$ a" G5 Z(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
( }1 o7 y* ?$ nDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.8 [' Q# X# V9 p
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)4 q+ z) v) k) h( ]
也指真正的热狗食物:4 t* ?/ Q* b8 t# ?$ E
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.% c8 l! ?; c4 i# k% P3 j
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)8 Z# y: E0 h2 }7 g" Y
也可表达欣赏的心情:5 S3 E: h. b8 _$ H# m
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
; I% {# h: L5 B, e( g" q* z( v(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)7 |  |8 g7 m5 f0 r8 w
(8)eager beaver:
$ `9 g, O; E' N. c指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)& b5 `* ^, `2 v% @7 d' b- n
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# S- D7 g2 g' ^8 }/ j3 [) ]% ?
(当名词用,可指男女)) u' t: M' R$ Z+ P
例如:5 s& [6 I' C6 ?8 ?( R$ D9 l
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.0 t! ]% ^, K7 h  N
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
: G1 K. D4 b0 k8 MBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.3 I+ v2 ?& c' w3 Q9 }+ ?
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)5 |$ \( h- I0 |% \4 O0 O; {
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?6 D* ~4 K! q" i3 s3 v
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
9 F* y( ]& b6 _! y$ VYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.. v3 ~: K7 ?# T* f% C3 j
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)+ p, D; H  K: \# L
(9)doubting Thomas:
1 |, l, x& q) l2 @. Z* X这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)& F; }: d. q: x7 B, K/ {* l
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
+ t# b: r! G# r; l(当名词用)" Q8 {, d2 i7 E! u6 H) v8 Y8 k
例如:# C0 R9 N) R0 d) `3 c* Y
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.! D, _9 g5 f9 |7 b- U5 ]9 g
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)5 c. T6 @5 G* y. k; i5 Y2 {
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.9 F; ^# |# K7 M# U9 N5 m
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
5 w; X! u: k$ q$ s也可用复数:
$ E4 K# _% R( {2 q& {My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
! ~) y5 g& ?$ s. k(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)9 ^7 J5 A- O3 I
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
: k( u- a7 H' r* z1 Z6 F" X(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
6 H8 n3 s5 @4 B7 O, D. @1 a) L3 V(10)dragon lady:3 n1 P6 s* M% ]+ Q3 s6 o' Q1 G
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)7 H2 u# U& z9 `- U1 e* t5 F
例如:" B2 Z7 O) E+ A2 g' n
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.( i/ ?1 U& R# g3 T  w( t
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)3 W' w6 A, r6 t( b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.+ D- w$ z  ]3 y3 t3 W
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
' E3 G! f  {  M9 x7 yShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?" |! U$ f, z  C+ ~' i2 B# b* W
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
/ g0 [6 \% X' ^; G# i! t$ Z  A也可用复数:
0 x" k+ z' X9 _  ]% u9 P4 M/ `/ F( I- {There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
4 P1 k. c3 g" e$ p(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
! E$ E" o" h, |/ v注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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