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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语' p( ~' T; {; ~, x1 P
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
! a. p0 ?3 e9 E8 k, U/ l7 a7 e6 P之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。# z6 C+ S6 o4 x1 H
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
; v& V7 Z: B, k2 D" `/ w" Z6 v0 i' {' M8 x  r1 x
(1) empty suit:: a. i9 d5 p4 x4 N0 s5 D3 A
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。6 o3 Y, U! C0 y* {/ ^9 Q% b5 _
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
. O, u9 T1 a, g1 {+ I例如:# |8 k5 e5 t% H: }+ c/ n' l+ p
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.3 \. ~2 r* N6 h: D, p/ J' f, k
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)" d) c! T3 K1 @  L+ [
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
8 h2 j+ @  D, g0 w(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)2 T8 `/ `% F* Z8 v6 S) O
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:6 O, W8 N& K( N9 P  p0 I; h
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
8 N* y4 k8 w  @(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)3 A; C$ F$ M3 m4 N
(2) fair-haired boy:0 X5 x( E4 V1 X- l" S# `
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)9 `( l( _! O' x  z5 ^
(通常用单数,当名词用)3 P  |* \$ D' i9 D/ _
例如:
* P  W, Y$ Q# Z" RMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
0 K" p: \7 `' g7 B8 {. c( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)! w& ^$ B- d# F2 {8 M. I
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.: x5 E. w: E7 A3 ^, u
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
& K0 p4 S& {5 G& q& f有时也可用复数:
* I$ @# z4 D4 B$ P1 p' a$ s6 GMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
: _0 N4 }% J  L( U6 ^3 t0 [( ?(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
% W7 q, ]$ f) i: o9 GFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses." C2 y9 M9 _: l  N" u: u
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
  E2 f0 g  p4 B( r% n; Y9 X/ D(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)$ _$ G# a" a* ]* Q1 U" \
(3) fishing expedition:
* Z2 ?/ R$ O* |* ]为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information); L" X4 W* I. A* M, D
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) s. m' V. q2 Z' _" i8 D/ o* d
例如:8 a1 B$ E9 ^7 ~) E
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
$ V* u, O4 P; K* C% O3 Y% V8 V% B(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)2 u3 s( |3 [. l& Q
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
0 D6 ]" Q( }9 V$ G! L(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。); _8 H6 E# Z+ S
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)4 M! U7 p$ e( E: A2 l: v7 Q2 t
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.! c8 ]' V# Y% \2 S+ e0 u& K1 j
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)/ \. Z: h. B0 n$ }4 v5 i$ G* d
偶尔也有人用复数:
; |8 ^( ^( h8 Z- s7 Y, T/ PSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
. j# t) `4 u* K& ?(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)* y' ]" x6 [. e4 x9 }# h
(4) filthy rich:! C7 f9 n/ }2 \1 J
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
/ J; s6 u0 i; L7 ]/ S(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
/ `0 r  i0 c; r3 Q1 I! V. T多半当形容词用。例如:
& Q2 B% u( A5 j0 L0 u  p4 i( VWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.8 Y8 x& r/ j/ [! d2 w4 Y
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)9 M! P* p! h5 f6 K8 m( C
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
9 W& U/ c6 ]1 o) `7 s(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。), Y3 J. j, Y: n* R
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
8 m- F0 K+ B8 F( H. n# e/ O5 W1 |6 |(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)* k/ a; n8 S4 E, `
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters." C/ q0 t' o4 t- h; ]
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)( ]3 z: F: e; m  {* u8 f) p- A
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)+ Q# r* X9 @5 ?; g5 W8 O6 P! ?
(5) fairy godmother:
5 B# P; K" {! T指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
& B9 X/ `2 W- U2 A4 K2 F7 G(多半指有钱的女人)
, `. F1 y0 J& q6 H/ r; m% y7 N3 b(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 D2 N- Q3 S, q: ^
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
' b3 a4 q7 D, E(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
+ U: t& R5 ?/ E; eAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
  k- j/ j6 R- X) q(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
  y. n2 D2 S" x$ R' v: `有时也用复数:8 [  l. l4 E" _2 Y: \
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.1 K; ]3 G1 U0 R1 J4 B& o
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 ?- G4 k0 I6 yIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% I5 _. P$ ?; |' u
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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! B  S. F0 G, P1 M+ w7 C6)eye opener:
( K# W5 }! x2 o* b# @7 [指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)1 z! n1 o9 k8 f5 ~
(当名词用;通常只用单数)# N9 \% S! N5 e' _* z
例如:* {, I$ t) t' V; v/ J
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.8 ~3 O3 l5 @# S6 x+ U+ ]  J# [
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
: u  W$ n: \8 \Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.) c% _! z0 C/ W: |7 _% N6 N' ?0 P
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。); D( ?: j& R( k. ]- c
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
& M3 }, H5 W7 V3 w' n(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。), d' L+ V) y: H6 w; u0 _
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
; p: ~0 u7 S) k, y8 Q: U& z(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
. v: s! r* {! D' E9 N6 E: l! y6 c(7) hot dog:
9 v+ s8 Y& N: y5 _; m指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)- }1 K6 ^" t( z5 H9 C
例如:
: J. Q. h; s5 `0 N4 o0 Y9 O9 b- M* XSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.9 ^. A6 G8 r- E- f3 i8 c' M8 {
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)8 d: J" `' ^- b% v
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
. Y) S: Z% k/ L  l+ L7 i' ]In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.4 V: P9 B" ]5 @4 f
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)# P# Q1 J$ _5 m1 w; u, a  V) o: h
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
& r5 G$ I% [$ u. [' G" m. V' JDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
% O3 j/ ~. ?4 ]; W+ a(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)" _  U7 W9 V& Z) c% `. T5 J
也指真正的热狗食物:
# B" i8 u6 s) S! Q4 JThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.1 T8 [% j; d1 ]" H! p
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
6 T, t& h0 |' y- Y. w8 m  \也可表达欣赏的心情:6 m* {8 _/ g+ U) W0 }! N
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
, V9 S8 x4 |" F/ `$ V/ }(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)& \# W' @/ ]* l+ h4 _
(8)eager beaver:
6 [$ G2 V, ], |0 Z9 C  ~3 n# X% ~1 w指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)6 W4 Y- H1 m8 E, K  B
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)) M& Y( t) W6 f; y. b' C
(当名词用,可指男女)$ ^; V- E( I% z) [0 r" I) L- N
例如:" J* n; c3 S0 ^; o: ?7 v
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.% o, @  b# V# u, p2 [2 V
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)2 B- N. \0 K- t6 Z7 ~1 h  l
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
( |8 b7 g6 B7 S) p(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)9 v) L4 ?$ g# ^% d9 W) R2 s
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?- Q/ q1 g3 V$ u2 Q# q* M7 ~
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)- Z' K, c5 o) |: d, Y
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
  {. b, e5 x: J; y: U: z0 P(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
5 v  z  R" d  L& d8 z5 v(9)doubting Thomas:- |! G5 ]+ n5 k+ \/ _% g
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
4 [# u3 x# s9 h. A+ ?; h$ h(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)% B% }- _1 x  H& p) Q- e
(当名词用)
& S( Z+ q: D& {% E) C3 ?7 _; i; J例如:
$ x& S5 i; U+ C& M- [) m* aI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.* n/ |, t0 y* |2 c
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)+ h+ F- ]( G- P' A  @
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
$ X7 @, [5 J" A) f' d/ j(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
+ E2 k' r% E1 @7 a/ \也可用复数:
( L6 {" N- W$ f+ W4 @" Q7 \7 JMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.; |8 W' R4 L. s/ L
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
& g$ h2 @- Q! v3 h( UIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.( P9 C# F' P2 b. q. z3 @9 `
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
3 ]6 a4 J5 B2 f+ ^* X; p(10)dragon lady:+ a' h# L0 y% c
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用): d) f' N' I% O* K+ ~+ y3 I6 l3 K
例如:
' X9 d7 \/ l0 M+ Q& ^3 o* AThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
" `6 A+ s  t; _(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
1 |# D8 l# v* Z% W  q% J! \I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady." u% A* n  ?( C' X( U3 U- P* H
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)+ O& @9 P* H' a* D: R: @1 K% J
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?+ F( b& E: I; A  ]
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)7 n3 C+ Q+ j/ H1 {1 }8 |
也可用复数:" i( c  j$ i. B0 p) F
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
! B; A2 {! e* I4 d* H# ]7 E. W(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). \% K6 i, K' T! i
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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