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How to figure a home's fundamental value7 r. i S9 f3 b' ~3 ^+ r# ?$ [: S2 a
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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. |3 |0 T* o( T8 o. ^. {2 Y8 b( nNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.2 F' _! i& p! ^- }
, ?$ H: a7 m M6 N; I rLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.( x$ x: z; J5 ?5 N! Z
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
\+ o- K1 T; G* h5 ANew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
. [3 T; O+ A3 z' v( f# C' rYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 0 ~& Y3 T. c; x% O
( [% [9 {1 d+ b- qIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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0 B5 G: H* k- \; M3 u# gIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.4 f& A6 u+ @. s- u
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas + S8 W2 V3 u9 S9 k4 }
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
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1 d# t" c. P3 _6 p- e8 wSan Diego 22.8 29.7
4 P$ B9 v6 i0 sSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
- e7 m |: ^# s5 J; P% |Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
# z- N* m& H" G* j8 zSeattle 20.4 25 ; i6 j7 m" b, G- D
Denver 17.7 23.7 , R* Q/ q( |7 S6 t( I1 X9 r
New York 21.2 22.5 / ]9 w2 R3 O" G5 B% h/ w" w- A
Chicago 17.2 20.8 0 G3 y0 f$ r1 O6 [- l4 `. q
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 t9 J- R- D Z
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4 D- m5 P, t3 K1 K# [1 Q2 r2 U# dIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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