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How to figure a home's fundamental value+ X; D3 {/ q- j8 f6 k
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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1 q3 r4 U9 q0 K0 O; J ?3 QNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.; |# X, K* s3 I8 t
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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6 `9 u( \: p1 T* N) @8 GTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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& g4 }- M7 s# u+ k0 SIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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4 {4 H/ R6 ]& \! _7 K% ZSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27./ Y1 U# R. j% ^7 a9 Q" y: D4 P
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
" z! e5 Q* t: ENew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
1 U8 s1 o$ U" c% G0 Q& ]You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 1 q; A% h* j' x3 F* t7 b& w
1 ?: w5 p: s' B) u7 e2 m0 ~# DIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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, O: T& T. C0 e. OIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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* w! Z. F/ x# o0 VBoston 20.5 30.2
9 n( `7 m2 Q2 @ }/ v ESan Diego 22.8 29.7
) }4 m4 N5 g3 s* nSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
. \3 R7 J* q N, f* z" YLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
) H% H( o$ o, @' DSeattle 20.4 25
Y8 [& ]- k( S1 D o% FDenver 17.7 23.7
/ o9 y) @+ c6 D/ e. \New York 21.2 22.5 % ^$ Y1 d- \% c& n
Chicago 17.2 20.8
; d/ V @% O/ HWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 4 \$ _% ?" v, H Q' K0 u
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2 r# S6 Q: K6 lIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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+ u4 e" }/ }9 M$ j; mFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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