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How to figure a home's fundamental value
( A; o! m/ p0 b9 U) |Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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. F P0 `6 b1 ]( ]) u! ]( ]. g- ]Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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: `- B1 S2 s" e( pLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.3 Y4 H7 J$ ?# t+ f- e
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
8 P4 _- F( W) G' L" A l4 X# `New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
* r z) W, m$ s' [- DYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. ' B- e* t4 c( t( }; E
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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" y7 Z, T! P' b. B/ `If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.+ q. ~: L& E/ a) W- r. B/ u
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas ( L3 C$ H- U' \
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 9 S; u* k9 G6 m) T, l& N
Boston 20.5 30.2
7 a, P) U2 Y+ h% }1 eSan Diego 22.8 29.7
2 ^+ |$ b( A1 A5 j1 c sSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 + H& D* e5 R" |* |+ Z
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 $ N4 K8 `2 i# N) Q5 a# F; t
Seattle 20.4 25 9 v* b& |, l1 x. }7 _
Denver 17.7 23.7 ( k1 {& a% W8 l4 b3 f
New York 21.2 22.5 6 l/ A! P" j8 `9 N& q) u
Chicago 17.2 20.8
. t* j p# @. D5 S: h) w4 m/ wWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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# L/ i$ k) D0 A( A; J4 L$ n0 P ]8 {It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.3 v/ w$ v9 V2 f1 a; f
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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