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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; q& P7 Y$ C- `* H' ^1 u* i
% `, I5 C; Y8 z$ uJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
6 J" ^6 x2 S3 {% g: g4 E2 q+ h8 XYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
( Y( @1 W$ r$ w% T4 E& p& mFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
, l* B+ f' c8 D2 _! O0 G$ y) }. v0 ?
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ r3 Z1 b4 L1 P' j% k- i8 ]Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.1 _; z1 c1 e* ]0 N- [4 }0 {
( j- i/ s8 v* e+ R- ^Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
9 H! ]( S! d2 E1 q3 }7 JReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
2 V% W% V2 r9 q9 wPublished online 26 January 2018
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" }/ {% L) Z# V& w& Q9 l# K8 u, PAbstract G) _, K3 o3 C1 L9 r, d
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
" B; e8 F% v6 Y1 O7 qDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
5 K6 b) O* T- ~. v( i. W0 BTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been8 g K: C# r8 l5 s$ y9 _- f
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not5 O$ y! n, a/ F$ \( j+ M
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific M4 C9 K: r; y$ q k
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly5 ?: K# y9 Y8 `8 r* B
to the standardization of the scientific terminology* `6 O" T$ y0 s- }% n# b
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s; V7 |9 i" B8 t/ O$ m7 y5 u/ R
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
) T4 f/ T; g! s' I3 A; Band then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the3 i5 K/ J( F' q& a
standardization of the scientific terminology translation, {- w4 e8 a, y6 v
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien6 g8 i, _. p! ]
he established had helped greatly with the popularization5 ]- e% @( V7 F( I' P& e
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
$ m% e, m/ h; n7 f& T" Vthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way: R. Q7 S1 o$ q# @4 P, y+ O9 s$ j
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
/ J; v2 w6 u, X- q( Cthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a" \' [( M* r0 S" U4 N
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific% K: q L9 G* e' B
terminology.
! n+ V* m% a' q7 O, c6 m3 \Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
}0 m: D, G' U; K$ U/ O% hStandardization of terminology translation8 G9 Q1 f( t' K( D2 X* _) ~4 d. I* x
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
/ }+ V0 K% x- H) H% uStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
Z6 ~; h5 _. c/ {3 r* DChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available( M* d5 `4 D; [
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
- W' [, p2 t, Z3 L9 b) `5 YDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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& M1 [6 }$ y, H+ ^+ C8 M4 `0 zINTRODUCTION/ o6 s# r, Y2 Q3 U
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and2 {& f" C+ e, f' w. U3 b
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).6 l5 f. q8 }3 Q: n% T. ], X# `
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to( T" s4 a* j, p7 v5 S; {4 ]% x7 c
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of& ~0 a% n. h# G! ]% K! l! z$ }
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed- C. N# h* N# _. b6 f
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
. y: K# ~8 n- }an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on7 x0 o d. h3 M* Q8 I
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
! j# c6 D0 U0 R/ C/ O- ~4 O! b- ?1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
- F) ` t: P% Z0 yworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,+ k; j$ e: d8 e7 m9 w! J
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- f. S( }: Q/ Z4 F' hNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated9 U y% w% V* D8 x
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
2 n8 d& F, e& V8 Ewould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,, o) n# a% ~0 W- h8 x) a
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,3 c' w0 F! w6 O. u+ e+ s
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western7 ^% q w7 d0 z
books that made him the most productive one among the
7 Q/ e0 @& a1 K! y6 u5 sforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,; i% \0 b" \& K/ u9 H' s
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
, W) f! M0 q5 @. J3 P; bnoble work which could help accelerate the process of) p' l3 y# ]: e: J3 [
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).6 W" ?4 K/ c' Z6 g0 D
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
) o0 H9 }9 F; u: |5 B4 Valso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
o1 @$ O( A& x( A, O w4 Ascience and the standardization of translated scientific h) T8 P; @: E- F7 t
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific& V, u& q; b: S" Q9 l$ p; {
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
1 f- D$ n( f |* c( k# yestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
& N, ~$ L2 y& N( t4 Z; e: Ucontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
. A1 U2 y7 h4 N+ w8 Z6 [" j! cof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
, Z! b4 |8 {, n4 f6 H( zModern China.5 T- v q# Q; n- q1 U
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published# F. `& H! H. w! E- U
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of& U, y+ }) D, ~# l3 Q& k8 s
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing2 I- u) U: H) {* A$ e4 T2 Y
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In' M4 r* ?' Y* x6 `' }" A
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
; z- L2 i1 v" q5 o0 BTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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