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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 4 u! A7 P, \, o5 V0 R: X
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688 y) o* Z* T7 A/ s; E/ k. P
! I3 G' K, f" w4 E' W: hJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China( g; V2 F/ K6 u2 D7 `3 @ @
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of8 b5 A5 q# W# g
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
' b. g1 ^* K, S1 O- E9 T! G: k7 J) C0 }2 ? L4 N
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
9 V9 y! O6 W& nFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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7 o5 h* r, U1 O9 {3 n3 A% `Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
0 l {7 f# l& ? f$ K/ N( \Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
& I O- i9 M+ qPublished online 26 January 2018
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! @7 V" v5 _; w5 N: n+ c2 LAbstract
! d. C; E4 s/ sJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing/ d l) ]2 F/ ^# f+ r7 c
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
5 H2 W1 ~, d1 P$ O2 HTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
6 X+ I7 y8 z, D4 f2 Jengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not1 i& M" U, o4 n" u c/ l
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific! y* z9 s4 t4 F7 P- a
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
' K6 ]3 G4 d7 V# U. C: tto the standardization of the scientific terminology/ B: }5 i7 |( R4 ^
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s# w' B' g; _, u2 D# m
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,7 |$ F7 p0 T. X! U$ b: z8 C
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
4 q1 z% s$ p. B5 j: a+ Dstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
* f9 a8 p( M1 |in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien# O8 z* R* Q9 U) x
he established had helped greatly with the popularization! d3 q! U% _: n( Y3 g* {" ~
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
" v' ^/ g% @' o& \1 t% r2 mthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
9 R2 E6 O& m+ ?9 q, _! ufor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and. n1 K: [0 ~; s. a# t
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% u; @1 e$ r( Q2 `* X0 |
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific1 `7 e2 r7 [) k* v, V9 N: o* _. n
terminology.+ C8 ^$ r6 d$ J2 W- C
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
$ y3 v& E7 a) U$ `- S0 T+ tStandardization of terminology translation1 z: L) W& |/ i& N% k
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
' s% z8 W6 J* j6 oStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 W, J& l" Z. t$ U, nChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
4 U5 x* Z! r9 ^# ` _' L# O, ]/ @. Ofrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
3 m% w F9 ^2 m; [DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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$ ~/ e! O# h+ H6 P# @INTRODUCTION& l/ W# }4 D1 _% k
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 \" {* Q2 y) K& L. ` f/ ~( N9 ]a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
; g) r* P& h. K; }2 mDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to% k2 Y, K: m$ @. p
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
, M2 N4 E( D$ q; Q K$ y+ [" QSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
1 L* I# D' j: [* p bby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 P6 z& V# B+ k) l- Can editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on" ]( A. i* Q' E* K
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
4 X5 j- q9 J- N1 y% B1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 t' P9 J7 q) wworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
0 L( E3 d, I! a$ U5 l/ h( p" UFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
: V3 q6 F( p6 ?& N# CNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated/ r. w; L8 o0 L: `& o7 `# Y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant* Y; W( ^' Z$ w& A
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 e1 _: w, ?* d: O) h% H7 w
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# ?' T& K4 P5 g- u
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western: `2 c$ x. h" s. Q. i
books that made him the most productive one among the0 d: v9 Q( }; u- B: @+ o6 v# D
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
' b% m9 s" S' f* g f F Ytranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a( r* l! t* s# c: U E8 V
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
, i) L7 g6 M1 D% G5 H: `) A$ S/ lpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
6 C3 x; C9 \$ n, KIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
7 o* C3 I. \1 Q% \+ B/ e* Galso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western1 q6 \, E# ?- J+ @$ I3 G
science and the standardization of translated scientific
. w, ~& X( H" n& c X5 _- L( |terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific. j" c4 w" r( m% `4 h0 ?
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the6 O3 w6 G% G; }9 x% z/ K5 A; b
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another \2 m; g$ P; p/ O! z+ H
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
l3 Z2 l: m1 F+ a2 N% ?of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
' M' i2 N$ N' b* a y$ tModern China.
$ h( |) q' V- \, NAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
( T* `) k, N# C& Y AThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
! i7 m; G3 m" C/ C7 _3 g4 Ttravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing& Y0 }# ]) r. k0 D
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In. O+ @6 V" p6 Y7 O# p W' {3 f
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and- x% E* E& \+ j# n8 G
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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