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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) o- ?' {, b/ J$ i% {
+ K- b" x- f' F" Thttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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" T/ D' V& [0 r8 o8 ~John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China9 K5 J! b* @2 T; M% c G% P
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of) O" @0 p( M) M& U; ^0 P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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3 L4 J3 p2 Y$ o; }3 v# k9 tLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of8 D; |- f0 E2 ~# X" ?4 v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) K* h$ F. ]5 O4 B; X
' z0 y+ _0 F( G+ |5 w1 B$ QSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ." R6 ?. E3 [4 h: b% {5 f
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018$ G. t& @( g0 H3 E* `
Published online 26 January 2018
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, S M! F: P! M* W% PAbstract7 S& _/ M5 E! i) O+ t
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing$ _; V+ ]% M, p7 F# r
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
' ^, [$ R) q5 m; n/ D; P: v% `& pTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been a. Q) A4 S+ K0 Z ?1 E
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
5 k3 `" w' B) aonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
" O+ _5 x# A7 U: ^+ {5 z8 ^" xworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly A( w3 N! _2 J' U7 Y% ?
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
5 [6 ~ P' B( i4 }8 htranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
3 _7 a8 [* r9 [) J4 z5 lscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
5 y4 u( F4 Y( P( Sand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
4 O% U! @* V {1 `standardization of the scientific terminology translation
1 B% F% H. w2 O9 G1 e* Kin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien D8 s6 N3 M" U& B" Y) u
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
0 x' F. t1 f& T9 v& dof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
# r/ v+ c% q' [" F( j$ Ythe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way& {2 V) J8 n: F
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and. G' F) N4 V. L/ [9 F4 G3 \( s+ N
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
9 d1 H+ O3 d( P/ T! J) j5 [/ g; ~1 qgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific' A% y" k- W2 v X& e
terminology.
9 {/ w& z9 W9 j* a! wKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
& ?, Y$ h9 L4 tStandardization of terminology translation
4 E% }0 s" n4 P' ~+ zYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
4 v8 Q' M9 A2 V* L" o1 R6 LStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
u6 ~0 G- i% D6 D4 p, l. dChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
0 K3 v1 F( c0 h B8 C7 x$ {from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
3 a! k, a0 j/ X7 g' G$ P; \DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102132 u: J6 I8 ]+ N8 G$ t9 b0 M
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' w: D. _' U: r9 g# C, e5 iINTRODUCTION a) C2 }+ ?4 v, X) j8 E: M1 i
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and7 ^& X+ L9 N8 L' ~0 k( N
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).* P; @) }$ i/ |2 L6 | `) G8 z
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
" u6 g$ [$ j& ]0 W2 r2 O3 F6 F4 NHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
& B0 P1 l) A$ l( i a$ P6 u/ _& JSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
% v- N* ~5 ~! J0 N2 p, k& sby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
; y" x/ }0 b! \8 r% Han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
; k4 y) f! Q# p/ [! q1 Vhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-0 ~- w- y% h" r9 d [
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
1 R: d6 k0 d; i# E' O, H+ t; wworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,& {& A& c7 [' H7 r0 h; d- `% h
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- `2 L( `( q; L( D: f& j+ ^. t* dNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated4 u: C S$ }4 U
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant' _/ I0 u3 d. n
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,9 _2 T2 C# a5 W# w1 o q, H
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
5 M9 l8 c0 l- D; a3 kFryer translated more than one hundred of Western$ n0 {1 V9 H1 G% W6 e/ J( p
books that made him the most productive one among the! Q2 p5 X$ f, |8 p
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
) A4 j7 T, R. F, E; ftranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
. s! J0 l* A7 [, Z3 F% I1 Znoble work which could help accelerate the process of4 ], o. Q' X. L/ g- S( r, l
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% Z% P& d" n, P/ T3 w& ^2 FIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
# p# A, p4 j A, ^2 C% B, qalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western" t1 F7 }4 o# \! C4 T' g
science and the standardization of translated scientific9 W0 q) o. n( K& I
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
. f# k/ y5 M! S8 u9 @magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
" g2 ^' n* a9 W% Westablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
$ Y7 V$ F1 f) L, Pcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
% }; F& o0 `2 e9 j$ {/ X+ @! Zof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
+ u; f. ~0 P0 u0 T9 z9 C5 K+ W$ `3 a9 VModern China.
$ X3 S: G3 g% E& r8 _& TAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published' l- U& s/ z& c5 H
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of1 [0 d* V1 N* ^
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
7 W0 h" y- q$ Qa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
2 o* i6 {( G% M5 uJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
/ \9 f) i8 G- ~4 ?. v- W% ?) s5 {Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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