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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - S6 i( O9 @4 p7 P1 ]5 f N5 B
+ a/ w7 ]: U1 r/ i, `4 _http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China9 Q" D% t! }+ C& K# h7 @+ t
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, T) q% H0 E8 P. _. v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of& t9 ~ v. Y P* X) W, x7 t. G9 P% V
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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, U" j7 {* q7 }' `. B9 ?Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 ^: f7 t+ p, ]; Y* P- Z# `
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
+ H" [( |- d; p5 q6 _, ^6 v ~Published online 26 January 2018
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- Z7 v1 W/ P. d% HAbstract
( e. U# Z' X7 v) C: T8 nJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
9 l7 \; L( Z' h4 @ ?Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The; \. A8 h7 Z7 {. w/ V5 \8 g
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
' j( v% y! V" l& S/ H- z' n/ _engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
- A7 J; a$ D! r, M$ jonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific: ~( i2 r6 o" n. q
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
: }) ?* |2 @3 @. ?, Z1 R- sto the standardization of the scientific terminology
# l* a1 _8 u3 }3 x$ Y' _7 vtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s0 e* u7 u/ C& `, |5 q4 T
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
5 d1 f# s# `" L+ b* }% I2 Pand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
8 o# D6 n9 f4 Q* W* l# B% nstandardization of the scientific terminology translation' k9 g7 S" h( E8 e; I
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien4 g g1 I2 [3 r6 h
he established had helped greatly with the popularization- ]0 Y" {- i0 ~$ W
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring% z; j0 p+ Y! }: v
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way6 |! B5 J1 n8 i: i; b- ?
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and1 c6 ^4 D5 l7 t3 ~4 I1 L6 o
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a/ x# Q" G9 l" r; \: [# ^
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ ?8 d- J4 {3 E- E' f' T( I @terminology.
# i$ h, a0 j# _; ~Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
. _; ~ O3 u' }8 s9 K6 ]- b7 k5 ZStandardization of terminology translation
6 m2 t4 [& ]2 H0 v6 JYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to) \/ a% W2 x* R" G: Q5 x. Z
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
( w4 d6 o) b- d. I& f- U5 |, X- QChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
( k* x7 B1 q" r- Zfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213' s3 D8 W& |- D ~8 h# P8 y
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION+ p; a4 q4 ^: i" x( ]
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and D6 {% _3 [. r. t. a9 ^5 p
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
: S2 M# X8 q0 S. O: U! z/ L2 ?Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
; C( M; B# G4 b: gHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
0 w$ I+ u$ F! y/ g+ }9 c5 kSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
& ~6 E! C" ^2 J6 J+ Z5 F( ^by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 n" Y t5 B7 Z$ e7 e. J+ Pan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
+ d2 U& b( z# m' |" jhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-2 H- t4 ?2 A! J' {& @
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific. E+ c: N* I4 c x% C, W& {
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner, z, |4 l& R* Q, [8 V
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.0 c3 \- u8 y6 O. V: P g
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
( H* d! b9 Y5 |3 y7 G/ o; Lto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant9 f1 `3 ~3 |% H* @4 Y% G% g K& y/ i
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
3 A) W: ?$ w8 D0 `$ t$ y% g. |* Frevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
+ Z" m* S7 O- h8 }8 F2 L. IFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
! r% [2 |3 s, q9 kbooks that made him the most productive one among the( F0 X/ q; K8 |$ G* E
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
4 H: {( |2 B7 i. Z4 Itranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a; O1 |$ R) T" x, V" v: ]
noble work which could help accelerate the process of5 n; Z$ s% z5 Q
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
0 u }4 B! T5 ^In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
/ J \9 d' ^) P+ a' @5 z/ O, Dalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western0 {0 j2 U( U1 J/ V/ L
science and the standardization of translated scientific
5 k# ]- ~- O, Iterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific0 N0 G5 s. r: u7 W
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
$ H; u% b* o& t1 k! @: p) kestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another0 X/ x4 s) g6 y2 @& _7 D! d
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
( U- F+ v8 J3 I: i6 hof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in5 v2 d$ r$ K% ]- u7 W; O
Modern China.3 N" W5 X1 ?+ p/ i8 V+ t' S! s
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published5 B. t& U( k, A" S
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
' _" {& v' p h- y \. ]travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing5 B, x/ X% }8 e0 H- e3 O& h
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
. d3 q3 \% t; q y! V mJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
8 I8 ]/ ]1 }2 `' JTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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