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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 % l: j0 c8 B# w" s3 u% v
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688% d E% a* r# N |" r
/ J' y8 y+ Z. eJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
$ Q. ?' v/ G, @, S9 ]3 n* G0 bYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 E' g- @- V$ {! O) M3 n
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
9 i* B- C6 a- \( [* J) D
; p- r H& C' G r1 o1 ?2 pLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
( I1 O5 w5 m& i* U: T0 e* ]Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.3 q8 Z& G" q& R/ h H1 }9 T
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
, e7 p7 u/ ^0 X6 i$ }3 _6 ]Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20186 l) C, f( `3 p' @# ^2 U
Published online 26 January 2018& [' d) k9 q+ v, R
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9 ^) s; N# {7 C) V# w& vAbstract
% i) x! n- K4 |' _John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
) ? d7 U6 z+ U. x+ n+ W, L& yDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
6 A! J5 r! b6 k6 K/ G. d1 [Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been$ v e+ u9 G0 o- g# |. w
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not- @9 x% W. {% o4 E
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
' L# D" V' g2 Tworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
+ V8 T6 ]/ v4 Y Z- h+ g# q% eto the standardization of the scientific terminology1 h5 A x; b" O7 I6 D- R( p
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s1 z0 l0 Y) W$ t O* ~' u( \: |
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,- [1 Y: [/ Y1 q$ @6 B; c! g/ y
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
) ]4 M' f& F( X/ e$ O m0 Wstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
$ ^& C6 C5 L; Y! ^- |# r f4 qin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien, I* Q9 ]6 T7 P) D
he established had helped greatly with the popularization% J8 e7 Z, r& N8 b" L F9 P% K/ x4 N
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring1 E% K& |6 W# S2 W
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 d- l" U3 C* g: {# u$ ^! zfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and/ J* W+ s W0 t& T* s
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
5 \/ p! E- z. k6 X/ d6 s3 z! [great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
2 k+ H5 v* H! l8 A7 B m( \terminology.$ x# q1 _& ~; Y+ [) T9 `
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 @$ |6 V7 t3 I
Standardization of terminology translation* d" t( x3 ?( O0 Y$ P% J
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
' P; A2 r1 G8 r! h$ ]Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern* u+ m! o6 w4 q
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available3 i; K( u' e1 w; Z. b
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 D! l- a# Y3 Y, Q; J
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102132 n2 M# F& o7 {! t; J1 Z$ m& j
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INTRODUCTION
( G" Y2 `4 I6 V" H HJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and- o* G1 \& }1 [; s2 |1 b
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).! D8 d9 ` R1 ?7 _4 G6 x
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
+ m, g3 Q. j9 ^# V' CHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
4 b$ y8 z0 o4 s# h$ VSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed1 p6 A7 s7 Z8 O0 S* P3 P; i9 c
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& x/ C) ^& I6 r* [1 W* c
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
7 N. x5 V8 o/ W( Mhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-& p! N) ^0 l) L w6 P! ]' i
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific0 n3 S/ k1 q$ \- i; X
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
3 z" i. v( r/ H# B$ J% Y* s( G" n; vFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.; z V, v; j, \& V6 ?& L2 z! M6 c
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated" J! w# j+ A; w9 a# X% W1 Q
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant% l$ e, z/ t3 H8 x5 s
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,$ ^% _! ` W! h
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,$ O$ H! y8 g0 s: y/ T* U n
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western* @$ @7 s a# S5 s" N ?9 ?7 d
books that made him the most productive one among the
! r7 P% y, \) K9 p& m# @5 \foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,+ ]0 ^! ~4 ^6 U9 ]$ h4 N
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a1 o4 d: b' l& L( F' w- Y3 @+ v6 G
noble work which could help accelerate the process of' L0 V. x S. K( q' P
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% n# F# J0 A5 x# Q9 a: |# R. tIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer, G' U' \) p$ P3 X5 j
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
5 @1 j! { `: t* O8 Yscience and the standardization of translated scientific
- X O$ _4 @* [( P$ s6 f2 Tterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific7 @+ r* y& Z1 ]6 G, S: S4 h3 O
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
' M* }3 ?$ H# O' y$ @# S' ^ w& ^establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
1 x" r; m4 v7 a! J0 s9 F7 hcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series$ ^7 `3 d/ |; M9 x1 s+ b
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ e4 z- w3 v. Q3 s4 {0 Z+ x
Modern China.
$ |9 U8 E( ^ D& ?6 \6 l% jAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published3 d( s# g& Y# w6 x
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of9 b, E# O8 ^" @& N ]
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
, @+ M) X7 d+ Y$ Sa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In' D* Y& V$ t5 L) P; W3 v
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
6 a3 B, u2 V2 NTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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