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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 5 F4 B0 ^- m4 S
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688, @0 B% ?, R* }9 R
: A# s: Z1 x6 t; Y8 FJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
* Y1 S1 J! d+ J& G, L1 Z, j- }YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of; {: B* J2 V; X3 p
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. ^0 ^) Q6 t) q3 a7 R8 b
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
$ }6 {8 a' t* x8 q* QFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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6 B3 h" ` Z% J$ H( v2 |( xSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .3 p/ T) f" n0 b* f& {+ r- L
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018- s6 T4 P) S( o0 y
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract& L7 n5 }& `0 S8 \3 d4 i* B
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing; ?" d& O. z* W0 r: u5 Y4 F
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The- v' p6 s7 M" R8 c+ _; `3 d
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
' o% W6 G; K) J3 P6 _) Vengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 V2 y& d7 F2 m- oonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific6 S5 i. [: T( ?. ]( q0 S- F
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly' L6 d% I& x) J8 V+ N9 ]& L: U0 L) |1 M
to the standardization of the scientific terminology7 N5 v b2 O/ ^8 S" M; N
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s) N& e* x1 ]% H4 c9 l+ P
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,. g, J! q& T/ N( r6 _$ ]
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the1 d. l) e$ ?9 u' M1 H3 Q/ c- z
standardization of the scientific terminology translation1 S& Q8 [/ t; `5 N% j
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
: d- o V/ \0 ]# L, nhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
]2 L& z3 r% j: ?7 Gof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring4 ?' m. w. Q8 k; |6 B
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
6 ^, {3 a: ]" C! u6 c0 \2 Qfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and4 ?$ a1 _( G! R" A& P. e
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a5 Z! W0 t$ ?+ U0 w" ~
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
# h H/ {& R: L C8 V, d; \terminology.4 m# i' s3 f: E3 ~2 F
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;. A; E6 M/ H6 s; N& C
Standardization of terminology translation; L5 B0 s+ S; S% e& a
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
_& |; e- y* ^1 o3 |5 zStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern4 q! W2 t9 R/ l/ ^( s
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available4 U" x+ [4 b; P9 N8 d- Z, u; j
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
7 ]) {- X5 x7 i0 ~DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( X9 D2 `. u1 o" QINTRODUCTION- R. H' J4 f* k+ p
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and; `; y+ W0 {1 {& e }. [& N* R/ Z
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912). ~, v# }; V) c7 X' n" ~9 F
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
$ r7 e4 \1 C" l6 I$ L) EHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
& q( _- R( X. g* K/ o% CSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
O$ V) g- W3 I0 t$ Aby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& F2 a: D, G/ o& L0 U4 M' \
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on- h) p' x. R: G7 w( l8 U# ~& i g
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-: S! G) v# h$ _5 r8 b D
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific, a( ^! X/ P3 @4 k; H8 W5 a3 d
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," z+ l }# N3 H# y# a
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
2 W$ ^: S+ f; Z% QNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated2 c4 Z# X- X9 v0 T5 h
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
. P) e, y: E# _would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
# M5 A- r* Q+ \revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
2 Z6 C3 T! l7 \$ o5 r, U' ]1 m/ aFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
; E# s% v4 S* H/ C8 r9 mbooks that made him the most productive one among the# G( w8 _9 x6 G
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
; j' c* j; O2 Q4 S: D8 ztranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a" U, Y) G6 L" I0 B2 X" R
noble work which could help accelerate the process of2 M1 x0 A0 D& h: D" W5 ]& B
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% \5 m j* z, D$ c+ e" eIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer" }. i) m' P) C6 Q7 \ N* z
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western( U# U) r/ V! A! a# ^
science and the standardization of translated scientific
* \# s1 m3 a5 ]/ r5 Sterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
3 l1 m5 p! L4 N4 O% A+ Kmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the y! N" c& T& l+ Y2 C, N
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another# [% o& e4 O% V$ o$ R
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series3 D2 |7 e2 a* W( x2 v
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
8 h' U- [8 c8 B; EModern China.( t& N% Z& x9 T4 m
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published2 U% n) l5 N' L, a4 {0 A' L3 w
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of" ?6 b* r. C- z- L6 F$ P4 _. l5 j3 U Y
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
- w: z* T6 Y5 S$ M' F( O/ ^a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
" N- W$ u9 e; l1 [( Z6 l8 Z+ a2 kJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
) ^/ l% L1 s! x$ V% ~; z7 e* q$ STechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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