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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) B0 f1 G6 g) ~7 B
0 Z q8 e6 h9 @& E! A% T6 ^http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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q' s5 |" H4 |4 L( VJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China3 z1 a. X0 [* `5 q6 Y
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of. G' g8 p* J5 L3 Q4 ~6 U
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.9 T6 D3 O8 z1 D+ d3 t$ {& X
8 p& u u7 a' F" G& F* kLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of$ v+ F4 E% e2 \& t1 {% Q; I
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 y; ]- t* ]' P( x- p8 P
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
1 w8 c! m0 \ B2 C8 y: N6 lReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018: @6 v' y. p/ X3 ^9 E$ P. i* f
Published online 26 January 2018' E- P; G0 h- g3 |0 ^4 a! ?& ?3 a) i
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Abstract
% k# w- T, z( ^( Y, |3 a9 qJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing5 k9 v- u4 }* E6 h7 N1 |4 f% o
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
; M7 W6 g5 t* KTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
1 R7 U+ v8 h5 H9 A0 g; \; {engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
3 S8 h4 d( y% x1 Ronly having translated a great deal of Western scientific! r" M' d7 o: h
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
2 C. z/ O) G4 p( d; n2 g* Bto the standardization of the scientific terminology9 |+ g" k- N( ]
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
9 T6 I3 q+ `: v. Hscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
% A; Y8 I% _3 u5 F$ D0 {* W! [and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the# a/ ]$ r/ t7 t9 K9 T$ k' b
standardization of the scientific terminology translation; v3 w U* n: r( m$ ~' r
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien( {+ |. |* n; c1 N9 F8 ]0 D+ \
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
~5 O0 W& }2 B3 t+ p& H- qof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring( P1 O5 T7 E$ I% j
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
. I. F7 l3 g& P: }4 ?for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
3 |4 n- {; b5 Cthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a; k2 a% t" ^5 v- w
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific# |" W( {5 ]; x# T; F& {
terminology.
+ T* s% _# n4 {0 [. {! A6 UKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;+ ]2 |( \) B L
Standardization of terminology translation
% ~' P4 a+ u. E9 l! yYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to; P3 v7 U q5 P! T3 B
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern" B. j) \" ?4 Q: Q. Z: |7 {
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available* ~, n# _3 N; G3 C1 D- B
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
3 U7 e t; d" ?/ r1 xDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213: {) a# l7 A+ N- ?# n8 L! Y. ]
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: [* g0 u% `& r' n, hINTRODUCTION
* R+ v7 p8 b1 \& b9 bJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and, Y* i9 s) v5 q% e& b' r
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).5 J$ C& Z a' n$ [
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
3 T7 J h9 k# u* BHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
, w4 o6 m! b) [% S- A' WSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed3 y" |8 z7 e8 ? t
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as+ r; p; e- e- h* B
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on2 H8 h: I8 L/ ~
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-3 w. b0 K r' r" h
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific3 ~0 Y" s* b* o2 W; o
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,$ f2 q0 E3 Q; x1 s3 t; w
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.7 I. @) z1 e% x1 @
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated% T7 N& T P5 a+ X5 O4 V
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
. W0 t9 s+ H7 v0 rwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
% g) |- L! Q5 n2 `# drevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,. Z8 H5 v- Q0 {3 y, D
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
" N9 w8 ]" f& {* A \1 cbooks that made him the most productive one among the
$ H" N$ n. R$ {5 [+ P' Z6 aforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
" V7 D$ D/ C/ [, c. Ztranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a `& Q4 m9 h6 z" X
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
# l2 V+ V% n; w. x! H. U8 ^ ~people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).) k+ U5 e1 `: ]6 n' h; h
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
: H/ b0 y1 e7 k6 [! |4 J; ?also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western* x$ O: @* `1 o' v
science and the standardization of translated scientific
: e9 }, o/ b. @; G8 L" qterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
' z4 S# P8 f( [/ ~: S( q$ Qmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
6 ^4 T7 D, J. T6 t1 Eestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another, d+ a6 y, M1 a
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
/ a5 ^+ D8 w& ~2 u O3 Cof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
' W' [5 k2 o& f/ qModern China.# o, }* z o4 y0 \, N- N$ C
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published5 A3 Q3 B" j+ p4 h
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
( e' ]; r9 @- r' {3 n! atravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing8 p& s4 [5 p/ E9 x, |! K
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
3 _. ^6 K0 g; TJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
/ v" {7 q( K2 c8 w" xTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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