 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)3 w) o3 B+ w1 c% q2 [& @6 O, l
/ D+ F4 L7 R, [4 T0 S3 r( s
Proof:
* `5 x. R3 T+ S$ E2 V2 tLet n >1 be an integer
: S/ ^0 W* L( E4 _1 YBasis: (n=2)) t+ t; G9 a% M+ ^
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 32 r3 t. L9 o5 `6 v
! |) G% m9 a9 ~( U% a }5 T6 W
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
8 w8 g' Y6 U5 h9 h2 B, ` K^3 – K can by divided by 3.6 f! M& ?7 T( o5 K! {
$ z4 o% z8 |! S% @4 d; g, `9 V/ K
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
; `& q" L' ], |" h/ `since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
J3 Y, n4 V e4 WThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
B: d2 U4 ?! F+ G+ x7 s8 x = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
# q( h3 d! G5 r8 a = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K) v4 L& y. D/ ^- k+ E% g
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( c# n2 ~1 W* O$ G1 o) f
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>04 F ~+ |: e! J8 {" u
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 B6 n$ t0 A6 Q1 f% p1 d. V7 |" s
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
8 l, g( e6 M* L' e& t+ _8 V0 U = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3- g9 U4 {1 V' R9 v9 L5 U
$ q- o1 w' \% a) O' z6 R
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1. d9 I/ s2 W4 ]( T. Y1 Y5 c
! `6 K" B' ? S( N! h+ j# b" d[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|