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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n) T; F9 K: _5 _* }& y* V0 T
2 @: \. @0 j/ _0 B3 k2 X4 o% @Proof:
5 `/ T+ k, I" }Let n >1 be an integer & C. v; b, _5 U$ O. j) G
Basis: (n=2)
. Y f5 }8 `/ \ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3) B+ _) N; f0 k8 w% ]4 u6 E
& N* Y# e# z% |' ~% p7 rInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
0 W; l, B! U ]. }" | K^3 – K can by divided by 3./ [3 L- \$ v5 w$ _& o6 b+ m
; m6 m2 d" I) ^- \( DNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
& o, t/ T; _$ S( S* V# zsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem4 z, N: }' F7 C/ R1 B
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)$ T) L/ c( o" \, A5 ~: j; p# j5 a
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
7 W& R; `$ ]- G = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, G6 t5 t0 E! A3 P% V5 ^2 J = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, n; |; v; B$ z+ pby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
2 o. B0 S& V7 X, ?- p. ^2 ^: s- mSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
t5 j1 [* _8 b8 V = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 p& g8 n# E' H( U5 z Z) h = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
" h- M. X9 {: \) l2 K5 N4 x8 j$ X# ?, j; P! v @
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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( [5 ]0 h Y4 x8 g[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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