 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
8 D3 e; ^' d" I0 q2 k2 d/ N! a" ?9 B# d% P4 Y4 W9 {$ V- S
Proof: ; j q6 O! H. X8 y, d% i# b' c2 e% t
Let n >1 be an integer ( k% a! M d B! ?1 A1 R; }+ M
Basis: (n=2)
; {/ j7 e" Y% F. z4 @ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
A( L+ u* L8 b: g% l) T, e4 f$ S8 G3 R3 T
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
8 Q3 z. h) k3 h3 j. [2 A K^3 – K can by divided by 3.9 ]5 i" H" H- }0 g& m, j5 E5 B
0 R I6 F7 v- l& |( |. D7 hNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3% }7 |; `4 F" Z: W' f9 [$ S6 e) P
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem. E4 O/ @# m! T, e/ g
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)& j8 {4 l9 i/ ~! o1 q
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K F1 L! s: ?: y/ ?& S! R; y
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# C9 [- P4 ?& n. e8 g0 Y = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 p1 ^) n3 W2 t3 a: `0 Wby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
; o; t ~9 M& K+ V/ M$ ]So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ _: i# Z0 X7 P/ W- ]
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)" T! l9 P2 O0 S. T2 Y! \0 ^
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! P' u+ Z! I' {) Z% R
4 w8 T/ j3 G- zConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
2 ]4 s6 Y- q( c, m! i# E( B2 r) y- y( J' m
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|