 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! . ^, E5 |* O; K- R0 Q
& U( K0 H' @5 [2 B U2 O 一、厕所 % Y) N4 j Y& g
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
% E0 _9 P7 Q$ u9 z* b$ c: x4 I7 k; U: q0 i8 E: d
二、解小便
4 Z5 w/ d1 I" G$ e7 ^ 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: ; Q# G% i5 I1 f
Will (could) you urinate in this cup? ) B$ R% F; |4 o& W- ~ Y
+ d; Y& [, U1 n: C+ S2 z 医生或许也会问:
& R3 y; s$ j t% W Do you have trouble urinating?
$ A# Z$ b- \0 t* p =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) / C' E/ M+ e" Y ] ~* e2 V
3 `5 E. \. }$ O C+ E 此外,还有其他的说法: & b& K$ \. `0 N
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
! w! {! D" P, s * I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
8 {+ L7 `# A% U * How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
' Z, X/ n* D. d) Z2 `3 D
9 w( e! E; M, k. c! ~ 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
: Q; {/ ]& z# c- N; Z* f * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
* W N+ _2 a3 ~8 f 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 . f5 n k& Y1 _2 |0 P
; t2 a$ q3 C3 R! @ * He went to the john a few minutes ago. 1 p5 `7 D ^4 P, m: Q
他在几分钟前上了厕所。
5 V- s* J8 k$ S0 O0 S) s( m" c% X; s$ i! C
1 H% B- r8 g' i6 i * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
6 l3 [/ s2 Y1 U; M9 K5 ^ 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 + x* S6 k% G R8 w- [1 W5 q
) a4 I1 K) @& b$ q3 A4 s( A. h: }( l 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: # D) Q3 X' x6 B( T P
* The boy needs to pee. : z: H0 p1 q. {
' F" \0 e5 C7 V4 f7 C/ T+ d
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
# i$ t' g/ @/ v; o * Do I need a urine test?
+ k% d. O/ U6 \+ U
0 O/ N4 `3 f. T# b5 \ 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: 1 _' K' ^) F Y0 w" x
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry. W4 x# \5 D) c
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 1 A+ Q4 Y# G+ v( S* M& V
4 X( J: o; s4 t& d8 R- v, {4 c 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
4 e8 b3 J5 A* q; F * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) l: e: o7 J3 M, s, \
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) $ F- ?- h: Z0 B# ?& q/ U h
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) 5 y/ I. @% n4 M
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) & n1 `0 Q% w' B& L9 a% N6 E
: }& }+ `0 P; C$ Y 三、解大便 9 n, V+ z- x: ]! x6 m" ~* {! s0 W
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: ) p1 w' A( g' v. f: K
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
R& r. O$ A* D7 X =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
3 x: f+ \6 S+ }+ r * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement)
2 h: r1 z1 Q8 [7 }& L0 f+ k/ n
3 f: B/ V' e! s# u7 l 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
& ^) N8 l% p5 ~3 ]# n * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) 4 {' G6 \; O) C, W+ p2 X
T& Z5 M5 }9 M 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
$ b1 S9 Q, ]% { p3 w! Q0 D * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) ' d4 f" T7 K; ~ }% h1 `4 L7 J
- b- P9 M3 v: z% l6 ] 四、放屁
: a4 v4 t" o( A1 J4 E 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问:
o% X* ~5 n( J* F1 ~& @' w How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? 0 _ @2 j" p1 k1 C B1 V% b8 b
你放屁的次数很多吗? 1 |% u' @4 s4 a4 \
* Is the gas expelled by belching? 0 L% }$ Y4 r$ V" M7 A
是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) * y+ m# l) w# ~7 z7 \1 g; b5 b$ j
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
! l8 ?9 Z5 d; E) d 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 ' D6 w: b4 ]2 U
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. 1 M6 t" X) K* n7 Q! a& L
过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 5 _" z5 k& z& A4 w0 _4 `$ h
* Be careful not to fart in the public. 7 b. r1 a, z, G6 T9 X6 o, ]
注意在公共场所不可放屁。
- ?+ ~% M( _5 |: L
7 g" N8 q2 y% {' `; t 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: + X: D9 |& w$ @( L
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
" `) X2 K% \+ o* n = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. 6 g. Q! }# \% P7 K. [
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) + `# X7 I: d. s) V6 L
5 @2 J1 Q7 a0 i8 X) l7 r * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. 7 f6 b+ ~/ x0 P/ @0 X$ j
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
9 ?: ^4 }; X* Y, U * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) , k: l9 ?3 ^7 S' `
他经常便秘。) 或 0 r8 {3 _ f2 F
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
4 S7 d" s8 H H0 ]+ M8 N6 u * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
9 f" }* ^2 S Q; { o Q * He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
: M% v/ N9 R5 q& g0 W9 J+ y' \3 o+ k8 }
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
! v! j# b- p4 t8 m; G" d! u/ p" J( w 他拉了一阵肚子。
[* F4 H9 x+ R2 d2 K * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)
) ]) g$ ^$ B9 W% c! K 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|