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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 " l7 C& p7 B& U% o: y+ j
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Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
7 K3 ^. k# J% Q x. }2 `Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
9 D1 }3 t8 A, W7 }' i) o- @The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
* D& G1 J/ z4 f8 mCurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
' n$ y, [) b S8 U4 K. ~The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.* }1 j- F6 _# k! j" l* T, [. j# f
The country codes used are :* Y0 O+ _4 Z/ X# U
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CODE \COUNTRY
$ Z/ z% q+ ]; Y( p r, @$ f+ \; t00-13 USA & Canada
* _ C- p, {. @20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)2 _1 D* x% Q/ K- R. T
30-37 France
9 X- j0 s, U) y+ b380 Bulgaria& b4 ~& r* q8 g; `$ H. a( v
383 Slovenia
9 m$ Y* P# d+ a. W385 Croatia
7 {) Z' s L" Z4 P* C387 Bosnia-Herzegovina9 E! Z5 G% P* _1 m8 j2 G" c
400-440 Germany
5 a6 u# ?0 w4 v$ m! P# E: |45 Japan4 e: \! u1 g6 W" o
46 Russian Federation( g% |" R( }$ a+ B5 R5 t0 a. n8 R
471 Taiwan
1 Z) B' c8 t5 k- g( h* Y4 R7 h474 Estonia
* i9 ?! y! o2 S7 i5 I" U% ?( _% X475 Latvia; Y- e; U/ S. a& i# r( X! b0 l% |
476 Azerbaijan
J, |2 R) ?7 m3 Q. C9 j2 H477 Lithuania
) V% O3 @8 z" E# B478 Uzbekistan
0 ]$ a* c( V2 }0 v0 M8 }2 D479 Sri Lanka
+ F0 m4 H6 o" b; V' S480 Philippines/ I! C3 t: C) L2 W
481 Belarus
. i. j |4 w+ c482 Ukraine
5 I6 H+ D7 Z" L" v% X9 n/ u, `484 Moldova
; Y$ r& t0 _2 u7 c) t1 C* X6 x/ c7 ]485 Armenia; F; e: [7 g8 a7 P" L
486 Georgia
8 p. |4 ?/ I3 ~% H$ o487 Kazakhstan3 o- g$ a9 Q* J% H/ N# P
489 Hong Kong
0 f" o1 A' w$ i& {0 O49 Japan
( s T: v G6 ]7 R50 UK: \2 ?( [4 C$ T' y* m4 k
520 Greece
1 p B1 k u* q7 {2 C528 Lebanon# w) [1 w; \8 W. J* g
529 Cyprus
/ ^# w6 P6 L j/ T* \% ^531 Macedonia
$ I+ C. x( [0 V' [1 h8 }535 Malta1 W% ^2 o7 \& c1 C5 p, {0 Y& p2 F
539 Ireland( p9 L7 |; }7 ]6 h1 t& r
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
$ ~4 O; J& D, q$ V6 b2 |; T0 R560 Portugal0 o- t; I% ^0 f& ~
569 Iceland. i; s1 l/ G8 x
57 Denmark
# z, m; X: W4 h( j; R+ ?1 w% W590 Poland
- V- l6 J o' w0 v4 _- K' j594 Romania2 T' a+ d$ C/ f6 g# B
599 Hungary* Q# V& C/ H3 R9 M5 w( {1 R2 M
600-601 South Africa& f$ d1 t% s2 z8 z& A
609 Mauritius
% F4 @7 G3 G3 b8 R611 Morocco' M4 M/ e( ^: F8 o0 Y2 q/ i. n C5 N& n
613 Algeria! x0 w) B- I( m. |) ~
619 Tunisia7 v8 ^8 g1 B! N7 N' x4 m. ?9 L
621 Syria
' t7 T. V( r; Z- f* A622 Egypt$ H1 @' ?+ e% }- R
624 Libya
" W3 ^9 G! u" B625 Jordan9 k! [; d* }: v2 Q
626 Iran! w" ~6 a$ ^; `' F2 J1 S4 _
627 Kuwait, u8 @+ E, C7 l$ A$ z
628 Saudi Arabia
# A! ?# }; I9 g3 C629 United Arab Emirates
: B p1 ]' D3 z u64 Finland
! q- l" z+ l/ ~/ S7 \' i/ ?690-692 China% ` w2 w8 k4 ^& }* L' m; |
70 Norway6 Z# W! f2 ]* m5 J
729 Israel
, U- z7 h6 j4 {1 Q3 }7 ]6 I) u2 c73 Sweden
0 v3 q: b+ m, k. {740 Guatemala3 x' Q) S6 N+ a
741 El Salvador$ m2 y) }+ W& f6 e1 n! R
742 Honduras4 z) U. H9 D; r; ]0 Y7 C
743 Nicaragua. r( q, o7 M) }0 I
744 Costa Rica
+ y7 q3 B6 h; `745 Panama4 Q) }9 f! J! Z* n) I
746 Dominican Republic
$ _% J# t# ]- D: y/ W+ U& X750 Mexico! S' N' p+ x) b% H
759 Venezuela" l5 }, Y- k8 d4 n- ~
76 Switzerland, K2 A8 a7 q |
770 Colombia- n* v+ \- X, x
773 Uruguay5 T! A% ~ a9 S7 Z9 v
775 Peru0 Y6 e) t, F( V) b- \3 L- X& l
777 Bolivia0 u8 j! R5 ^/ {' N" n
779 Argentina
9 z- d1 P) Z0 @- m780 Chile
7 \2 Y2 J I% @# _ c! B$ K% y784 Paraguay
: Z6 H5 v9 R& b, L6 B, _785 Peru
' {0 W& i* |: D786 Ecuador7 ]( M6 m8 o6 a
789 Brazil) W0 K5 d* B* B: v6 ^. w
80-83 Italy/ ?( z( k+ O( e0 X7 ^( x
84 Spain
" R7 z' o4 `4 K+ h, n5 i' I850 Cuba
0 F/ Y4 Q0 }+ C' A. l U, A858 Slovakia) e3 @; R# H2 |0 ^0 s
859 Czech Republic; b* m" r7 V; M; }7 v
860 Serbia & Montenegro
$ m* Q+ X: n& D! n i869 Turkey7 ?3 G. T" d: o+ b4 r5 F, y
87 Netherlands9 N3 \9 z' }0 D2 g
880 South Korea, m2 d8 y" y6 A* }
885 Thailand
- m- G) R. ~% c% S8 ~9 n3 }! y888 Singapore* |4 a% K n' ?' n; q
890 India( K0 X8 t N0 u; j( c. g
893 Vietnam* ^" q1 t# e5 d& t- i1 T
899 Indonesia* e1 o% V5 A0 g
90 -91 Austria
f1 Y2 \$ M7 ?4 Q# T9 ^. H3 u93 Australia+ F% k C5 g& Y2 v/ b
94 New Zealand
0 k3 J! ?& S) |8 u) H2 m, J# ?# r/ \955 Malaysia, I: r% V2 ?5 B. G5 Y+ r, Y2 X
958 Macau
/ E4 `* I9 H& |977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
% O) s' S9 }. t. I' t e, j M978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
' O) q' ?$ H! H979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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