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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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( {( Y, U+ x" O# p  J: W5 Y在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
6 R  _( \, z0 T8 v( B3 B1 a- i" |之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。2 f" y" z5 j3 p7 t$ `  }
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
% C3 |4 n  W* g7 K0 l9 ^0 n4 _$ X
* ?4 l3 _; M2 g+ J8 ~% k(1) empty suit:
: {9 @# o7 C" O$ W% [+ ?指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。! U- G( s" M1 n- a" s
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& R# @% Q4 ]" r+ A# F, y$ I5 H* |+ ~
例如:. r/ C: P: x) E' r6 X1 W
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
( x# @2 D  p0 e9 {# c4 I, i* u(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。), W1 T+ r' I0 d, I! K5 l
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
) u1 a  a+ H) w4 H/ F2 A(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)9 l7 B8 @, y' ^$ e+ t! [/ I1 {1 x
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
. R% k3 J9 d* L& tThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
) U$ T1 u$ j/ V(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
. T$ X8 k  N/ R- [* A" T( B(2) fair-haired boy:  k+ a5 ~  J1 y/ `! W3 }/ s/ {
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)# M$ V( I1 d6 f! S8 i. ?$ h
(通常用单数,当名词用)# B  y1 ~$ d& h8 J( F
例如:( U- H6 V2 j' X: L! d8 M
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
) J! I! I' {5 s7 y3 _7 V; u) r( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)2 e) G9 ?7 q  p  U. [' f+ Z3 x- C
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.4 L# C8 g8 M4 d1 k7 q: n
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
. W; H8 f; L1 Y) }" q- D' ^有时也可用复数:
$ H) Q: K0 m2 `. E  b9 o9 Y5 F3 AMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
2 F: b+ i: g0 p' x(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
6 }* p% i3 e6 R4 v! vFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
: O9 _; @6 i; [9 h7 ?  t' |! {(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)% ?& R; i' T2 `% Z3 S
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- Z$ y1 N3 N( n8 y(3) fishing expedition:
4 r3 B; D+ G; g0 F) i+ I" E# z+ n为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
* E( {. m3 c% g  h* h$ a) P# R(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
0 d6 Q) L% {8 P+ ^2 Q, ~例如:$ M' G7 C2 F/ y* c& ~+ V  R2 L$ B
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
6 B$ {) l8 x/ N8 r8 i; C$ l, ^/ I: ?(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
- }4 S5 ?3 r1 n* [/ OThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case." D' J3 ~# M6 L! Z0 r: y7 |" B9 }* \9 M
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
" R. C( c8 A1 I- |! G7 r* G(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
1 K3 t3 k( ]5 }- y) r! OThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.) |& |' B* G6 i7 b& r$ h
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
7 K: ^% |2 T- X8 a偶尔也有人用复数:
/ D+ B; P- s7 c, ~" B1 @& ESeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 y/ I3 i6 D1 `  P" d  V(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
+ r: `9 U7 v. @3 h4 ?(4) filthy rich:
! ?0 y) ~, Q: U$ `6 N; K  B意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)1 e& d3 Q6 @; X- I6 V: n
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
1 v: |0 i! R8 j6 v多半当形容词用。例如:
+ a; U. w6 {( A; }( I& oWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
9 u0 |# X+ ~9 z4 x+ T  Y" f" H: L( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
/ ?, K# S( t+ o! \Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.9 o$ ~+ q* G0 j1 I0 H" G! X3 I
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)% B( Z  B, W- ?$ l6 {/ ~) G
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
' `% c8 m4 A  [5 _( h, s(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
( P  }$ \2 r2 N4 e6 z' zFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.2 j0 E3 M# ?( p# R& b3 r9 j
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)) G+ p& \! ]4 c5 u: w
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法), c4 N& L# m* O9 K+ A* {
(5) fairy godmother:' N& @/ D7 S, S. a0 P- c7 G; K
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)3 m# l5 h6 ^" i% c5 E  M$ Y4 j+ y
(多半指有钱的女人)
; w- U# E  A* V4 F+ U6 ~( B8 |& l(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
$ X  H# x' O# t0 C) C  Z6 @; T2 |Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.; ^; ]/ W. B( h' K
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
* f% l) {6 r) w) sAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
. s6 ]  L: o. j* j4 v8 a(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
, @( r1 U2 l8 I' d. s有时也用复数:
5 O" d1 E) M' oOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
; }, ~3 W1 v, a1 k* X; v(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 Z3 A" l$ B# ~: V8 L3 V8 D
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.1 w$ ^( z1 f5 Q; ~4 `
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)% o+ t6 d6 V! P4 k) J2 r
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* s8 t( y7 q1 v! r6)eye opener:+ W$ g: ^" p5 Q: Z7 X9 ]
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)$ {/ k) _  E% E
(当名词用;通常只用单数)( x+ q! O8 H+ y( L. ?2 M
例如:
0 N$ p' y4 Z. R( Z( [8 T0 h: k9 K, w4 EYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.5 i$ X- S! a% D! O( K/ d& n
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)" c' \8 V; ]: u) Y
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
5 G. a3 a5 w8 I/ R5 J" ^0 N' t+ C(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)0 k: {% Z; z) U3 V
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
/ y; G3 z9 N4 U- c7 h" j(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)5 z" [  L: U2 \+ |
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
6 R" I/ ^/ J$ a$ N: i3 [" U(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
1 Q  i$ V$ t% \/ e. A' Z2 J3 @7 j(7) hot dog:
" f6 r2 X' c; q8 \  f* w: }指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)2 }- D, a8 K) H) K1 Q7 R! k+ l
例如:% e" i" v  g/ v3 _9 f( Y# G
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
- J3 o, L) r! }3 Q% A(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)! k) i  e: h; j/ r5 m4 \
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ |& l6 D3 {7 o/ @& HIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.0 \9 g% q- Q2 [, w& q
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)* U" U3 x& S. j5 o4 x7 W
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
! A7 [( Z8 ~) v* g3 M. aDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
! K; M1 C# @5 c* I(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)/ R% ^/ q/ ?$ r0 b. j2 R4 T
也指真正的热狗食物:$ S  o# X+ g3 r9 p) m
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.) a. y4 T4 b7 d7 {
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
. {# k- _' x( V" m6 j也可表达欣赏的心情:2 W6 C1 ~. E! G0 F% l
Hot dog ! What great news for me." p/ ]( q. Y+ F
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
7 m% a# ?& _' g/ \0 v4 ^(8)eager beaver:
0 z0 p2 W( p( Q$ h; r5 g4 \指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
8 Y  {( R# d! v(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
) h1 X" D2 \! s(当名词用,可指男女)4 ~0 R! D! d& P6 P9 f
例如:6 r, W0 o8 ?  w2 R1 Q; n- j" |' A
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
4 y7 [" j3 [$ `/ K& P(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)- _  M% J! h' H1 Y. g- p
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.* ?7 d/ i- w' v$ x( P7 g
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
7 F8 Y6 @0 Q) LDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?5 y6 o( j8 S. n* j* e9 z
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)' t/ p3 b! m4 K  e" {+ B
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
$ l' [& p. z+ |1 s(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)5 V( @( u1 x! ?& }8 C2 H) d8 ^
(9)doubting Thomas:
, a8 t/ p) K1 S' S$ \  f) w这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)4 P. Z+ _& f5 e; k0 s
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
5 `8 _* K( H  k& W(当名词用)% }: |% a; ~' t# ~/ T2 p: K
例如:
! Y2 `( b* [" Z  b$ J: wI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
* J8 E; q6 y" b; O(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
) Q7 @. M, B% X5 cThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.) P: A6 ^9 G4 ~, ]
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
$ Y" M/ N1 ~8 U# v也可用复数:
$ i/ ~+ L: k1 {- D/ x2 S  \, iMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.5 E* `7 |! U3 {/ ~. G% A( b
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
* P. F# @, P+ i% j  oIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
) @+ @9 k+ f; S- k' L(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。). Z6 E# `9 B+ r! `0 W" @* P
(10)dragon lady:
( `9 {  b8 n: n. M. k. {% O指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)8 f$ J% \: v. N& p2 |1 _
例如:  i( u2 Q  S9 q& ^' p! s/ w7 p
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
, _! _! H( D8 V, J# ]( p5 K(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)' U( Z( W( L1 {! C, |5 N
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
7 ?. i, y, L, l5 ^(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
; u1 p- `3 P, [, L' ^) bShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?1 M- P8 y! G3 O4 X( K0 W, J
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
" u% T2 C6 k3 K% N; P' B$ }6 W3 o% @也可用复数:
3 _5 @( B3 w! o! HThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; D# \  R: y2 M0 d(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)6 r. \& u. x2 {, w4 [0 R4 n
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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