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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语. p0 k5 r4 v0 z3 ~
: {5 x, b' D9 h; I3 c

3 [. [$ P' b: |在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
( `- J" Z+ Y% ]之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。/ a- d0 w' h/ |/ o
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!0 l& u- ^5 G; R/ y; s
% Y, {: C4 W3 Y/ s/ q# H
(1) empty suit:
# z6 n6 b& n* _) j, u; R; |指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。7 z, J! b9 m) I
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)+ e) w( S/ ?' G9 n* [3 I
例如:
  X; w0 `- ^! U& D/ K) r9 yAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
+ J/ Z  x* I$ x/ s7 |* C: O(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
5 {7 f" l0 z" t; D& t+ DMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
3 l+ A' v, Q' D0 C* C2 ^7 h(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
& m1 `  W# z9 H6 t$ \1 F虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
. Q9 w6 T. N, UThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
7 e4 \  @! F. ~7 |: n(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)) h) f- E; m8 \  s1 w  E& M
(2) fair-haired boy:
  c9 ]+ c- f2 n# [9 i5 O指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)5 E" Q/ ]. y; d/ w8 E
(通常用单数,当名词用)
6 x: c2 @1 m. J2 U) }例如:
4 }( ^% B! c9 E$ B9 hMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
/ X4 Y1 y" H, |% Y; O( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)4 }6 k' t8 M+ q3 _7 K8 R; A8 s
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.# O2 P9 W6 H6 N- [" d& X$ }
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)  Z; C! C8 y1 ]+ l
有时也可用复数:; \+ B' ]* {) e$ r" F. b+ L9 T0 @
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
% X$ t; m2 I  c4 E. K5 g9 _(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
4 X  h* I# H4 y- Y! J, cFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.3 e( f. |8 j. b. e0 X/ X
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
& L  v" Q0 r' }( m(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)/ V; J) n; l# A. a8 l4 A* x& X# N
(3) fishing expedition:
; _, }/ v2 G; C5 g: x为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
* v6 R; v! v6 z* X(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)7 _5 ~- c5 }0 y
例如:( R9 B8 B9 L+ ~* n* Q
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.' {: B6 D/ e/ c$ Q( X  n
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)7 s/ P: p& g! ]( a# d+ Z& p5 ]/ D
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.  q$ T1 C  ~8 F& `
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
8 w) h5 r0 L# l# v3 x  m/ {(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ c! K' }5 N% D5 L/ j6 n
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.6 S; n6 ^: F2 w1 Y6 l3 F6 R
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
+ n" U) V! O! T2 d偶尔也有人用复数:+ N5 a1 P1 c8 V$ T
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# M$ a) F+ L$ ^, v5 ~# Y+ S1 }
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
0 Q7 Z2 {+ X# `: |/ k5 Z(4) filthy rich:
" m$ y. ?- Q; B: l* M- s意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
! I( a  [. d) q  s: K& w(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
- |* b: x. h# n/ c) i多半当形容词用。例如:! h# U4 m2 X1 l8 n8 z
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.' l5 m- r2 }+ N
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)  |) x. ^5 `* e& L, ^
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.% W$ z- b$ G& j7 _
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
4 s7 g3 }8 w0 i* pA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others." k4 j3 u+ ~4 }6 {7 X' T
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)1 m1 ^9 L9 x2 e
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
! @. S% T" Z( X2 v4 V(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)- M/ I' h" |0 m; k, y
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)) M. k0 V6 G  x4 H
(5) fairy godmother:! Y& A5 _8 J) q, c
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
. r4 _" R3 P) V% Z# a, |0 P(多半指有钱的女人)/ w! P" Y- }" F  ?
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:) u3 u+ n5 L3 D6 F$ O6 a- v
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
0 I7 E/ I3 E7 s6 \1 A1 R6 M(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
/ u+ W) V0 l- X9 x# z& ]After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.% k2 ]1 r6 O+ D1 Y9 N' A, h
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)2 \4 u0 f9 w, O) |% G
有时也用复数:1 P, _9 |! i% ~6 b
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
* {7 W% J$ C, [8 e9 i% c' a9 f(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)+ Q) \6 ]& V: f; ~8 h8 D
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.& ?$ n/ W; \* Y% u8 \) W% ~, X& z
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)1 b$ `8 I  t9 F& _

% ?. t4 ?2 J9 C, m0 Q
% d6 Z$ q( `( k8 q% e+ g- m6)eye opener:
* j. R- \/ A7 s. p: Z, S* E0 F指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)  {! O* o, y2 U: O2 _8 j4 k7 {
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
& ]& \. ^! c) _) s5 x例如:
2 j0 E, K$ |4 tYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.; S, ?3 X4 H3 S) E
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
* C1 I; e  A6 X" {: }9 m: Z* K7 p. dMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener." F  S* u5 n5 U2 v
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
* E8 U1 @/ n  E0 ?% eThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
7 s# }/ R5 B+ G; G: I; A2 I# t(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)- j; c& i: }* c+ [1 ?& B
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
# J( M* s6 r- u(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
) W/ v: S3 H7 Q, s) W(7) hot dog:
3 B" O0 A6 o" R6 t- l/ o指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
: D' x2 |! O) P例如:
0 G" v2 F7 b, TSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.8 Q3 U. q% v2 w4 [& J# U8 U
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
1 X+ D& _; H9 u: Y" I; i6 D3 r(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
( x) L6 P( Z1 }/ S1 EIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
, N$ x& b( \: i# |(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)8 |+ t7 Y8 ~# u( g. a4 H- x' z- b% T+ V
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)9 N( t0 w9 C0 M# w6 w$ I: V
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
# t3 ~/ J7 M/ N. ~0 B(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。): c  V2 M5 l/ Q4 R" n9 ?0 ^( @# @3 u
也指真正的热狗食物:! b) a$ r- O8 u/ P! f/ t5 i0 Z. N- [* j
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.& Z* c, K6 P, s" G
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
  F- y3 {3 W8 @0 p也可表达欣赏的心情:0 f5 T, ]) p& c$ v( M6 ]' H& C
Hot dog ! What great news for me.7 N# G: j3 W" V) n  i+ t! o. }" O8 f
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)+ T. L- S3 I# O5 H' I/ a+ e0 {2 l- f
(8)eager beaver:  d4 D, o4 d. @8 T! ], Z3 y
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! D/ ~& {9 W) \(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)& \! h- s2 g$ W
(当名词用,可指男女)4 V- J. G4 D7 T* _8 H, _* w
例如:; t+ D% }: q/ i, A
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
0 L* ^! s" |! W  n- v# N! @3 o(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
; @5 S" {: N! P% I6 b# LBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
% |* G1 `$ s- u, K(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
0 P+ T1 u  Z% K( a& K. D8 ZDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
8 r- \$ A) X5 V2 J8 d(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)3 b! [  n3 g6 n- R- [: b
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.6 c; ?! k: a/ S1 {/ K4 E
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
- x. _% X/ K; r' a3 v5 \7 `(9)doubting Thomas:
5 c9 u! @3 {  C这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)! G$ x2 K2 C, Z& c) D! X9 j
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)$ k, B# }0 k. h' T2 m( @# N
(当名词用)4 U' j/ G1 f/ ~% _! x
例如:8 `* [; c$ ]. N! l. j0 X+ G
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
8 \( N1 @  ?- H(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)1 m/ ^6 A& W3 l& D, r
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
0 @. L5 Q  i* y(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)% Z& I2 V- ~, e# A
也可用复数:5 F: z' R) G, w4 S; N. J
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
% h4 m' D2 o* }( z- E* D3 C. Q(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
/ ?2 N# Q& O) ^If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
" E% T! V( ^" ^! q(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
  a0 \, X5 Y4 h: g4 ~# f(10)dragon lady:" L* R; u- t6 p  [
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
+ S6 B2 J/ w3 V$ y例如:
& d" n$ V" l. o$ V5 p* [The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady., o2 V' {3 O! K$ c
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)+ I! k. |! N( |" I  o+ B
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
9 I! o2 {* K1 I  g6 c7 b$ x6 S6 Z(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)! d% X0 f. [1 ]6 B. A% R9 d: R
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
. @. k8 z& ^. v) L2 S: D8 W(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)1 K$ e& {; D  ]: B
也可用复数:* \: Z; G: g0 O( Q% E! p+ `
There may be many dragon ladies in our community." t  K" ]' y& R- l: y4 s8 r' d
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
8 e  K8 l) r8 |$ a9 C; L# F$ Q注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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