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谈英语俚语
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% D! `: m" A3 X* ]9 ^在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
% F: M1 ~, l7 R6 L之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
& ?4 }' H2 T3 n: f0 V若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:& @8 L9 n+ b! u' K, g. \& i% p
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。% \" C$ ^0 }( ?6 T m6 e
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)9 ^" d, v/ Q* `. l$ `) ~) G! B2 b7 l
例如:
" u+ L; h8 K5 x3 V0 ?$ q- K9 f# y0 qAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.% b9 \ H% y- |
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)2 y4 r( o: b: W$ ^' I
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.) v9 c3 p% a- _ R
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。): z: @+ v' N* V8 A, R
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
/ i0 A& x/ U) J# CThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.6 b9 h7 |/ S$ ^9 z4 Q9 {
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
, ?0 Y, i+ y7 z; H) U(2) fair-haired boy:# ?& o8 \. E% j
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man) T% Q) D8 H8 |: |2 n
(通常用单数,当名词用)
' |8 T& H; l* Y0 `6 G+ T7 n例如:
[" w* C8 [; f% F0 m JMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.3 x* b* o, D4 ?, G5 x( k( r" d6 V
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
7 I/ f [, [9 HNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
9 L8 P: M3 X: k0 T6 m4 V1 u(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
3 B: W2 g1 Y7 h9 j有时也可用复数:
$ N& E3 i* u7 G! kMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.6 O& E2 j }( v4 M# m9 Z% l# G
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)* C# J E* C4 c/ u9 r
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
6 }7 T. E& u6 G i3 e6 h% r(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)0 F: _0 A' n0 a% E; I) h
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
6 M# k2 ~$ y5 x: m. t' D(3) fishing expedition:
8 ^, g$ [3 y0 H$ r: W* R: H为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
5 G9 r; Z8 r# l- r. m$ W(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
! @$ F2 [4 G3 C4 ]. J例如:
% \! `* p% y, b [( ]5 x4 F9 W( `The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him., y+ A% L" Y( A9 B6 O# g, L" j
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
; U8 D+ H3 a& d8 o/ i Z ~# }. {The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.9 T2 J7 a$ h6 B. `$ L# Z" @
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
- S+ M' N* G9 L. T' y(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)# b4 T* ?6 S3 w8 m4 Z) B
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.: s* E1 ]* @9 F5 k0 J1 _
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
* p6 }1 I. u0 U* ^' [偶尔也有人用复数:
% G P$ l- l |Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office., k" E5 l8 ^( K
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)& c/ y4 [! w' ?: {# q- e9 k
(4) filthy rich:! H/ v. j% A9 L+ P0 S* p
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)1 f; V. f1 W/ u5 E& t# [
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱); d6 _0 u" O" R8 h3 ~4 i: f
多半当形容词用。例如:
- \2 n" G, ~- X/ D; ]+ q0 ^With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.- C/ Q6 g7 i% w( k
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)- z$ f1 O0 a3 `+ e' D W
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
0 w M! Q% g2 u( E- o( C+ S(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
5 Q. n( `% H- Q/ q& ~A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.0 h% ]/ S" u+ O0 b" V6 [% r4 Y
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: g1 G5 l% z7 E5 t; i/ o0 QFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
8 P2 A, s8 V# |6 q1 B2 Z(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)! W3 c9 Y( c+ N/ A: N) }
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
- f$ b) y+ l; F3 f* \$ n(5) fairy godmother:
/ e# k7 y$ S- X' v# s7 u: n指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
' _* t o' C w7 A4 C5 O' a, m) l(多半指有钱的女人)
; h0 z% `9 {. k! C: d, j; D1 Y(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
6 o+ T* v; E+ k; WMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.7 Z( E9 G& k: T) g' u; J6 _
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。); \# R M8 X1 a
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.2 B8 J8 X/ Y1 L( {; G2 S
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。); E) l- I/ o3 D/ t, I- |/ O9 Z
有时也用复数:
. D/ B, G1 m: Z7 S$ r) G5 E' BOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.5 V9 A' G+ q0 a9 h" r
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
5 p. A! r. _) K$ G# [% mIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.; U5 ^. ?- b( \* N) U
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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- M! F" e7 K9 q0 j6)eye opener:
5 ~% g2 I9 V9 y2 i指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
% ^9 g) q1 }( ?) e/ k7 {( c(当名词用;通常只用单数)5 w k' V% {+ n0 _& s* Y" M
例如:
. R3 g8 Q }4 {& yYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.0 X/ s9 ^7 ^) A) F
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
; ~$ G. l7 b7 i) vMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.3 A+ c$ e$ b% M! i# C, ^- P
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
7 G9 E0 k Z- S6 K) q# O1 mThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
% e+ ~0 l/ y* r) S(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
8 \, D9 h) g( K2 ^$ hSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
0 L4 v9 g: b& q(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)) t! S6 b' W2 c, k
(7) hot dog:6 j1 [- }' N/ ^5 |6 G
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)2 V; a5 U5 ?9 R. s6 \8 `
例如:6 m! `; j6 X* @' o: @9 i) B
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
7 g' u" ?, K2 z( N4 p& ?(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)& Y! t6 f/ {" V
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
$ H p) O5 E" h: ]! a* IIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
8 S: u6 |0 O8 v3 s(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
" ^5 N8 n {" b0 X; _" ~(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)) \3 Z, v, |- R B' S, _
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.) D% x4 W# R9 G
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)2 F- S. V) ^( l1 p3 A
也指真正的热狗食物:- B% V' D3 i& f1 P9 x( T7 @
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.' h$ n C* w. B5 h% U4 |# o
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。); I2 K: `8 z8 d
也可表达欣赏的心情:
( e! ?8 J$ D" W8 ], X& bHot dog ! What great news for me.- R$ H o, x4 r" }1 P
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
* [3 p H# \: E3 w6 ]5 Q(8)eager beaver:" E1 V p! J8 L. G/ W$ K2 J
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
+ ]0 A+ k8 m$ P(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 m) D( B3 @( G& \(当名词用,可指男女)
. G8 ]) S: W; }- Y3 ^例如:4 R- Z' S6 y* `/ Q6 U q) l* f
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
& |/ q+ Q0 e; h4 x3 J0 t3 |(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)" F3 d9 ]; x! N
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
9 d2 m9 \% X+ v B& e( E0 c+ o(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)9 @0 m! W% A! {8 z, B m
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?, U& l- Q. {/ {$ k2 i) i
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
% w4 Z* m% { \ F5 @You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.8 Y) M: y6 y: i. f3 x' [! }
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。), Z- \: T7 c( S6 S+ R; \0 b
(9)doubting Thomas:
$ Y) I4 n4 C% G: J这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
& B. b* E+ a& L+ r3 n3 y(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)( h3 A' n7 B/ ^' l7 w& J0 `
(当名词用)
2 t) \ w) B( k. A2 r例如:. L' Z* U, Y1 C
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.; _& N7 c) U: C5 Y- ?
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
1 i: d( G0 Q: U; r. ^- lThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
9 h5 |# Q' @6 a& T7 N* m0 r2 z& h+ T(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
/ p; m+ i4 N7 `/ m9 `. z+ F也可用复数:4 x; ]; L3 R: v3 }( g
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
* s9 h! a8 J/ v5 F0 r(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
; x2 ]& l+ ~+ Z+ ^$ E, iIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.- B8 n( e, p. d6 O! B8 U3 X" H
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)1 T2 R/ k) b* q+ u/ J
(10)dragon lady:$ j( T' U% k' U5 n9 `+ d$ `+ {
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)+ i- Q% V$ i& |, W! N
例如:
v6 _' y a3 F" Q0 wThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
: I9 y! E) W, G# N* [(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
6 c9 N( F4 L3 b( e' qI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.. ]- P+ J% @! @* D
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)5 _; ~5 M6 n- _: Z
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?8 u* u6 A3 W4 ?4 s; [* u
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)" D6 T2 u6 o# j; r- J
也可用复数:
1 r6 i# l0 S3 E" mThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
* J/ a& K; o1 m6 T9 T/ B3 P(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)0 m( A5 T+ ^. k. @. a/ e- s" W
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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