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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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9 q9 D8 G$ y. M# H2 r6 _在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
% v0 O) J) D8 x3 g+ }之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
# E6 @% g) A( y! x若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!4 \/ z: k0 K) T+ v5 x

7 B# l) ?1 f, L(1) empty suit:8 o' C' v  y, A1 `! ^. @
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。/ `$ C; M  T3 ?7 {
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
8 D8 H1 [- S" N8 C; B% i例如:
& @" e7 @' F* n4 vAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.6 k% P1 i7 Q% r
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
% }7 s3 U7 N( }% ~$ L. M5 M" ~Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.7 x8 P/ p1 d$ l0 L+ E; @
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)5 I- }, Z! t6 h( E
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:* g5 D# X5 l3 s/ z0 I  N# x
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.$ Q0 ]( n4 u1 ?  S- A9 _. b
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
; d1 E/ V6 t& }' g$ K' F1 N(2) fair-haired boy:
( V: [) d* v) \指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)1 B: J7 A; \4 S
(通常用单数,当名词用)$ ~7 m& q6 Q7 O% k  C
例如:
6 R6 A) _. X4 C3 \! BMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.9 k8 F2 C- m0 q8 W
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
" V4 ?1 ?" Q3 J$ u7 T1 n6 _& O' WNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
' s9 c3 c; Z$ Z8 j7 F(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)* U3 ~4 [, m5 \" v" P. s
有时也可用复数:
/ X8 `# ]* m8 ]* pMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.$ v* q6 V+ K9 z0 a) l0 n
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)  B0 `$ _8 a* c& s! R
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses./ s; p0 }  S, [: p2 S7 T
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)0 v) X* {- E; [6 D  r  r; F- @
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
+ ^8 @* t0 q7 N6 }' _. f(3) fishing expedition:
$ V! O) N6 z0 U+ N为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)& w4 l1 Z7 ^. Q" D6 i
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
( L" x" H* G( z* ^2 N  M例如:
8 r% O2 C1 z% @& H/ gThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
) s9 Y5 b9 H0 A. o(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)- E- L9 V, O5 j
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
, o9 q7 @0 p/ L0 L* G(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
5 Q2 E- A! M( T) B5 k8 N(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
9 ?4 X4 R! o8 }$ C3 C' OThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; }0 ~4 N9 R6 d; o% _(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)* c  ?6 e2 X2 N% n2 I* |. E  [
偶尔也有人用复数:
+ |, p: ]# c1 }" x, ZSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.. e5 }3 u% t. I! X
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。). F' |5 m: `4 k: Q9 J+ d# m
(4) filthy rich:
! _8 k* q$ f( j7 H意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)) r% S3 m/ `; U" j7 g- ]
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
8 ]- i: j5 y% A+ s1 d多半当形容词用。例如:$ S, w2 o, I/ \/ f3 v, ?
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.$ W4 S) i% }7 N6 I
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)% e2 @% w) K1 S  b) p; U/ M. z
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
. F6 V7 [8 z5 X; c, P1 e: ]9 x& j(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。). c- W& o4 D7 C/ T  H
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
& H8 v4 s( A  F! K' k(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
$ A( X: z" b- M# e& X# y! EFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.4 T/ l* y& L& H$ E6 U
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
: l! |. o* D+ E1 g8 B(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
6 A+ G  H! Z: D3 G9 l6 }* I" ?$ {(5) fairy godmother:
; y( \/ j: w; r2 o2 @" H- F9 _, v指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance), }+ Y0 `* c! g* @
(多半指有钱的女人)
' q- V! e. N. X# X' c/ ^& z9 W- G(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:7 d  T( ~) C! O4 ^
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.9 H8 B0 n' I% s+ X. K* f5 D
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)) `1 u3 I" s! k9 O' H8 G; J
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.1 V! y3 t3 Y& R8 s
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
* R' l* Z7 r% c6 T5 A3 Y! l' @: ?有时也用复数:; K! Q  I: T, `+ Q& v
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
+ g! Z; _2 h( g0 s% \8 K(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。): {$ a/ B7 ?" n  ?
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
4 D. [) x* `* F" Z& V/ J8 z(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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. p% ]/ s1 U2 }5 I2 v' d6)eye opener:
, n: {' J3 [- S! ?5 i" h指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
/ T. E& h- ]8 U# J) r5 ](当名词用;通常只用单数)  p7 [+ t0 r8 ~  w* x6 f% u
例如:
+ Q' g( D/ s/ @( C! t  @$ ^# |3 RYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.( d! N, C  s' N9 D5 Q
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)! {1 n( s- K  i6 C5 I! `4 `' V
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
( L5 H) {8 W2 {  ^. j' q/ g(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' I9 d# ~' x3 p' \The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
! g  _. O, m. L1 }+ G' @3 B( w(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
3 h# n4 ~: F4 G! M' D; g0 hSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.( j( q, c7 F/ ]# j
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)6 i( X+ r* A( k
(7) hot dog:
+ B% |6 j0 H* k* m指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
$ \* t/ C/ v" g7 C例如:+ E& |& H7 n" m
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
  Q# i( J# C. i5 [( W# _  o1 ^5 X(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
" V8 j, g$ [# ?(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
. g, \( {# l4 w3 _$ ~& QIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.0 |  q# M2 e1 a9 l, t, ~1 s
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)5 R8 G  I8 _9 s  B! {0 S
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging): V9 T! a: S' {, p2 n" k' @) P7 D% F
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.! M9 m% O) |; C' ^
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
; K  p6 r9 Q: u$ X也指真正的热狗食物:
3 f; Z2 P+ g, tThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
3 U/ k) W; T. J- Y(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
2 E. v9 F, y/ l2 r也可表达欣赏的心情:
3 W+ j0 E  L" f6 e! \Hot dog ! What great news for me.
5 q) Q6 W$ c9 o; W' k4 ~# ^(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
+ C) {( a1 j3 S. D(8)eager beaver:  g$ v! X; F: K0 f# [" F
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
9 I$ p& Y* @( H; {1 ](这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)' ~4 u" _/ w6 E8 e
(当名词用,可指男女)
1 @- \6 S2 y9 Z4 m5 [/ J9 s/ K: t例如:
- Y/ `0 i4 T: D  y- D) S# oJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.& L$ e, D8 F* B0 `/ n. b2 s
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
& p: V; C* d; M( M4 X- q# n/ [Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
7 h) P- H  L8 |0 u0 A(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)2 z$ F1 L; {( `. E  f  d* e3 j
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
/ H- Z) n+ R4 K" Y" n(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?), s/ Q+ a+ x: ^3 l
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
) d& u. g1 E: `(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
: u, g/ G" r* \+ d  u# s7 m4 q/ e(9)doubting Thomas:
1 M" \# K- \& W9 x这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)$ y; y9 h' o4 w# E
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
  D/ |7 Q+ q! r# x6 @0 _0 X3 f(当名词用)/ z7 u1 ~4 [$ m1 E
例如:
9 F/ I$ @9 y8 [$ O# yI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.$ o$ @, u% {8 V* _0 n
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)/ {) j) L) @$ `- d2 u1 X) ]9 t! A
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
; i4 ~7 Z6 j# O% e/ D; v1 W(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
# S+ m$ a0 j/ k( E4 |2 p3 L* e4 {' E也可用复数:
* z* C; k7 ~: n- {My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 O( [6 ]+ R8 {' a8 r
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)6 X0 A* F9 v6 I2 x
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another./ L6 [# u$ z$ D
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)( }! ^7 \. w8 m
(10)dragon lady:* |+ s$ Z1 h. z0 {% P
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)" m. v5 B' U6 J( M
例如:
; m3 U, s& u- L3 H- fThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.) W% H& |  q/ M7 q! [) H
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)9 c3 p( F0 F+ s+ I& d
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady., L) J; |/ c( j5 m$ l
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)1 v/ u! N' |; T+ [8 v
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?: v0 i! b1 H6 n. o2 L& {
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)# X" Y% E* t+ t6 n
也可用复数:
& ]( s4 a# I) A8 X# MThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
" \. o$ P8 b" X% o- t(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
% O1 s$ C, w+ L6 i( C) W" ?注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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