 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value
/ s! X p3 O: A# \Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.! I# h5 z( a. b2 }
5 h% D7 w" [9 L$ e; z3 l! h. A HNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
O5 q" ?7 {( s( e0 ~: y ?$ c
" _, K9 w( j6 E8 d+ E" QLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently., r P [ d3 ?6 @/ O. R0 `
4 j9 i; \/ e& a/ d$ {) u! vTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
8 C8 Q8 K% z" V# u
+ S( b" v1 z8 b( j5 e" J5 a3 s: W7 ?& q; ~. d( [- U' c2 F' P
In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
: j3 Z$ \. u* I2 Q2 a5 P" h' d$ a9 S+ o( F
San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.) Z. ~3 e8 D" q) q1 d5 z7 D
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.. n- S) T" U* j* ~% s
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.$ [5 g, \6 l; ^5 n) b) o
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
' u( j$ u, f4 c( ]- u2 H% [7 L
8 \2 ~4 N9 @3 F& m; mIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming./ A7 Q! v* {/ h7 B: Q# \( z) @" ^6 h
1 @/ G9 G* ^& e( o& Z8 \If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.3 ^. h5 A3 u$ W6 U% M3 v
$ f0 y1 ]3 o) u0 e* H0 Q
Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 6 D) O7 p, O0 d \
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
& g# N+ d, f0 _& B, C7 ]Boston 20.5 30.2 0 @0 j1 G+ Y. P% l& N( N
San Diego 22.8 29.7
4 U0 r5 J2 H' f+ a% b! KSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
0 Z+ F/ n. ]5 k: X$ ?7 U ALos Angeles 21.3 25.6
. _$ ^# E) t$ ]8 h0 P/ \0 TSeattle 20.4 25 $ x+ u* Q5 C' i# _+ f8 R% H' ?
Denver 17.7 23.7 ' ~( Y6 r6 p+ h4 O
New York 21.2 22.5 ( j8 T6 o/ y9 h+ p& I- T% {1 r( W
Chicago 17.2 20.8 9 H6 `6 x' ~+ O& F7 A1 ^- Z, H
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
1 T6 T) T X: u: V3 R
& m- ~: ~5 N1 V! s4 j( Z2 z& u- x5 |; r" u3 W( z
, ^% }% ^* l$ [# d: f; F0 v: n5 TIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
3 `9 l6 A7 c! ?8 L- o3 Z5 |
0 @, |6 ]. n9 G
( v' F/ K7 D( B0 K( QFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|