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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 # @% ?2 Z8 E3 t% C& L- o, O6 j
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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, n3 v9 t5 ~1 }5 q; S- T4 `( [John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
" c1 m) d+ R6 z" J; ~9 H) L; DYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; V `6 N1 L: {6 U5 }, x P1 yFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.' P( V1 R N/ F
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* c% k6 @$ ~- c4 ]1 n3 ?. e
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. E, m0 v( [) V6 N- j8 T! P8 {8 N
+ e: r' L$ @/ R/ y# w% s! ]
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
# K* u6 {( S9 @Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
7 O3 D3 B( O1 g p) tPublished online 26 January 20184 K+ f- R9 R7 x8 } N
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Abstract- Z1 Q& h& P9 ]5 Z. g. D5 m$ B: c" s
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% Q( `5 E0 X& N; R
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The$ _) m5 i9 E2 x. h# z' ^( }
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
6 k9 n5 e; @+ u, iengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
/ ~+ [: r2 N5 i2 R8 x7 X, Uonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific$ i$ H6 s; I" V; v' s
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
3 D0 |5 E' ^1 U2 n3 L6 k6 |. h1 f+ Gto the standardization of the scientific terminology! e0 S: e( k! ?: q. t( F
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s5 A/ C: l4 O, X) ^
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,- J1 _4 ~$ O; d0 X( I0 q' M
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the% k0 A2 v+ d& W; v
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
2 o- f* @' K: B& m' o5 |# S! Yin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien3 w0 n8 y& j7 _5 t) Y) n
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
0 K! r d! b7 A2 kof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. O& S& ~& q( I& k- Q( c7 V g! x
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 R3 |7 l! e( J8 `: b
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
9 s0 G9 U( ~* U, j Y: F, L4 z2 Rthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
; C$ X7 @) t8 R! W3 R, O9 ygreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific- r* d7 ]6 w. f8 B; @" h8 G
terminology.5 H! ~& |+ W% n F/ P: X
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 g% P: J! J* @% l+ H
Standardization of terminology translation2 }! f" b: ] R* r% x
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to* u' `6 L- M0 p% n5 M
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# g3 X6 `9 f z1 _! G6 C% w
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available- V: }1 k, C! S5 ?$ u' C
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
9 d- _# l8 t& B6 D- YDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102139 {- t9 F) r; }1 [; p. `) p
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INTRODUCTION
% Y8 z7 ]6 v8 K" U3 m2 `* hJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. @& O2 k) I8 l! G# ?- ]8 [% qa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).5 M: `7 D0 }. a1 d. k+ [2 S
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
5 m$ r* ?$ G' A8 ZHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
. ~; a: p& k: ]( vSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed: x+ E2 ?# E1 y
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as% W7 c) q0 Z/ ?* A o8 r- c
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on; z/ h" G1 N- a& w
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
* Z8 @' v+ z) r' S& _ f: a9 |1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific" [! {2 W! @9 Y$ B% f4 h8 P& K* `( O
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
# k+ B+ X! F* G. D/ E: X" UFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
& @4 w$ s: }/ v u lNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
; b; p @ P. U8 d* E9 kto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
! ]) ] r- J2 S' d( N. kwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, j4 B3 n; p. M
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
" b+ S* E ` w: m8 ^7 ~Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' s% w1 q7 I' h' ^/ xbooks that made him the most productive one among the8 P% @. q7 H3 ~- B# d' Q
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,: | q6 Y3 x4 T' V% C7 }8 B8 I
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
, `$ ~' H$ W* ]% S" T( Hnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
/ D1 W q9 V) X, Qpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).( N) _8 I9 N2 j! l
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
: w4 r5 w2 T# ^8 y/ `also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western/ H# U( R0 F4 {. Y( N/ O! D
science and the standardization of translated scientific
/ I( R3 o, H3 [$ r+ T0 R* Hterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
: ]0 {% x& u+ o" Tmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the. ^, T4 U4 i$ k
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another" A+ L- p6 d" @3 K3 s3 n6 ^
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
5 d4 _" u# J% G9 w$ Z' Oof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in3 k% h0 Y% T5 f1 Y6 q3 {- c4 D
Modern China.
9 j6 z4 X6 R6 b3 T2 y; dAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
3 k) V. y6 P! ^1 f+ w5 [The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
; B0 [0 D, w6 S+ Ytravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
5 F4 ~% T8 F. G5 j: x* Ha lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In, x1 Z* n' l' E2 n; [3 K! R
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
; J. w7 \( `5 T1 x' O& s0 C* QTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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