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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688$ ^( l% z% q+ q/ U* w
, j& i# e+ b+ H; B: N( cJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
' I' U2 q- B: A8 `1 \YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of; _, N' b V/ V: ~/ r) q5 N9 Y. v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.5 p6 V4 F& J/ }4 F
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
4 N; F4 B* q4 o8 UFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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" s6 G9 u4 l. X, ^# ], \Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .+ Z; X$ y. C j' B3 r- B$ l
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
; U+ N+ S# i( w) A& |% w9 hPublished online 26 January 20185 s0 @+ x, v$ D( q
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Abstract' |# q% N, A1 z) p. f
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing8 _/ ]8 Z d/ Q2 d) x- h
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The! s0 m# e, _. W
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
( o% \( v! t4 L& o5 R: J) [engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
3 t4 W- s9 E5 w8 k' m8 D* o$ M3 b d/ Conly having translated a great deal of Western scientific2 h9 Y3 ^& |' C0 k' E
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly/ I$ J: a# F4 k S
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
6 ]6 s; @9 v0 g. l( C- Gtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s: u* G! W2 s! j) _* [5 Y
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,5 d7 M5 o8 p3 k( u
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
: W$ i' [* V% A) Lstandardization of the scientific terminology translation% U4 L/ t# Q8 ^3 _
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
, O2 n" v/ `; `$ Mhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
) E& e( k( q: e3 Mof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring! }& [4 ]* C. Q9 [9 ~1 i! u
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way9 O9 t) I9 ] W8 w6 ?% `- x
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and7 `, M4 z& L% h9 `% j
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% a" F# a! ~3 B! \ Q
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
S% E9 H% {3 D% H. W; N& {$ G* Nterminology.' l' d, h* ^& x6 u; G5 b! `
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;7 o' ~/ w d& H, \5 y! D/ p* K
Standardization of terminology translation: M3 l8 W9 z9 P0 C# m
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
& z+ F8 B0 I( t' D6 z* w m1 hStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern7 J' |9 i" q/ Y6 j0 b2 M
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
$ {, U( h- A$ B0 }6 y% N# W$ m, Ofrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213 |4 p. H8 U+ B
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( h: P. ]9 k: ]1 aINTRODUCTION3 V) M5 y; L; |5 g$ f
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and. h0 ~; |- p0 T: N- z/ |
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).) W- d! Q5 d) I5 r0 _
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to% V8 P0 a# E D4 k0 V; K: V3 m. a
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 Y4 v [" J. gSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
: g( W- _, ~) ^- p) r8 Tby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as) Y- ?7 p# `2 I9 y
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
1 t1 K& t/ h: G dhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
+ @ t: w$ F4 F. b+ `1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
: p# D% O1 [; b3 o7 L7 uworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
" C5 i e' B& X0 f) z9 B. NFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction." w0 I% f. N: z. Y
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated) r0 y2 I9 t& q7 @2 h! G; ~
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant8 G" M& q7 [- }* |3 G2 F T$ P
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
! B& w1 d' T* C% [revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# j$ z! u- P" b2 u2 j, {+ _2 X1 G' P
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
; I2 e( n" ~& x! z4 a# Hbooks that made him the most productive one among the
1 C7 | u/ _ k9 F8 [3 U/ @foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
0 M" l$ V( N( ]6 K1 stranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
- O( _$ o' F! }3 G5 X; |noble work which could help accelerate the process of
3 D& b& ]: C% g: @# R' m* }$ epeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
, ^0 C+ V* W; e/ pIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer4 i2 M) l8 ^. ^
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
: `& y$ D U1 ?3 k' Xscience and the standardization of translated scientific5 v1 C* o" S2 P* {3 u
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific/ `" E' z' c4 n* q; n0 `/ n
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the, U- j9 a0 }3 N- O
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
" A6 [5 h9 R' ~: ~contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series6 d+ C7 v* f! l3 k
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
, r7 h) g/ D8 e- T2 m# m+ Q$ ~Modern China.& N6 ^$ I( j9 [7 Z2 p" i6 l# c! I
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published( s1 E8 c4 t3 Q0 u' I7 t& y$ {
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of! {( w1 e/ U5 o
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing* R, g7 Z9 l' B$ K- _; ?/ \
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
% U! |3 w9 `" N. p K2 E: qJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
: R' m3 a3 Z7 m6 L+ G' rTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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