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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 8 e' I: I* c# r2 f
$ x' M/ {; M3 Q6 ~$ o% fhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China8 S6 e1 v, P( u' _
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
6 \9 A$ [( C: T$ y& y) HFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 p' m1 P. r/ s, | S2 z0 b$ q7 Q$ ]3 s# V. l8 S3 t' w! ]
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
" F$ Q0 T" {3 nFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
9 M" k, ~8 A4 y! c: k. h- v
3 {9 f* M7 e. e' ?. ]Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .) u f" z4 m J9 W& U& W! W
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018( ~$ l# ^$ J$ z; c$ m) T6 i- L
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
. t; U9 N) i+ @# Y* VJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing9 W# k; W, W/ i1 q1 H2 Q/ `
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The8 i: |) w e/ `8 ]' ^' X
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
' K% f% V3 h: ?; `1 Y5 _engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
* d# j! y( H! i T6 ^! U0 lonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
u3 B+ ^) G3 O0 U$ Uworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
1 T8 F6 S& k k, @8 ~to the standardization of the scientific terminology
! W8 ?' z/ B/ c* `7 S( q7 ctranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
* z: i+ j6 k7 j" z. O+ O/ Qscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
T* p9 j# f: E. h1 H. k# m0 kand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
( N; Y) m& }1 F( mstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
' _- L, |9 w8 E% j" Zin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien/ Y1 }# H' `1 G' b& N. H
he established had helped greatly with the popularization" c! |6 ] Q& z# ]7 E
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
6 X1 S4 U3 T1 B: Athe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way/ E8 h2 h( z0 T
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and4 T8 Z6 Q- {& J( y
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
4 X3 e% P- B1 ggreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
' p$ A8 ?; a; J3 y& ^4 E; @- Pterminology.
^ P! i8 D$ `7 k) dKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
( Q9 _! G0 Z' A: ?2 ]Standardization of terminology translation
; Y/ Z. i) E) u# Z+ _+ e. J6 PYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to; `& `1 Y& U3 Q& L" N
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern5 B# u+ ]; V* e% v# n2 E2 S
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available: y o! ?- m' ^+ l( T
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102137 H/ K7 S4 a# q: a, |5 l; p ^
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 u/ T/ n$ d. @* U
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INTRODUCTION0 R% i) u. |) ]+ E
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
+ B2 A6 n7 n" T2 d6 V6 @' h# Qa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
+ |1 o, Q9 n8 y" r9 TDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
1 b% k3 T' {$ u2 x& O; dHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of# {9 x' J, y5 D3 \, H( T
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
9 S& ~: U9 Q7 Q7 Dby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
0 u, i2 E& k9 y( _' Y7 ban editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on* e$ j4 @0 h- J8 O5 \( g
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-9 k" Y7 I2 M- Q/ ] |. s0 k
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific( G/ e# w! U! N8 V9 _+ F
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
" @3 L+ k0 Y% N. H) k- @Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
7 @' c- M: D% }7 } M( C( S9 U: W( HNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
5 Z* L9 d9 L( O6 l" \6 Bto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
: l. m* n' H& l- `$ `. N2 Twould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
4 w( N& G+ @' V. [" D: Jrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ _- }( @. d' {" R- ~Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
+ V2 K% q5 d1 O9 ]! xbooks that made him the most productive one among the) v E" H$ T+ v
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,4 t1 Y: I& q( {1 o5 F7 I
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a. k. W+ t t Z6 x) M
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
) v- d: ~' y( b5 t ? o; c d8 Epeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
" m( ]8 R7 v- h6 X: M6 `. X* z: e4 dIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer. g4 j0 `6 V5 T2 _: R4 ]4 p3 |8 h* E+ n
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
& s, W5 ]) w$ X1 S. e& Fscience and the standardization of translated scientific
4 o0 {( \/ t W- Z2 D3 \& _terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific. d1 y( Z/ }% }6 [0 a" e" D
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the( Q$ G- X b1 \
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another, L) R& o3 r/ F6 [" ^5 Z
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series4 W$ i4 @- n- Q$ h- n
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
~: o1 U4 [8 m. b5 d/ \Modern China.5 {% v0 F) R* P$ z; a0 t; B7 A
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
6 H7 B/ x0 ?( J- i- }5 h- qThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of; s7 p; K& i+ E ], }
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
m+ I% M. a+ ~; x5 la lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In3 Q; a' x# z' O/ n
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and9 v1 R4 x+ ?( \" h5 x
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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