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The Fiscal Year 2020 U.S. budget deficit is expected to be $1.1 trillion. ; T8 p* P, l6 a& e3 D: G4 j
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2020财年美国预算赤字预计为1.1万亿美元
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1 j" |( s2 M1 E8 i% p4 n) UThe first column represents the fiscal year, followed by the deficit that year in billions. Next is the debt increase by fiscal year, followed by the deficit/GDP. Finally, the events affecting the deficit are cited.& t' L( n0 i# Q) n0 e4 q/ F
第一列表示会计年度，其次是该年度的赤字（十亿）。其次是财政年度的债务增加，其次是赤字/ GDP。最后，列举了影响赤字的事件
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Fiscal Year Deficit (in billions) Debt Deficit/GDP Events
5 p: f$ _+ t% K3 }/ E1929 ($1) ($1) (0.7%) Market crash
5 M+ M, t( R! O s& `% j" c6 Y1930 ($1) ($1) (0.8%) Smoot-Hawley
( u; D3 N/ w+ y8 k1931 $0 $1 0.6% Dust Bowl6 e( R3 J" \3 h9 i! V( I! W8 h
1932 $3 $3 4.5% Hoover tax hike. `* `2 K! Y' P9 S) X/ C4 k) s
1933 $3 $3 4.5% FDR New Deal
, S: _5 n1 z- l4 t. V# K: u) A- ^1934 $4 $5 5.4% GDP up 10.8%, debt also rose& H2 `( y" P0 G* ]) W( C! `( J, i
1935 $3 $2 3.8% Social Security/ N" S4 y4 L) ~& M/ U
1936 $4 $5 5.1% Tax hikes9 v6 x. x, m H0 \4 O
1937 $2 $3 2.4% Depression returned, third New Deal1 T$ }( j7 `: v3 u) d4 N
1938 $0 $1 0.1% Dust Bowl ended' o1 I/ X" c8 ], k" e4 ~6 y) I
1939 $3 $3 3.0% Depression ended, n% z2 e, M- p9 W
1940 $3 $3 2.8% Defense increased
- \4 R/ m+ ]2 z% U1941 $5 $6 3.8% Pearl Harbor
( }6 E' Y8 |$ d% T0 `( P8 O$ O1 c1942 $21 $23 12.3% Battle of Midway
+ h& ^$ `9 ]* W6 H9 R1943 $55 $64 26.9% Defense tripled* n- C$ H4 U1 {3 A8 j- ~/ e0 r
1944 $48 $64 21.2% Bretton Woods( B) ] L6 m7 h# M0 X" j
1945 $48 $58 20.0% WWII ended
( r% T, N" Y! C) c- t4 \8 E1946 $16 $11 7.0% Recession- t8 F( i5 p7 p5 S. w$ D
1947 ($4) ($11) (1.6%) Cold War
: t' s8 r. f1 i! O$ U5 g* R- J( {) n: p1948 ($12) ($6) (4.2%) Recession
5 R9 t) @9 c7 Z& Q1949 ($1) $0 (0.2%) Recession/ z& K1 m7 [1 l/ t9 j
1950 $3 $5 1.0% Korean War* Z( L3 ^- g" q
1951 ($6) ($2) (1.7%) Expansion: N+ \7 D" d: R0 Y& m0 z
1952 $2 $4 0.4% Expansion
5 M6 `' ^0 s# x5 [1953 $6 $7 1.7% Korean War ended, recession3 f, R* B: M5 f2 ^3 F8 B/ L
1954 $1 $5 0.3% Recession, Eisenhower budgets( ]+ \4 @# I+ w& ?& w: Y
1955 $3 $3 0.7% Expansion
( k# f& u( j/ Z& k. Z& I6 O/ b1956 ($4) ($2) (0.9%) Expansion2 v3 G/ r$ q7 R1 E @2 O0 ^) `
1957 ($3) ($2) (0.7%) Recession
; r, x' ?9 J1 R, }8 ]8 G1958 $3 $6 0.6% Recession ended( n2 I# |: a, G9 q( T, K
1959 $13 $8 2.4% Fed raised rates$ o9 {, S& _( t& G$ _0 \0 M, G
1960 $0 $2 (0.1%) Recession- l. N+ F' M8 h7 P4 U
1961 $3 $3 0.6% JFK & Bay of Pigs6 C5 _- z1 T7 U6 J/ j* a9 m
1962 $7 $10 1.2% Cuban Missile Crisis
: a# x. f' e- L4 ]0 ^1 ?1963 $5 $7 0.7% U.S. aids Vietnam, JFK killed
$ C( R( `6 E A1964 $6 $6 0.9% LBJ War on Poverty
; F. n% ^7 [( M6 k! S" i1965 $1 $6 0.2% Medicare, Medicaid, Vietnam War
) N; J+ l8 u# |. O4 z+ o; ^9 B1966 $4 $3 0.5% # m; W* j3 J1 c7 O I! F
1967 $9 $6 1.0% Expansion
$ E# [# G, s6 I# y: c" D ~1968 $25 $21 2.6% Moon landing+ _2 z( x4 h- n/ g0 G
1969 ($3) $6 (0.3%) Nixon took office
" o7 L( i, u) u' \ A+ ]1970 $3 $17 0.3% Recession0 X+ p0 H; I5 x" l4 B# x
1971 $23 $27 2.0% Wage-price controls+ q( }$ k9 A3 [. I% U
1972 $23 $29 1.8% Stagflation0 K; e( y# H" y4 d Q
1973 $15 $31 1.0% End of gold standard) x7 f9 F% m) z$ D) _! C
1974 $6 $17 0.4% Budget process created, Watergate
; X, p$ {5 |) G0 ~6 R1975 $53 $58 3.1% Ford budget, Vietnam War ended. r2 l* H$ c! j! W* Q1 r) Q$ t( {! t
1976 $74 $87 3.9% Stagflation
2 _* S0 Z8 e" B' V2 e' G1977 $54 $78 2.5% Stagflation
0 R" y. v7 r4 z" Z! Z' w( @9 W1978 $59 $73 2.5% Carter budget, Recession
+ j$ a% \+ C: n& e1 X1979 $41 $55 1.5% Recession0 W7 U0 r1 R( e6 ~6 E
1980 $74 $81 2.6% Volcker raised rates to 20%
! X; T6 `# i3 v: H0 ]1981 $79 $90 2.4% Reagan tax cut4 H5 l* s# J' b7 y0 Q2 K$ H9 s
1982 $128 $144 3.8% Reagan increased spending/ ~* G6 e! Z' v1 k7 L* S( S
1983 $208 $235 5.6% Jobless rate was 10.8%
1 s8 e/ u1 H/ E0 h1984 $185 $195 4.5% Increased defense spending
" o" l0 I' E/ Y" ?2 t/ Y9 k1985 $212 $256 4.8% Increased defense spending* y7 ?' a. ^! U- P- i6 q6 i
1986 $221 $297 4.8% Tax cut+ T5 y8 h. I) t* |3 j1 A
1987 $150 $225 3.1% Market crash& g" B& P' x& O) p4 j
1988 $155 $252 2.9% Fed raised rates- p9 s% `* w4 s5 j, X
1989 $153 $255 2.7% S&L Crisis, Bush 41 budget& G3 @: q7 a: M: O) v. H
1990 $221 $376 3.7% Desert Storm; T7 z' J* K% E' I- O$ I# y4 c+ \4 X
1991 $269 $432 4.3% Recession
- O5 b2 w' @5 G5 p/ `2 Y O1992 $290 $399 4.4% Expansion3 a: |) q- I0 S/ K5 Y7 Y+ v7 E
1993 $255 $347 3.7% Clinton signed Budget Act% o r+ B2 c( A! `& k+ H& H
1994 $203 $281 2.8% Clinton budget; V1 z! F4 X ? y
1995 $164 $281 2.1% Expansion
; `7 K8 H ~8 l3 u1996 $107 $251 1.3% Welfare reform/ k! X- Q, L8 q4 [: F, e
1997 $22 $188 0.3% Expansion
8 s1 a" h$ j4 v/ o2 ~7 l1 z1998 ($69) $113 (0.8%) LTCM crisis, recession% ]2 v% }. Q' S, l' w: l6 S
1999 ($126) $130 (1.3%) Glass-Steagall repealed; j) h7 [) D+ z+ b& Y1 A
2000 ($236) $18 (2.3%) Surplus
" J, t% |/ h. v- K+ s% {( l2001 ($128) $133 (1.2%) 9/11 attacks, EGTRRA
5 c% @; F: G: I4 t( H2002 $158 $421 1.4% War on Terror
2 e V& g. ~ r4 j" ?0 K2003 $378 $555 3.3% JGTRRA3 P$ P% x* e6 {& z% [$ E4 w
2004 $413 $596 3.4% Iraq War3 l# {1 o+ i: V0 Y5 r
2005 $318 $554 2.4% Katrina, Bankruptcy Act
+ {% l5 A L) V- `1 l2006 $248 $578 1.8% Bernanke chairs Fed, e' g6 K. F- l1 ~0 P$ ~2 _
2007 $161 $501 1.1% Bank crisis
* F7 B. g5 r5 i& ?1 \8 O2008 $459 $1,017 3.1% Bank bailout, QE
0 x+ `+ x7 @2 ] _" Y) W" v5 O2009 $1,413 $1,632 9.8% Stimulus Act. Bank bailout cost $250B, ARRA added $241.9B
/ G! o' a, [! a! `' C2 I2010 $1,294 $1,905 8.6% Obama tax cuts, ACA, Simpson-Bowles
) s9 L7 N! Z7 k# a7 Z1 Z* l- ^2011 $1,300 $1,229 8.3% Debt crisis, recession and tax cuts reduced revenue
8 j( {. [. z* r, p$ \6 v2 k1 x* p2012 $1,087 $1,276 6.7% Fiscal cliff2 M9 h) ~8 e- L2 w+ | W/ _
2013 $679 $672 4.0% Sequester, government shutdown
8 r3 ?5 b4 ]; x7 g6 ]# J/ g. p: K5 A2014 $485 $1,086 2.7% Debt ceiling
: \; v- I/ E" v% X/ q2015 $438 $327 2.4% Defense = $736.4B
& p8 g3 p' }- w/ f7 c/ r2016 $585 $1,423 3.1% Defense = $767.6B+ A7 b5 |7 O# a: h* S& k4 c: l0 J5 Z3 S
2017 $665 $672 3.4% Defense = $817.9B6 H3 | \: ?" p5 V8 @
2018 $779 $1,217 4.0% Defense = $890.8B. Trump tax cuts
& T, G& n5 [0 W6 E+ B# H2019 $1,091 $1,314 NA Defense = $956.5B
9 j) r) o Q0 d- q% w( w5 P' [2020 $1,101 $1,281 NA Defense = $989B
6 z8 B. |8 L8 N2 p/ B* Q0 k2021 $1,068 $1,276 NA NA
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