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The Fiscal Year 2020 U.S. budget deficit is expected to be $1.1 trillion. $ P) d: v( r7 S- ?
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2020财年美国预算赤字预计为1.1万亿美元
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$ l8 q& g6 E7 w! C+ n" d/ X1 X1 KThe first column represents the fiscal year, followed by the deficit that year in billions. Next is the debt increase by fiscal year, followed by the deficit/GDP. Finally, the events affecting the deficit are cited.
0 k5 R* |7 K/ r! p/ O% } 第一列表示会计年度,其次是该年度的赤字(十亿)。其次是财政年度的债务增加,其次是赤字/ GDP。最后,列举了影响赤字的事件: Z: L% E! O7 b) d+ @; Q4 E; e; K |
- f1 Z0 i+ \0 Q8 o" X# n' K3 l$ QFiscal Year Deficit (in billions) Debt Deficit/GDP Events5 D+ I) s3 b! A7 h' _- l3 ?
1929 ($1) ($1) (0.7%) Market crash
& o, F# w- \( r3 X: D1930 ($1) ($1) (0.8%) Smoot-Hawley9 p% s- D- D, p9 P
1931 $0 $1 0.6% Dust Bowl4 Q1 i! n0 P9 C/ k( V' L9 V: a
1932 $3 $3 4.5% Hoover tax hike
& T# ^. b3 x; F& x1 n+ M1933 $3 $3 4.5% FDR New Deal' b8 _# r9 _- d ^: T5 Y
1934 $4 $5 5.4% GDP up 10.8%, debt also rose
2 m! k/ e& A" K) q% l7 m# W5 d1935 $3 $2 3.8% Social Security
5 k) I: n* }6 l( U3 y1936 $4 $5 5.1% Tax hikes7 W4 d! x1 B. ?# |! \
1937 $2 $3 2.4% Depression returned, third New Deal
; c$ H5 X. r0 G* S/ h: C3 S3 {6 L5 r1938 $0 $1 0.1% Dust Bowl ended u: P5 z$ i- @; V) m$ C2 l/ s7 `
1939 $3 $3 3.0% Depression ended; T( ^- q3 U: ]6 [& u, [. Z x9 {+ ~
1940 $3 $3 2.8% Defense increased! _- G0 d6 t# O4 H# e
1941 $5 $6 3.8% Pearl Harbor
; A" C9 K5 X; J' T- [/ T1942 $21 $23 12.3% Battle of Midway
/ j. g% Y) S. m8 G6 B. t1943 $55 $64 26.9% Defense tripled
! L1 P7 [ A# Y2 I% z1944 $48 $64 21.2% Bretton Woods
9 O1 W# J) H) }6 l1 \" ~1945 $48 $58 20.0% WWII ended
9 S, q5 Q# G& I5 @1946 $16 $11 7.0% Recession
; U/ Y5 Y, B* D0 t1947 ($4) ($11) (1.6%) Cold War0 i- e6 ?: F5 v' r( k
1948 ($12) ($6) (4.2%) Recession3 _- U9 W0 |# U4 x# H
1949 ($1) $0 (0.2%) Recession, l5 m2 o# c$ \3 F4 c
1950 $3 $5 1.0% Korean War
0 P$ D0 A. J* o0 J' m1951 ($6) ($2) (1.7%) Expansion+ \9 s) ?3 ]0 B1 C
1952 $2 $4 0.4% Expansion+ v: @: f6 ?8 K4 T9 Q' u
1953 $6 $7 1.7% Korean War ended, recession
0 M" R& I! z* n3 ?6 z- R1954 $1 $5 0.3% Recession, Eisenhower budgets* I6 K9 O: ^( b/ K4 z* m
1955 $3 $3 0.7% Expansion, c. [' j, O0 W
1956 ($4) ($2) (0.9%) Expansion- D& g% ?' n# s _2 Y0 D8 @$ W
1957 ($3) ($2) (0.7%) Recession
8 i6 R* q/ O) C1958 $3 $6 0.6% Recession ended/ V- Q7 X- w; g) [
1959 $13 $8 2.4% Fed raised rates4 v8 g" P4 \8 e2 C$ p+ ?
1960 $0 $2 (0.1%) Recession6 n5 m6 k8 t8 C5 {8 i
1961 $3 $3 0.6% JFK & Bay of Pigs; g8 `9 d1 q! k9 r3 F
1962 $7 $10 1.2% Cuban Missile Crisis
+ ?# I) b8 N2 U9 O: a) A5 a1963 $5 $7 0.7% U.S. aids Vietnam, JFK killed' T4 T: p& P5 _0 ~/ [# l; W
1964 $6 $6 0.9% LBJ War on Poverty3 _ l/ a' k1 u+ G8 z
1965 $1 $6 0.2% Medicare, Medicaid, Vietnam War) u: l$ k* H" D5 ^/ F
1966 $4 $3 0.5%
- v" ?+ ]( L9 f/ k) Z1967 $9 $6 1.0% Expansion3 M6 u9 m ?" ]
1968 $25 $21 2.6% Moon landing
" m% U# ^0 L9 R8 F9 q; r' G1969 ($3) $6 (0.3%) Nixon took office
- S9 N9 H) k4 ~2 F, K* i/ R1970 $3 $17 0.3% Recession8 N1 X7 ^4 d$ ^
1971 $23 $27 2.0% Wage-price controls
& p4 l. M+ }7 c# P7 G: ^1972 $23 $29 1.8% Stagflation
) y. y9 a* J& D6 u7 E1973 $15 $31 1.0% End of gold standard
5 K0 n+ A* O+ D+ b2 g1 X1974 $6 $17 0.4% Budget process created, Watergate
& N) T1 N1 s7 t8 [' p! C, [1975 $53 $58 3.1% Ford budget, Vietnam War ended! U; I. T& {5 F' V+ z" M. L
1976 $74 $87 3.9% Stagflation
) R7 h; z7 O. r+ |3 Y% i1977 $54 $78 2.5% Stagflation/ \5 {! _$ m; @" s( U z- N* f0 W
1978 $59 $73 2.5% Carter budget, Recession9 S( }6 B# I& D
1979 $41 $55 1.5% Recession! b, y! x+ ] n
1980 $74 $81 2.6% Volcker raised rates to 20%4 B7 F. q& `* P+ R+ x2 w7 U4 j
1981 $79 $90 2.4% Reagan tax cut4 ~1 e! a# I! o/ h+ X; Z4 t
1982 $128 $144 3.8% Reagan increased spending
* ?7 R2 H4 ~) U2 v7 z1983 $208 $235 5.6% Jobless rate was 10.8%
! T! M2 a; R+ [1984 $185 $195 4.5% Increased defense spending
5 a/ p$ _8 b0 U) w1985 $212 $256 4.8% Increased defense spending, s3 M1 Q9 g( G" x2 N
1986 $221 $297 4.8% Tax cut8 a9 E$ F4 q, }. C K
1987 $150 $225 3.1% Market crash M! O7 D+ \ J5 u( M* d
1988 $155 $252 2.9% Fed raised rates) @2 d4 X- l# x# ~: e& ~, t) `
1989 $153 $255 2.7% S&L Crisis, Bush 41 budget& a6 ~; B% g2 s- \" Y. R4 H
1990 $221 $376 3.7% Desert Storm
( z8 J& l, E6 p+ P1991 $269 $432 4.3% Recession! i4 P) p) x& ^
1992 $290 $399 4.4% Expansion
1 D6 A6 P" o2 T: t7 K2 w1993 $255 $347 3.7% Clinton signed Budget Act7 t+ i: o4 I5 R5 j
1994 $203 $281 2.8% Clinton budget0 X# h4 v7 S( s/ M; ]4 K8 l
1995 $164 $281 2.1% Expansion
+ B3 s$ j/ \# {% P2 ^+ x, d* t1996 $107 $251 1.3% Welfare reform
, E/ X3 `9 T. K/ B- ?0 ^1997 $22 $188 0.3% Expansion4 {7 s% F' I B! v
1998 ($69) $113 (0.8%) LTCM crisis, recession) Y! j. L/ o5 ]9 T
1999 ($126) $130 (1.3%) Glass-Steagall repealed! D8 q3 |8 K% e6 k0 _
2000 ($236) $18 (2.3%) Surplus, }" A. w) R) W, G) ]! z" |( [- I2 \
2001 ($128) $133 (1.2%) 9/11 attacks, EGTRRA0 r: n- n& v! W' }- n' C9 }
2002 $158 $421 1.4% War on Terror6 D# h& n5 c( {$ a5 B% u5 ~
2003 $378 $555 3.3% JGTRRA
2 Q5 f2 E8 i3 h6 C9 [5 P2004 $413 $596 3.4% Iraq War
$ g. \1 N& L/ T5 ^" B2005 $318 $554 2.4% Katrina, Bankruptcy Act& V1 _4 J3 k* u2 Y, E" j9 ?& l' v
2006 $248 $578 1.8% Bernanke chairs Fed
9 Z) J1 `4 O) \. f+ |2007 $161 $501 1.1% Bank crisis
* d! f9 \3 r5 S3 U- {" d2008 $459 $1,017 3.1% Bank bailout, QE/ G" E7 @7 d& T' Q- |2 n! L
2009 $1,413 $1,632 9.8% Stimulus Act. Bank bailout cost $250B, ARRA added $241.9B
' L2 L8 H4 G: j# C5 G8 X2010 $1,294 $1,905 8.6% Obama tax cuts, ACA, Simpson-Bowles
" e: `& j4 y5 |& j2011 $1,300 $1,229 8.3% Debt crisis, recession and tax cuts reduced revenue
- I" P" c' j6 {8 u+ d+ E2012 $1,087 $1,276 6.7% Fiscal cliff6 o( p5 {* T; T! H Q1 B
2013 $679 $672 4.0% Sequester, government shutdown5 V: z: F9 A; e
2014 $485 $1,086 2.7% Debt ceiling
% |& Q7 j, r0 i6 |& G2015 $438 $327 2.4% Defense = $736.4B
6 s& f6 f% N, \4 M5 r7 w( e2016 $585 $1,423 3.1% Defense = $767.6B
4 P* r a K j2017 $665 $672 3.4% Defense = $817.9B1 B" o2 d' A* d6 U, U
2018 $779 $1,217 4.0% Defense = $890.8B. Trump tax cuts
* w: b0 f5 {' A% ^ r2019 $1,091 $1,314 NA Defense = $956.5B( C4 _/ m8 B' u% }! l. j7 W
2020 $1,101 $1,281 NA Defense = $989B0 H& t! Z% M( b
2021 $1,068 $1,276 NA NA
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