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NO SPEAKING, LAITY
This is my first time to address here. XIAO FENG CAN YUE wants me to tell guys how to drive a turbo car correctly so that everybody can benefit it and identify who is correct and who is a laity but which made so much boring noise. Please see the attachment that tells you how to deal with a TURBO. Do pay attention to BOOST R.M.P, PEAK TOUQUE R.M.P, and PEAK HORSEPOWER R.M.P.
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Tech Sheet; s* N" h% d7 `( N0 o: Z
‘Frequently Asked’
- P9 Y8 i& W, C‘Turbo Questions’(In no particular order)
, O- _% M- G% cYour turbocharger is engineered to match the specific requirements of the engine it is) s* F1 h+ I/ F
fitted to. Each is dependent on the other to maintain optimum performance. Don't
* b- v/ W1 r: K0 }* `& `- c+ Vthink of the turbo as a bolt-on accessory, rather as an integral part of the engine. The# W* d5 _2 V3 g
turbo's requirements are similar to the engine’s. It is, therefore, essential that! |8 T* w: t( Z) h9 S/ h, _
scheduled servicing, using good quality oils and parts, is central to caring for your
" I' U) A" L7 w+ eturbo.
a0 a' q: E" o# @5 A; E. [! KIn many instances Berrima Diesel receive turbochargers which have been
* }) v& T6 D" I8 C; d8 S$ \/ P/ G* Omisdiagnosed as having a turbo problem, when actually the turbo is not at fault.
) ?5 A' z) V. t7 D* ~, tIncorrect fault finding is often caused by a lack of product knowledge. Many- B% q1 s5 a. h- W1 \( Q
contributory items around the engine bay can trick the unsuspecting into believing the- r) O; |. u/ S. U- c5 ?4 e- B# H/ L
turbo is the culprit, when in fact it is not. Unfortunately, if the real problem is not
. T3 E; D) N: h7 J. Ydiagnosed before a replacement turbocharger is fitted, the problem still exists!
( J+ v6 B( M2 HWe have a saying at Berrima Diesel which goes, "Turbos don't die. They’re killed". A0 W* \/ d# M5 s4 S
turbo can be killed in many ways.4 c5 v g( ]9 b. R
Foreign object damage results in either the air intake "compressor wheel" or exhaust
# v- ^/ D1 S# ]2 n8 x" Z C9 s. |"turbine" wheel being damaged. The former is often caused by someone accidentally
: l. |9 K+ W+ H/ d+ j+ s3 |leaving a nut or other foreign body in the air induction hoses. Please be extremely
6 Q! A! _5 N, J7 O5 M3 P8 E# x3 N9 rcareful if going to an aftermarket air-filter. Genuine is bests there! In the latter case, _' W0 j- D1 d# |" V& c3 c% u! l
this may be caused by part of an engine component, such as a piece of valve, exiting
- l! O1 v& H3 ~1 ]& R5 G2 ?the engine in rather a hurry! In both cases it results in severe turbocharger damage
# v5 |2 R- F i+ j: t3 \/ ~instantly.( ~4 ^2 a& C3 A$ {6 Y
Turbochargers are simple in operation, but manufactured to precise tolerances as fine2 K) R% S/ C* s! ^& w
as 1/ 1,000,000 of an inch. The turbo unit manufacturers balance and test every single
9 @' ]6 [, f! K/ N( E6 ^/ ]turbocharger many times, including final assembly. The balancing methods and" I% b3 w& F1 c' {: {( P) q
procedures are unique. Without them, no turbocharger can be balanced to the ultrafine
* b1 }' ~0 M8 `/ X9 x: I1 m1 stolerances required for today’s high speed turbos. It is now common for
0 H. k/ X% _/ m5 i6 `, sturbochargers to spin up to 150,000 rpm +.
* o* F1 x X. n! V) L. }4 tThat’s approximately 35 times faster than most diesel engines rev at the red line!6 S% x7 h1 W7 F' l# F: y2 m
Sophisticated machinery and highly trained factory staff ensure that the highest
7 C# \" m4 Z& r' O' rstandards are always maintained.7 ?; t& O& J) F1 R
Useful tips when driving any turbocharged engine, whether it be petrol or diesel, are
8 R8 Q6 o; J( Jto always allow the engine to warm-up fully, until the water temperature gauge2 n' A- p- K4 Z" R2 n
reaches normal, before full throttle is used. Try to plan the end of your journey
' z m( v5 t: M* D6 E6 c# n) x( T9 Jsympathetically. Don’t use full throttle or allow the engine to labour during the last
; a1 i7 }+ }7 \few miles. This will prevent excessive heat build-up within the turbo when the engine4 l( A4 @' a" i# l, o8 O# Z# X
is turned off. Also, when coming to a standstill, try to leave the engine idling for a
! }9 t0 t. [/ _8 E! \few extra seconds to allow the heat to decrease. No need for a timer though, just undo! f' Y1 R0 `9 \$ k! \$ _
your seat belt first and then turn off the engine. Never rev the engine just as the9 j, B7 f3 m* e- y# |
ignition is turned off. Remember the turbo spins at a far greater speed then the
- h# Z# x/ p/ y# uengine, but is lubricated with engine oil. Once the engine stops the oil supply ceases- j. L/ V4 Z: ?0 @. }% ^+ E
within a few seconds. In reality, none of the above traits will cause a turbocharger to
( a( {4 g, Z3 ffail immediately, but repeatedly over a long period, they could reduce the life of your. z& J" H4 S, q
turbocharger.0 u, B) R8 Q7 [% K- z6 W: Z
If it becomes necessary to seek advice about a turbocharger or a turbo related
5 G3 w# q) r8 K) `" N" J1 mproblem, always rely on a professional. Berrima Diesel, together with DTS
6 q- |2 p3 m6 O6 K$ }" \turbochargers, are Australia’s leading turbo specialist, and are acknowledged as one$ Y7 G% g( K: x: E* i9 h
of the most experienced turbo installation companies in the world. We can advise2 @" j9 [' {* N. U6 B. @: w
customers with turbocharged 4WD’s on a wide variety of questions and issues. C+ |3 h- J, O$ X9 J: v# k
relating to owning and running a turbo car., p' ~+ d4 M3 U: d& X+ k
It cannot be stressed too much how important it is, when purchasing turbocharger
9 J5 M; Y# m5 f, p: j7 }/ }1 _& ~system, always to choose the top brand name -Berrima Diesel. Consider this. As with
1 s8 }( k1 z5 }; v/ J8 Nso many things in life, quality costs, and there are sometimes cheaper turbos for sale.
: P- H4 O9 R/ T4 ]( I6 jWithout the safeguard of using a Berrima Diesel turbocharger, you run a serious risk6 q+ n; W# v) }( O' ~. ^
that your short-term saving may turn out to be a long-term nightmare. C2 g: \) J7 X' O
What is 'Boost'?8 X4 v' Q$ l2 a8 E. R1 }, k6 f
Boost is a term used to describe the increase in pressure, provided by the
- K9 i4 r n" y: K. nturbocharger, to the volume of air, entering the engine. This pressure is expressed in
+ w: O# [) {) ^# D1 J( k& `' {; F5 W3 oa number of different units, (BAR, ATM, Kpa, P.S.I.), but they all mean the same: a; K& H) e! V1 S8 A
thing. For purposes of approximate comparison; 1 BAR = 1 ATM = 100 Kpa
" O+ C! i9 s1 v. G$ }* Z& E14.7P.S.1. When the pressure of the engine's inlet air is increased, the engine's power9 R+ S4 m' F3 [
output is increased. This pressure increase is called 'boost'., U) \, y+ D; P. _
How does fitting a Dynamic Turbosystem effect the power of my
% v! y% s8 m- N3 O0 ^: w3 O6 kvehicle?
/ O k( X4 j: C* s/ gModern 4WD diesel engines, typically produce peak torque (pulling power), at' j7 f: @# \5 C
around 2,000-2,500 R.P.M. and peak horsepower at around 3,500-4,000 R.P.M.
* l3 w! c/ X$ l9 FTurbo boost starts at approximately 750 R.P.M. and rises progressively to its( `3 r3 Z6 u1 I( x9 |
maximum pressure of approx. 70 Kpa (10 P.S.I.) by approx. 2,000 R.P.M. At this; J0 ~- y% y. N$ e
point, the percentage torque increase of a correctly tuned installation is approx. 40%,$ N- V, R& o* O. K, N
at the wheels. This continues to the peak horsepower point of 3,500-4,000 R.P.M. At
' l3 }5 Y' }/ M' ~8 R u5 Dno point is it ever any less than standard. e.g. at 1500 R.P.M. it is at least 25% greater$ k! r( p8 x3 i) S D1 F
than the standard vehicle at the same R.P.M.
5 x3 t. M' ~6 x0 e7 S1 qCan I fit a Dynamic Turbosystem myself and, if not, how long and* z7 r1 B0 j& e6 T
what is the cost of having it fitted for me ?9 A8 q8 i: }5 C* Y H0 d! o
While most competent mechanics could probably fit a Dynamic Turbosystem,
5 s8 }0 L# E7 ~$ h otuning requires specialised knowledge. The lack of this knowledge could have
( F, n- M5 O0 ~serious consequences. In addition, warranty can only be provided on Dynamic& [* W ?; p. k# |/ f# W
Turbosystems which are installed by authorised facilities.
) x% r8 y4 v8 }8 LThe cost of having the installation performed by Andrew at Berrima Diesel is
2 W9 N3 f$ r( Y: Y. m8 oonly about 10% of the total purchase price. This provides a warranted, correctly
8 u* s! e4 y4 _7 Stuned, "no hassle" installation for the customer. All diesel vehicle installation can be5 z+ Y5 i6 T, V. B1 I& U8 H
performed in one day.
2 `) g2 ^$ R# ~ ^, |* aWhat creates the most heat? Fuel or turbo boost?/ E+ j2 V& V- M* o
Diesels do not need an air control (eg. manifold butterfly valve. The only ones
1 n( i+ R2 p9 B) Z) ^requiring a butterfly are vacuum operated governor pumps) to operate. The more air
2 j/ p8 k( p1 Q) o& y: ?the better. Add too much fuel to the equation and the exhaust gas temperature
+ G# u% R/ d& u) Irises rapidly.
' A6 Q D" k: K: R! b& F% Z* {: N' tWhat type of oil and how often should it be changed ?, E# @, D) N' e$ V) F
Turbos must have good quality oil. Use either a mineral, semi or fully-synthetic
4 X5 `; ]. Y, Bengine oil. Berrima Diesel recommends Shell Rimula range or Shell Helix Ultra .
2 p" x. K! f( z G+ Z! I% p, p0 F# UChange oil at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer., F8 [5 H. q3 l8 y* t" F' _. K
How long does a turbo last ?
; V4 e z3 p8 M7 _' Q3 DOn average, as long as the engine or longer with regular engine servicing and good
: t: i! z, n/ s; {quality engine oil.$ l) T! ~7 S# S @* w: ?
What is a ‘dump’ valve or ‘blow-off‘ valve ?
( y6 D! o' w3 xA valve which relieves boost-pressure between the compressor outlet and engine as
s# k+ I. m$ x9 Bthe throttle is closed (Only required on throttle valve controlled diesels which are6 {1 ] l2 L3 u+ V
rarely seen these days). These are commonly fitted to hotted up petrol cars so it
. f6 Y* ~1 Z, }' wsounds good changing gears among other reasons!' n3 i; L% v: c3 \
Can I fit a turbo from another 4WD ?
) M, @4 x- P7 |5 p8 D- S. h( J$ WNo, virtually all turbocharger are different inside, even if they appear similar on the
0 h: L5 Y9 W; v7 b/ goutside. The turbo model e.g. Mitsubishi TD04, is only the model, not the
1 P- b: {% s3 Y. {specification. p4 @* P2 D$ I2 @% S. ]7 Q
Should I leave my engine ‘ticking over’ before it is turned off ?
' E5 Q% M- {7 A' `/ ~, i( \$ WNot for normal every day driving, but still worthwhile if the engine has been under1 ~) b3 k! g, ^" j
load or raced before being turned off. e.g. Towing a caravan or after climbing a long
% k+ m# s5 y/ ]; G- J/ x' l4 `1 [incline.
7 j. P& s9 h: |7 T [$ r* ^Why is it important to balance a turbocharger ?
- D, A9 c9 c4 e- Y& SWithout highly accurate balancing, vibration will create a whining noise, reduce
# L7 Q Q, O1 sturbo bearing life and reduce turbo efficiency.
2 U# P9 {1 ?/ Q/ E2 \8 s- \How much boost does my turbo produce? l$ C, S+ m/ M2 J4 C; u; U' Z
Correctly set up diesel 4WD turbochargers run up to between 10 PSI to12 PSI with0 s6 u" M" o+ t) B1 S- Q
Intercooler turbocharged engines running upwards of 13PSI.
7 i+ v$ F- L) EHow many psi in one bar ?7 C5 T- {; J3 Q' h/ U! F: K: I
14.7 psi = 1 bar.
/ @4 @) k( ]& {8 d# Y0 e, p# v' }Are all actuators the same ?8 ?0 g+ x" O* u: F
No, each has a different opening pressure and rate.2 \, @, n; ?; o/ ^2 E8 E5 `* Z X
Oil in the turbo inlet pipe - Should I be concerned ?# |4 T k5 e$ R* `/ s! f
A small amount of oil usually exists, drawn in from the engine's crankcase breather( |. X8 C* k6 G1 {
system. High engine wear will increase the amount of oil found, and will require' l a* w' O/ |0 W" H
further engine tests (not turbo).
9 F& r7 U0 S* N" C5 u) _3 I$ ?Should a turbo be serviced ?$ P) H4 o7 H) i5 s; ?
No specific turbo servicing is required, but regular quality engine servicing is needed, M9 [( ?- L/ [% Q
to reduce the chance of turbocharger problems.
. L( F' S+ S7 c4 M9 rWhat is a water-cooled turbo ?
, [$ E8 c6 V9 F7 a% [6 Y6 iThe central part of the turbo, housing the bearings, is surrounded by a water jacket
5 ?" ]7 j$ d5 W, z6 C1 l/ A0 sthrough which the engine's water coolant is passed. This water continues to circulate! r- V( F9 B7 b
after the engine is turned off, cooling the turbo, and preventing heat soak.
0 v4 h" M w5 I8 ~# N0 n: p9 p9 cDo I need to up grade my exhaust ?
0 L Z' x% n1 \: \; d. m9 F- H5 {Generally not. Our systems are designed to run utilising as much genuine component
/ w8 |! v7 H1 Y: U6 tas possible. Some systems on the market promote exhaust change as it is required by9 A9 o$ `+ T7 C1 k2 a
that particular turbo. Doing so usually picks up more noise than performance.
* u' c) M. m& K- }: c7 a/ O6 m' dHow noisy should a turbo be ?
% [3 ^& `3 |2 s4 ]! xOnly an unbalanced, worn out or damaged turbo will produce any significant turbo2 m- @4 [9 S' Y( w- _9 {; M
noise.8 m% }9 o% Z# K7 }' r9 Z
What is an intercooler ?
; Q/ ]% K" T0 i7 ]! TA special type of radiator which cools air before it enters the engine. As a turbo! z/ H7 c& H3 {, l. r( c+ Q5 _
compresses air, the air heats up. Power can be increased if the air entering the engine
8 f5 D) |; R% {% @( h0 c9 Ois cooler. The cooler air is more dense meaning that more fuel can be injected for7 m9 h* n7 f$ O# b/ ?* q! q
more power.. r( D0 o# ^% w4 M% p% Q* M; y! e. C
Will my vehicle run ‘cooler’ with an intercooler ?: o, R7 I; l9 D* L! {# u
Theoretically, but not always the case! We commonly find Intercooled 4WD vehicles$ J2 \# G. I* I, E/ f: f+ s
running hot due to over-fuelling and radiator restriction. Restriction meaning that hot4 E% n r i, v
air passes out of the Intercooler over the air conditioning condenser and finally the
) S, J: W& m% J, q$ S. Yradiator. The poor old radiator is left with scraps of extremely hot air and then is
+ q6 d; K: Q" F4 y' u( P( Wexpected to cool the engine. We don’t advise fitting them as hot Australian conditions3 y( K6 n5 h- a; c9 c
can often be the catalyst for engine heat problems.
* ]- z d Q& f/ fWhat will happen to my fuel consumption?
# H6 ^+ s f8 q! ZMore power generally means more fuel. With a diesel turbo system, fuel consumption
: U X, K/ X7 n4 b9 v: j( t. V4 Kstays generally the same and can become better under towing conditions |
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楼主: 晓风残月
狗仔卡
发表于 2008-7-10 11:10
显身卡
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发表于 2008-7-11 09:19
