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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)2 C2 Y- L* m% U$ m4 f# T9 a
$ d; c- z) \) B5 A+ m7 iProof:
; x. ]5 w. A# s2 u* n( dLet n >1 be an integer ; f! {1 g \. ]$ V2 ]; P# ~
Basis: (n=2) o/ Q) E! d. ~9 b3 }
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
g& E7 f. u; y+ G0 K9 G6 U& j2 D) y* [3 {5 |9 j1 F, \8 z
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
( `1 j7 p8 e9 j- a( v& p' U K^3 – K can by divided by 3.* ~: x7 H. P+ Q4 I# i
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3+ @2 ^9 h9 L( J2 k9 y; n8 T3 {
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem, y) ~9 w, s9 p& i8 }
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)) O, |5 C6 Q- R( d1 W
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
' s& i; Q7 K' w6 y* a = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)5 d k$ h4 A0 ^
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- J8 U$ ?9 T$ l; h5 ~
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0$ g2 ]6 M. E6 X9 x* i
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 V7 P9 P. {. o2 Z! n7 c( H = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)! n. k' g" t+ y' A' R$ G
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
( f# @. x- z. C7 Q9 |6 J+ p$ E3 L1 x' ~1 u6 L6 M o
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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