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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)+ @" T; M$ I) [: x6 ]2 `' Y2 k: l
6 C$ V5 @6 k9 L1 z$ [Proof: ! N* a8 L! G) Y" D* T! ~$ G
Let n >1 be an integer $ P! D. B) q5 ^$ _ ^
Basis: (n=2)% Z4 C1 ]9 n4 C
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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7 X7 v7 W" c. m4 m' L/ ]6 T3 yInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that7 \# ^& [/ z( p, @ f2 z
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.% L: P$ E8 \# q1 m# ?7 L
- V2 n# t- P: _! m4 ^Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3 b- Z7 s" U" ]
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem+ V* ~( y/ m" [
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
/ e# e- x( g' v* W = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K$ @1 i% @# t2 L8 s7 ?8 m) k
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)6 l) ]) J$ t. H" X5 u% H' y
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: W, z3 t1 M) qby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0) J( c8 y/ T9 e) x! e
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 |/ s+ u! s2 o: O* p( y
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)# I8 E1 a; L2 C! @. Y& b
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
2 z9 @/ `2 x( |* ]$ }, _7 K
% { B6 T# {9 SConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1., z( _' p' M" a$ {& k' W
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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