 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
' i2 O0 A% G( s9 NInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 ?8 C c; `2 ?3 Z1 |
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ w, C) W, ?2 j' {
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
. f0 q/ e6 X# t2 J$ y. }0 y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of2 ?9 a* x! E1 Y0 j
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 d8 F# v# n! e% N& N
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; h# F! z$ f6 J+ t( w$ K$ e
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ X* N/ G- b9 t) J z9 E& Q. u# @
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! B2 z5 i+ {) A" E9 w$ ]retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
3 ?2 o8 r0 D4 m9 M( W n2 opossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset c- N6 i/ R. S3 U+ g
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! z5 @3 T8 J7 k; U4 R8 v! W
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 y" T2 d* Q0 }5 q' g! E6 i
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 B8 N* ~+ E( E9 _6 I" v8 tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In( B4 @% ?1 j) J I
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 R& }+ j R8 \
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 t3 d$ t7 b4 i. z" o' ~5 e
! k4 c0 d+ [% x1 E9 a(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)7 M5 v( D* e2 X5 B; N) D
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
