 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 ?0 B P( X* E1 D$ @" O
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the ^1 p; f/ \) G" _/ M9 U
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* {1 b; F% R) v; z8 U" W, Qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 P5 r5 i1 J. |6 s# q1 y! s" T3 @(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 \4 ~- j& }; Q- a' ?, }
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% X5 {9 l- C( D( QA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
* V. t. u$ t- h) H0 T* G4 ?[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 E# h2 j8 K* c+ y; ], r
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 d m1 E4 w# b
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ V; |- e( L% G; E- d- {
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset! m1 r& V& _* H: Z) r; C. |1 [/ D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two- g+ A( }# }/ M
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a8 Y! m8 z* ~8 E8 K, x' [# d- w
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# D% Q# ~% S* S! n& t& uend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ B. c/ W0 y/ X+ w
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 u4 M: c, W% A* ~ f0 dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ n1 P. I. K8 p9 s' d3 R$ [: ^+ Z# O
- o. f% A: o1 ^/ p* p1 F/ o(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
- B9 x1 G; J! \, s' ^) K) e: tand American speakers of English, |
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