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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯8 I1 m+ ^0 s* l( k. y  }
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
  r0 [9 y- b- M9 j9 [5 J若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
- o4 Q  _7 j/ v2 c指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。  x( q* G1 Z. M1 S2 M1 N
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)4 w! U5 L# _4 C* x6 I, ~
例如:
3 H( ?2 s/ ?; x( _' SAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
2 Z' J8 G* y5 K8 ^(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
( T" T: Y3 ]% _Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
3 l# P7 Q0 h: _(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
- R; j7 M. v) n* s7 Z2 z, p" f虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:4 S. u* X0 G8 w
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.# }/ {6 u, z6 y% Q$ d$ w# j. n) A& K) Y
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
$ H: j! r2 F3 p) u* ~/ U(2) fair-haired boy:
" J, i+ I* i" }% @. k* @$ Q" H/ f2 E8 ?指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
% q: h/ C  U/ d1 Z(通常用单数,当名词用). g2 E) L2 [# c" m& `' _
例如:2 a* t1 \" [; a, M( c
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent./ w5 [- H; o8 U* I! c6 o4 q
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。); n- h7 Z, L% K2 ^$ p& [
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.2 g, J3 [! E) H7 t3 }1 B7 ~/ }
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
4 q2 U# G9 E0 M5 s$ y# g( Q/ z有时也可用复数:
7 S! k# @- t' q/ J1 L+ K/ IMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
& i/ G6 W: P" R& m# M; w6 Y/ h(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。), F  s7 Q3 l1 L5 M, ]* f7 t7 V
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.' H2 Z0 I, H, ]' z5 k* Z9 T- e. F. x
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
) C" S; Q3 I- N" d5 D(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
& m. W! b3 |1 ^# g0 s# c(3) fishing expedition:+ W# x* J  |, b+ O$ U) R7 d4 w
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)9 n6 q( e/ ]- O2 p8 @
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)# u' |- i7 C- ~& f0 k
例如:
, z6 ?; r$ K, c. O+ [The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.9 l  s1 l  I" r, R" R
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
# ~5 q6 l+ q' _, e  n1 [% `The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.1 s* i2 k0 h( I6 k2 b  M3 t
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)/ ]- o7 r" `' g3 }
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)5 D" H3 |' m! y& z) C
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.6 O7 w, R; a9 `; c
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
; ?! F7 F4 `; J' G' O8 t$ B偶尔也有人用复数:
! |, e! w/ L) t) SSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office., K$ n7 x5 l8 M* I
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
: S0 f( ], S6 @: l! e( v; |" F(4) filthy rich:
0 Z, G1 l* d+ @; S. D+ J意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
' B# O) L% @/ A: j(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)% T6 D0 s- ~6 A' N' d5 \
多半当形容词用。例如:
! k& Y5 h& U& B( g% ?" ?With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.! E( z) Q" y8 q4 O5 E! K
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
9 i- {: _# y6 y  xDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.- [; n( d2 F* N8 @4 Y# t
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
# k, |7 P  ]% W/ VA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.# n$ \4 e0 Z- T/ M% j7 B
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ v- i3 v9 ~9 [2 L5 c
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
- R( |; |) M# c8 h# v5 O0 [8 l(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)+ O1 E. q0 o: r6 L8 `
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
6 U# ?+ ?( A$ a" J! Q(5) fairy godmother:
/ d; [$ ?6 V  X% h9 I  h7 o2 f" b指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)" v/ q0 [2 ]- @
(多半指有钱的女人)0 U( V2 k, I* h1 W
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
3 {+ A! D. j6 N0 u! WMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars." z7 y3 |% L& _! d; z; k3 V
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)  X0 x9 {4 T6 S9 F& A- u
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.1 l! b, \+ w& p- H. H" m
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 T# L" U2 B& c4 \
有时也用复数:% y2 I4 y& k1 @5 i
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
6 w4 j6 C  b7 _% X/ T6 U(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
! E; a: x1 A! Q7 `In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
0 |- T4 ^7 B- Q$ H& [) ^(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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2 J; v# j& w8 o$ S8 \4 {& [' P6)eye opener:* K2 O" H% @1 X& D6 B
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion); v: \3 ?6 ~& h( [0 J0 N4 V
(当名词用;通常只用单数)2 }) v8 C* ^6 @1 Q+ e
例如:) t) }2 K# Y. E9 }
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.0 @* P& m$ t+ Z$ J4 Q3 h  I7 \3 g4 r
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)3 R# \% ^& ~4 ~/ `1 q. M/ L' R
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener." Q' J0 f+ n7 r4 ~" S2 s
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)* m8 i7 D! J3 V* s9 \+ {% v1 h
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
$ N% Q1 J  h/ Q% K(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)$ j$ |; `' b! t# W
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people." P- v( q2 o% m
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)  c9 X9 g8 w  `5 p8 W
(7) hot dog:# U: s3 h" t; t0 L6 m8 L6 t
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用), o4 {7 X  R1 s: f3 t  r
例如:
% T9 X8 r2 J% ^. T6 T& {Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
3 \) f( X/ h( e% h(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)1 a# r; P1 r4 d! g' X: t7 M3 S
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)0 u) X/ f  e  E2 c+ Q; O8 n, @
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.$ o" J4 s+ v8 k4 H9 [) ~8 j
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)' W* B$ ~4 e$ U5 \6 I9 L* i. D
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)' T3 y; S7 f4 T; w
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.' ]( {8 q* e: b" Z. P
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
" s! t  c" ^$ a- H$ ^% X) _也指真正的热狗食物:% v8 {. H: q' t
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.2 |& R% \" a2 `
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
, P+ S! e3 B: z9 j也可表达欣赏的心情:
: d6 o1 a4 o0 _* S. pHot dog ! What great news for me.
; \  g  @9 _. V! ~* V9 i, ?9 M(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
. y, w# k) v8 f  P(8)eager beaver:# n8 D5 t$ B, o1 e2 u: O. ?$ C
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% ]! t3 c' ?2 f; {0 U. V3 R
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
0 s/ \% F( c/ z# v(当名词用,可指男女)# U* w9 J2 W3 g$ `) E
例如:6 S( @+ c, `* d# Q: ?1 F1 V
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
1 G% r5 X7 u( ]% \% T(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
) b$ A1 Z9 m1 A7 X1 a2 \/ nBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
6 v2 x! q% v1 o+ ]1 `& P3 N1 {(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)1 k3 e. r8 e# u% u
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?( A! t" X+ a7 N5 j- V9 x
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
1 N* o4 \( E7 c4 W9 e: f* JYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
" l: l1 r( F0 i2 b$ Q(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)/ @' t9 v( c% `7 U) \+ {7 p
(9)doubting Thomas:
. j8 |/ V  M3 i) |7 {* J这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
8 P9 C! m$ S% M( {; J" c(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): p# s  @  k8 D3 V$ P: P3 B4 r% y" ?, G
(当名词用)* Q. h& N' i/ {# e5 q
例如:3 J* M* u4 v/ U7 r& d: h' r, p! i
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.6 [1 U# d8 ]6 J% ?
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)' y5 |  e! _; j# ^4 @0 ]
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas., L8 A5 X* s5 m( u( k
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" |. v2 l/ k8 ?2 P* ^0 {6 i- I
也可用复数:2 o) ]2 _/ }5 O+ t
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.! |+ H0 J8 @% F) i! Z# D
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
' i0 _7 F! ^" {: N! b+ C* qIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
5 S1 d& e+ t% C1 Q5 M  @  l8 P(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
' g' {+ I/ e4 n2 k$ z4 U. n(10)dragon lady:
+ W1 v- L, ]* @. {8 z- T$ j指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
$ D4 M4 R4 o" v8 T5 W( t例如:
% e  H1 @  P% |& G1 XThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady./ ~, W3 j, b( k" T: t+ Z5 f) ]
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)- _* {0 x+ D# Q" Y; J* q7 _8 P; |
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady." c1 _! C) a& L: e0 S" P
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
  `* o9 {6 j! @* e4 x6 ~Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
  o: b; g' f" B. k7 e1 K(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
- R  t6 ^: |% w* v; k/ Q: Q9 b" r也可用复数:( R2 B' V" Y+ Z- t* a' T+ s( }
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.! X+ D, Z) m# |! |4 T/ H
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
4 c) Y) z2 P5 m/ Z. |% O# T注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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