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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语1 Z* E) h7 W3 e, T

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6 g" t0 E* ^3 G在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
4 g, w  r! o3 F6 H5 j9 ]" p之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
6 t6 r5 R/ x+ N& G+ D7 c若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!: [5 u' ^5 e$ P( u' N& J3 p! |
  S1 ]% M, R# b, Y0 t7 ~4 H8 n) Z
(1) empty suit:
7 f. I: Q8 E0 R指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。! x0 J. G) R& q1 Y8 d" g
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
( u3 o+ K9 U4 u1 h6 O; S例如:
; q& w. I5 N( G/ B3 |An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 i: @: k% i+ d- p+ w! L(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
6 W- Z$ H9 F+ m0 q# t8 fMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
/ `6 Q7 J6 u( a9 E% Z(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)' V: ~4 @8 N" _* D' r* I; @: y
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
) A& Y; T! G' g5 r# `+ oThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
8 L; m  A: m, L/ w) {(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
8 L6 @# a1 B; x7 A( V9 q(2) fair-haired boy:
# [/ w- n% F$ s( {指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man), L+ O8 X5 d% ]+ l* x7 d4 V9 x. o
(通常用单数,当名词用)
3 B9 n6 o) X  N& R! y" @# b) m! p: ^例如:) h4 ]9 ]+ u$ Y5 z8 B
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.! @" c1 F# S5 Q2 y" ?
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)* W; k. H( ?' ^
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.; j  |7 P4 @' }" ~) c
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
, R+ g; u& }2 _% `- n% y% p有时也可用复数:: z; `& n. n2 @2 ~# ^
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
" o" T6 P! }0 {/ h1 ^(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
, O- k8 G) l( F5 V; XFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses., e1 W$ s* f7 m. j0 j8 Z7 e
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
+ i, G6 A" z5 v9 C2 B9 N+ R9 [* W(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)  l4 _( R# [0 ?4 b
(3) fishing expedition:
2 ?* g+ S$ D  L6 X6 f) J5 g1 e为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)' I% {; O' z, J( |
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
% N' w( O5 c+ T2 r例如:" n6 v* l" p9 h/ \: X5 Z; `! \
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
9 ^9 R9 z2 i8 q- j4 ](法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)5 M' J0 q7 Y" k7 M% L
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
5 h0 }3 k, g# _/ F7 J/ H1 l(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
1 K- S1 Z: E& o- B- }* b! E3 j% q(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
  ], k0 P! U  ^0 j5 i- U* X! bThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.' R9 C( P5 N7 c' J- {
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)/ U8 F. `4 o- z8 T
偶尔也有人用复数:
6 R3 e2 n6 V0 r) |+ P6 [7 TSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.: q8 V3 P/ C4 v8 G3 S# a- H3 a
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
) e( A* o9 P" H& E! |. j* J(4) filthy rich:
* |! I" a2 d3 b  ?# a3 m$ r1 Y5 i; a意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
2 J' R: X3 s, h' R+ w+ z* s(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)% P% }1 z" E% x8 w. p: o
多半当形容词用。例如:+ u8 e# ~6 f. U7 W+ \
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.: v4 E0 w/ g- g$ Q8 o! D3 H; \, h
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
4 D4 h7 R8 U0 iDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way." v5 K4 ~3 [  E3 C$ l
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)8 @* C( s2 r0 t/ @- `/ u1 C" G2 [
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.# j! I2 r$ h7 M8 V* W3 C
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)7 w- N  \+ i  n4 U. o4 a
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
  \: u% C1 W+ k8 W/ G(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
7 p; H$ u+ A% Q5 W(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)0 v1 ~, W( l6 B) x1 }8 _
(5) fairy godmother:
9 G1 L4 J/ M, X7 ^指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
  Z' @! _" E% x) l7 t* @1 h(多半指有钱的女人)' t% ]0 g2 J7 ^/ r5 ]
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
, u5 _1 `$ ?. c" G3 f: d+ fMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
1 F% o2 l9 H; ]- R3 D(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)3 A; F+ C  `* u. ]- Y$ Q
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.; k0 b7 Q% p& R6 J/ ]3 X
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 _/ ^; ~' `. ~$ Q4 {" J* Y
有时也用复数:5 E  ]; v+ ~: Y+ J; q% z3 l# R
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
) n" A2 V/ Z  J2 v; J(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
# A0 }8 w5 u5 a8 ]In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
: Y8 m) [; _% @4 L/ f: S% Y(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)( O- ]% v1 k) W& l- y, N# a
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6)eye opener:8 w7 U# O* Y" g$ G) M( b1 x. o
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
6 z% h& C7 R& S* o+ C. e(当名词用;通常只用单数)0 Q. T8 [( ]5 J! Y2 c
例如:
" ^- k  Q' u$ ]4 }2 V; Z9 Z  j# GYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.- P. [$ e$ I# x: ^3 t3 V! Y
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
4 F5 `- R) X# Z5 l& |+ o- VMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.% Y, f6 p, G$ |- I5 S: u6 w
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)+ W4 n' j4 o) C# h0 d
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
9 F! i& }1 S. s  ^(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
- D  Q5 P7 A+ G/ ^$ oSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
8 `6 v2 j# f& ?  k(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)# w0 {- m; S  n1 N. o5 h
(7) hot dog:
( S% l* m5 c: V% x7 c6 P指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)3 }- n5 b- ]7 @( ]# ^) \& {
例如:
' O5 b3 K) y+ f, ]: z0 RSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 |2 h& W% K6 Y/ k2 t& g6 P
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
2 Q$ C6 q  j! y6 A, W& N, f2 v(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)3 k& ^$ {* y. E. m
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.+ p+ q9 N0 W" q& P4 ]
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。). m0 z: Y+ o; U4 n% \
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
$ b9 }/ b% G5 M7 CDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
% s" |7 l7 ?4 r. s: S(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
1 F- ?* j+ G: }0 U: [5 l也指真正的热狗食物:
8 @1 v( |* _4 G. {The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.# b) g0 m/ ]+ W2 ~( U2 T
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)  T9 A! Z, s  J  K' Q+ b
也可表达欣赏的心情:, U* d- w1 Y1 Q, |. B# l
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
- T4 d/ d$ H9 s$ s$ A+ q! B) Q% ?(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
/ ]9 b) L+ I3 @. B2 i7 e4 S4 L(8)eager beaver:
" _4 J+ U: D2 E3 D! j5 C  q* \指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
- P% L% W2 }+ \1 ?1 G(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
) g0 ], ^4 y9 a- `7 e( h: W(当名词用,可指男女)
) U3 P# Q7 \2 c! z- C, r9 L例如:' g/ i6 L5 B- u. j' l5 T7 C
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
4 _! L+ T+ Y0 V9 k- h(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
, F0 X* D) w. W# E2 q. gBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues." o! b. f3 O! _8 t- i/ J9 @
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
/ W, R6 `' w( w/ kDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?8 s% |8 J4 s9 C8 }  j
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
% O. ^* C; W* lYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
( Z7 k$ q7 u9 Z$ n9 T6 W(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)6 x" B3 J1 |! F; d; R
(9)doubting Thomas:
: C; @, X; V6 d$ O这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
1 p, ~+ r! l% N(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): g2 ^4 w6 z4 H. F! o2 l
(当名词用)
/ S. `3 Z+ e" n  s- d: k例如:' K3 L; t0 E7 L4 y  q
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
* l- s7 m1 [8 @5 m# {(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)1 O  z/ Z7 [. P: s% j, \) T6 A
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.. V* }% J9 m" |7 L9 S* I4 c) E% o1 j
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)( v9 t3 y- D: K
也可用复数:# H4 t# |  S! Z' T- Z+ p
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
8 s* I5 t/ |$ V# e(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)' [3 d. f& E* R# v2 X* l8 j
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
  {9 Z" ^5 [; _(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)9 {9 p/ y( V3 ?  l+ a
(10)dragon lady:( O" q, @1 H2 G1 p) n& |; N4 o
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
& k$ d1 j. V; V1 f+ N4 L例如:% g+ @, i8 M9 |! _0 T  i  `
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
6 Y0 R- a3 p" ]( M(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
! x9 X7 ]% R' {$ G) p: EI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
6 k5 w: P' \6 F- n& W1 _; J6 l(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
9 G" ^) c7 S# {2 ^Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
( q( r3 g* n8 @) D; K8 J(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)! X4 W+ w3 m8 n( T: d1 W
也可用复数:: T: M  p5 g4 Q7 Q( R: L
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
, x: D  u: y* E% C" J: r; M(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
. E# a0 K7 h% Y6 r; d注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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