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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语' k) Y  G5 ?5 H( S1 d

% O6 i) w/ C" l4 ~! ?" F
* U5 y) x$ L, W* J  h在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯& u# s/ \7 z6 s+ B+ E
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
5 V$ F$ j: n3 [若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!+ W0 E; p) `# W2 z/ Q! F' }+ Z
$ z* l: `5 [! S$ [
(1) empty suit:) M) k3 I* W# K- e) K7 V
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。1 D9 i0 y& x1 J- r; ?% R; b( H) C
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)( n/ I% a) D8 y0 F6 d% q
例如:) @% s5 s* [4 h* B
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." |/ S8 t) j! q' i! z- S( j
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: a  |8 ~& }1 n4 {4 uMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.( Q; `- ^) T" f) c" k
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)9 ^( w2 c8 B2 k* S
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
2 b' P+ T8 h8 p' W6 N6 yThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.6 m* _6 N2 Y0 h
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
, J4 S$ K( ~% d5 d! a5 K(2) fair-haired boy:' h. p+ \: g, e. X+ t( e# f- x
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man): R0 r6 B4 ]' C7 }) W, A  ^
(通常用单数,当名词用)
* ~, y5 }! ]. E- O* r例如:& W1 e9 K+ y, u, Y! u
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
* G+ e! O( I) T& ^$ g% K5 a( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。); D8 f) l9 y: s3 b$ \# _
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.0 s4 c1 p: {( @& a9 S; D
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
/ N3 f( c; v8 N- l. g, C有时也可用复数:# L% c0 _4 ^& {4 V7 _, k
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
, a2 Y# F2 v& S. D6 z(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
' @! L5 M. S5 Q! H; F, ]Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
8 h+ e# D% p- p8 p! C9 s(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)2 A' ~9 \& T$ v) U2 F& g
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)9 p0 S4 y/ W1 E2 p0 f& J7 O
(3) fishing expedition:8 q5 h5 u& B( X* H- Q9 q
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)& ?! W1 d3 L8 Q5 {2 Z2 D# ?: K
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数); o( G4 m) E: e& }
例如:
( i3 v4 X/ ^$ F' P+ x) |2 Y2 X6 QThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
: C7 K; G6 l/ P/ W' F+ E" V) C(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)6 z. q, `2 I* z3 U1 t
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
/ B3 |2 k6 ~* a1 Y) x/ n3 Q(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)* Q* L0 Y* k0 x' i/ g
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
( g1 r) p9 f  ]" {* @  t7 U' J8 WThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
7 e$ q9 s+ c: G9 `5 s6 b(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)5 S2 {6 A: S$ K& T) y0 J
偶尔也有人用复数:& b6 m" M) l$ q7 E
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
4 {! e  \0 j/ T( h  A(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
  i* G& e: k8 \6 g+ S) d  B6 n(4) filthy rich:
8 q0 f0 D5 n. A意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)( x/ l8 \0 J/ C% n0 y
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
% n* m. Y/ r3 c1 {多半当形容词用。例如:8 |# I6 s7 o4 |  g6 s0 P8 k
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.$ c1 f5 s# T- l4 T% |
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)% R* y2 r, z5 X( R& }8 ^' i
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
. g! t, `# g+ T7 c* Z(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)/ x9 w. E. R; E4 p" j
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
6 [9 s5 E5 v6 k" F* v/ L(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: ^! _9 p' W% w4 R$ T/ TFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.- w' \: E' e9 S. b* G
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
& u, O" D3 W. r(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
  h3 Q4 {6 c  s/ H! h% x2 T(5) fairy godmother:
: ]$ X# p! n; m) T指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
  h. Z: y# a$ O# p$ e, z5 c) B(多半指有钱的女人)
: [( i6 Z' `$ b) b0 ?7 b% I! P$ V4 O(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
) i5 i0 a/ y; B7 XMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.$ c$ X1 f4 q2 ?; @* z' l
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
$ H0 d& ?! j6 \: ^1 vAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ ^0 w( A0 w. p: w2 |. @/ d' k: `(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
. o! F8 G$ `4 h5 k$ u2 A9 p/ d7 [有时也用复数:
0 i+ q. W+ X1 J  AOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
& }. g& |; ^: [, C5 ^(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
" ?5 c  }7 n# `" @, VIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.$ y; a* |" S. B- Y
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)+ T9 W. x- C+ B( Z- U+ Z
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1 [7 ?+ {5 w; m) P, {* Y/ g* W; D6)eye opener:
# Y- A8 Z+ C" J/ h! V6 o( r指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
& I- z. H+ E" F6 z+ {% y(当名词用;通常只用单数)
* Q& @  P7 Y( w3 R$ |: g- B' y例如:
3 j; z0 Y6 ^5 w$ s3 k( w6 m% hYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
0 ~( D$ m4 m0 [* ]0 [# o" ^(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
1 C( w5 q/ v5 S" OMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
; G- k- c0 C7 T' \5 a- I6 M- W(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
2 s( D% x" i# ZThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.% o' y0 |0 b! d2 P
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
5 k0 {% n+ }+ y, ?9 F9 @2 z5 q* P: ~Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.# k. d' a$ u9 Y, x$ o' b9 s
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
9 u5 c6 f) W. N6 N; J(7) hot dog:0 h9 F4 x4 I; {2 ~
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
0 w. w1 n) Q0 _- |, ?例如:* Q4 s; Y5 d8 Y! a4 @: X- n9 [) [& V+ V
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
) w5 B5 B: J2 j(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)3 `7 o, U; {! f% Q
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)) c) K6 y* y5 c+ R. r9 F2 k: A
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
" Y& B! m% Z" A+ ~! C  l(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
  B1 u  D1 Z. B4 z- K, m' x3 S" `, ]5 y' G(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)# L# W. w# l) A. N  b& n$ B
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
/ O  }& x+ d# W(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
. e8 L- l, C3 H( \4 \- q* r; L也指真正的热狗食物:
0 w1 G/ M/ `! SThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.* E2 ]+ O: l/ M# u' i4 o6 K# Q
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
$ O5 K6 m2 L. L) V* E, `* ^8 ?也可表达欣赏的心情:. C# u+ B: ~$ D3 q0 L9 I
Hot dog ! What great news for me.! |# H2 t$ i6 e7 [, ]+ M
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)4 u3 \4 K' g# u6 A/ z, E: X& m, E
(8)eager beaver:: W3 R% K( G3 O% X% ^- c) i/ d
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)/ X: r/ q! W) E' r
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)2 e3 t2 U0 A2 z9 K+ B
(当名词用,可指男女)
# W! X7 z. c2 h4 g* [' U例如:
! N, o. z0 m  @5 l7 L( kJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.: t8 s% B) p5 w9 i9 T8 f3 s
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
, o1 X, ^3 ^/ jBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.& U- _1 U7 Z3 S7 p- `
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
, k4 q$ v# ^7 `+ [% IDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
5 l  Z3 ^0 s. V(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
- d0 ?9 R% |8 D9 I$ E- YYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.  Q8 @! _2 ]& |4 g' l% m
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
. K" \2 E4 Q0 V% P(9)doubting Thomas:9 Z7 }5 e$ o- I: }/ o9 \
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)! \  |- z% p+ S! G' u+ Z) ]  f
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)- H3 a5 f1 a) e
(当名词用)
5 Q) T8 h/ M( {: X9 ?4 i8 j( C, I例如:
; }. O: F5 H& @, x$ a. M1 wI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
: [1 d7 R9 A9 g/ {; X! j1 Y- ~(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( n) t2 ?% @, }) h2 @There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.2 L# d& X) r  T( _
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)7 r) u+ H7 C6 k$ j$ C! Z
也可用复数:, L# ~0 [5 |& E' P( X8 ]
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.! x  Y2 }" P' Q. l5 H( Y* C
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)4 K8 m! |! S; [! J4 B1 G
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.& O' z4 E% L$ b, }9 b5 e/ s
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
* _, O. L; K6 E) U6 y; b6 y5 D(10)dragon lady:+ N5 @( H. ^0 |" W* ?
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)0 X1 e$ [& q- {' x. l, }8 }
例如:
4 u2 @4 h# Z6 h9 S- O& X- R  n5 LThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
8 d) i/ j1 x* D! _(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 f  h5 s: q1 ]6 J$ C/ r+ EI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.  Z! y. c2 Y, d& M3 q
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)) r- A8 l7 Z- a( i% d
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?+ }9 _4 }" _; S4 [9 w% q& ?+ `9 Y2 r
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
1 v# K% j% a' c# j. w' @* |( i也可用复数:
) d  ~1 ]2 a! l7 i6 \. H4 ^There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
0 \. ~, C( B5 w, t4 p( e(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)7 y, s) Z4 c6 a
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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