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谈英语俚语5 z" R1 x0 C# F7 Z5 W3 G" ?- v
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
$ W( c# @( o4 M( H1 ~3 X之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
" j* \" H/ N/ v2 z- n- B$ }若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益! D% W9 W% o7 P2 x8 @+ H, x8 d' T
% ~( T4 J$ E2 E9 D' D% a4 _(1) empty suit:
- H5 S% h/ l% S2 ?) ]) \指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。. a7 s( D$ \5 X' W5 m
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)( \* p- a% R( F+ n! \
例如:+ r8 T9 Q6 \) Q2 t
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
5 z1 h1 M) i, i( k" `7 v+ Y2 e(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
$ U! C; ?8 h/ O) _- ?Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
) V: H [! j, ?0 ^& S8 L7 W(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)) f' ` d5 T6 P; D
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
" ?) L; G# K O8 D, z) BThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
: {' X' A7 s0 I" J" ~) O(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
5 |# M$ u- @9 ?$ J5 X' f0 d" w(2) fair-haired boy:" t, u5 K2 {8 x3 F; f k5 w
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)8 M, @4 z- V# g( y+ g4 d
(通常用单数,当名词用)% H2 n- c5 R9 W3 [6 }! U" S; i; W
例如:
! h. M u% K7 U$ s2 yMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.0 I# c: [7 @& _+ x
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
9 Y* F! `; l1 B8 ?/ ]7 y7 g2 sNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.( E6 B' x% u, P# _: m, N
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)5 a0 H7 V; S# [) ^
有时也可用复数:
. {' I) b5 M9 u; g4 k( ?7 l5 A8 RMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 h6 |8 R# W4 Y! g# Q6 x5 l(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)# l( Y& [, o- \+ m
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
8 i7 p' A6 D, c( q [6 R+ v- h0 {(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。) x! O1 G$ e8 R0 r! T9 P1 D
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
$ X3 |, q) |: C7 z, ]2 \# |(3) fishing expedition:
- z8 P4 }) E8 y0 ^为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information). P% T8 F L# E3 w! ~7 {7 f
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)+ S- c4 H9 z6 |/ r7 ]0 ~: H
例如:! w% l0 U) Y7 q6 ? d* H, Y
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
* ~. A7 e4 E! R( B" j1 S! y(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
4 Z1 V. u% u2 QThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.* S( s' ^8 I( l m. P2 c
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)$ a3 v( }2 S4 p- d/ f0 ?( p4 X
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)% c. O2 J0 n2 f+ s
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; z8 G/ v$ K' _# Y(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)( a4 |" h) K. m9 J
偶尔也有人用复数:$ T* e; }2 f9 i6 t6 ~9 ~. |! X* g9 D
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
m" P* Q' }: A n6 _* E1 S(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)2 `. M! V6 f& C" w: A9 C
(4) filthy rich:
) s: C! l( o% H l0 P意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)# C- |2 ]7 \& t8 o+ ]
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
& q& p7 ~ S4 ?多半当形容词用。例如:
5 a3 M) B7 f; nWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.0 h9 F$ R! p& ^* c7 K, _
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)* F( d. S8 n9 ?, A* B
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
$ j3 R7 v) c7 K+ K( }# C7 [3 y) o(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)& p, V- O5 [6 Q7 H# C$ `. F
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
5 ?& e! X f. A3 z" T/ m* r(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: g$ e- Z$ b5 q% ]9 {* r; [. TFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.# j1 x5 E5 A) k2 x: z
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
3 x# J0 U$ k- U/ ]( M(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
% Z+ s5 e4 f3 v, e(5) fairy godmother:5 s/ i1 P. K& s" X4 |: H- n
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)6 e# Q4 T# L: V9 [
(多半指有钱的女人)
* Q5 j' p9 ~* r4 G2 e: k7 d' ?) s(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
) V$ \7 y* C- K% VMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.( S$ ~3 o0 M( R6 F c( O
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
! l* @; U0 Y2 y9 f( p' XAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother. T0 T9 N2 I8 T
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)' t! @! u- `7 |6 u5 ?8 D
有时也用复数:3 B |! n1 R/ c: x f
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
( ~5 i) n! u5 k3 |(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), L3 B9 Y& l& ?; q
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
0 ~1 I; A. r$ z2 Y( r9 v(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)+ @7 i. W( D. a+ S8 N
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6)eye opener:
7 D% k, d4 {. P8 }& |7 h+ j指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
1 h: n6 Y1 P% T& t0 R7 D(当名词用;通常只用单数)
9 A* M G$ o f% V6 f, ]$ M例如:
0 w: q$ h' S# |5 |7 \Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." T+ @; F P5 T! a9 o# ?
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
& y0 G% ~' V4 \5 ]6 l3 b8 qMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
; a2 B* p# i% }5 c+ `$ A$ D( u. E(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)# _% e, ~" p$ D4 P
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
3 i/ }8 X) R( s(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 R0 T3 d% r% CSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
; V+ `/ D* Y( ^# z* e(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)( D9 ?9 g6 O( n8 |
(7) hot dog:
9 L+ q; x9 t- u$ g指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用). Q& _$ x4 I* v. ]: E$ A
例如:5 X+ F# N1 C! L, @9 x h
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! ?2 m: t9 ^! O: O
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)1 r( H: ^$ t6 _2 d) n+ ?; Q. R
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers). j. w1 W( e! l. D$ [; q5 P
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog./ r5 f% v( i m6 X* Z
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
) L/ q; \- n' g+ G4 v(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
- j- m2 S5 _, k% G+ Y& V* eDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.) Y" [1 ~4 F5 @2 ^ n# {
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)0 U# Q7 p/ `. ~ D; d
也指真正的热狗食物:
; m2 U2 J, _) k6 QThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.% O+ g0 t( h1 Q4 R7 C
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)% n$ g& f. y: q7 I$ j$ ]
也可表达欣赏的心情:# h* ?, Q8 m2 L( u, \+ c, B/ e
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
, |! Y N. s/ B& E- \; O& h(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)0 @9 w2 H9 s# b2 ^# _2 r, ?8 O
(8)eager beaver:
& `/ n4 a) F6 U) `" `% K指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! y) L* f1 t5 G. U: @9 P(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)/ p: K2 |% ?1 H" R; @
(当名词用,可指男女)2 [, {. {+ C& V) ~# {" s0 `/ \
例如:
6 T- }8 b' c) I. E' OJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
3 A; C7 \) ~+ f6 v2 U0 S( W(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)* R& o* Z9 y4 ~" H
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.- a4 @& s) I V
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
; x: H# @; b" B9 ^0 IDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?: U' q' I/ ~) N
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
7 }4 D" e( t* c, fYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.7 E, Q8 x! r w% S0 h3 ^
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
3 T% T+ T- ?! P7 L k(9)doubting Thomas:7 G7 Z7 j8 Y, O( F
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
& Z0 m- c% q$ b) d(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 G+ ]! ^) Q* e& k# c" ]: w8 D5 @(当名词用)
1 o! @1 D0 [3 o+ m( r# e K5 [* k例如:
. r6 |$ N L5 j R) }2 k) vI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
0 L/ X) z# |. P# N$ E(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)4 P( i; L1 I0 N' X% \$ |
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
, l/ W! D; `! P" b(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)1 o9 l1 m: D. }# r# f4 Y2 M% c3 C2 z2 H
也可用复数:
2 ?- M S4 d- pMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
& H' |! t _0 f2 i1 M% ~(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
( _ ?7 l/ p( C t- B; }1 F4 a# uIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
& ^7 f, X% ]: v: t( w+ H" a(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
- ^0 s1 @3 q: ^) n' Y3 ~* E(10)dragon lady:
0 x. x4 x/ C, N$ }) p# b0 I指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)6 E4 Y& N- Q+ ` L+ ^+ B7 ^
例如:0 Y3 S7 [8 M. }' W( D; \
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
: l* |8 @& d: `- B9 h(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
[( E0 O _6 [- M8 c, oI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
( f) N J; C% L(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)2 p8 a' x/ L' O( [
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?& ]. a( C' y4 `$ R, N
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
' @( R b# }) ^8 M也可用复数: q/ P& x) [0 |; H# X1 R6 Z
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
3 ~/ B7 o# K& N(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)/ f k8 M) p- ?( z* P* O$ c
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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