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How to figure a home's fundamental value: f! A3 _; V0 u5 c6 N& L+ ^, @; Y
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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: U! ~2 X1 ^; {Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently." l/ J* x* N/ i, @
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.4 ^* `" p9 ~. c, h/ J( P9 U
# x8 t C% U* z- o* |) u7 u s7 LSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.* n* B0 h P8 n0 d
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
/ u) L1 |& D0 ?) O: {New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
$ U% M* Z6 U8 VYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. , l! q" I/ q8 z# c2 V
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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- m" Z) P+ P `' h Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
: @% @3 t/ W5 J3 V2 i" q" L! S Avg. 1988-2000 2001 . C. ~- l% S* }2 f$ |2 t
Boston 20.5 30.2
0 x% j V( I, y- ]1 cSan Diego 22.8 29.7
2 R9 p Z9 j! p, t2 USan Francisco 23.8 27.2
' a! G a; c1 c9 p: RLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 ' C6 B" O: a- v$ U# d& p
Seattle 20.4 25
+ A9 x: j2 ^: ?4 Q ]Denver 17.7 23.7 . _! d: A# R+ X) h: Y ^ a' ~
New York 21.2 22.5 - s. n% G, _. h7 t* R
Chicago 17.2 20.8 9 t2 ]7 Z- A- e1 c* ?4 D! T2 [: ?# b
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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' y% Z6 s, L2 L! ]( d4 |6 t, s& Y) g) `It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.( Z- M/ Z3 s3 `( y3 B7 L
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. N; C7 o$ t/ e8 p- p( qFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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