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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 & ?9 b2 `, y$ J6 S# J
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688! p- Y. r5 c! ]& E" R
5 ~: @4 h0 p- t7 p5 \6 zJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China4 F" Z: a+ O$ h, m2 T8 ^
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of% j4 K4 b. ? e3 c5 g7 `
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
% K+ W/ @/ v, E" o3 NFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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$ W. X- @+ h- wSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
8 D4 I8 V+ l3 m6 {Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20184 e# d# k, H2 o5 z
Published online 26 January 2018& u7 X% ` c$ E6 F/ j, x
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5 e4 o! m+ q1 [6 jAbstract
- h! P& V2 b0 V8 c0 kJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing0 V: ^) J, D$ ~$ d& `/ Q/ z
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The* q( ?: c+ E1 f2 C" W
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
. A: b; k: B- D) y# D; F3 cengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not# t+ G& r& G4 T/ u: X' g" A* I5 g
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 d$ U' _4 ^" T+ @5 p1 }/ Gworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
( n# v4 s8 |' V5 L r9 {to the standardization of the scientific terminology% M- c) }6 j d$ J H6 A
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s' k9 z( A0 C- G6 ^
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
; K4 {6 g$ V7 P" v7 Nand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
1 K, w+ j6 q) E& z1 T# |* f5 O0 A3 Tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
% f3 D! e, E+ T% }' h2 V7 O* ~4 Nin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien& m# X- I- B4 ]! K, _; `4 W& i
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, ?6 s( Q4 f8 t: \) ]% s& _# @+ N; q4 @of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
6 D4 d% s( _' @! c9 bthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
: O1 _1 c2 q- lfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and0 N5 ?: Y$ c& Y; m: K" b
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a6 N `( a( G$ g
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
* e* h4 u! T) l! s4 ~' Sterminology.) t2 ]' Q2 B. U( o6 c
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;- X& `8 j" u0 }9 [) ^) \4 F
Standardization of terminology translation! N: j3 f* U, e. H6 G9 I) X) S
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to |1 g3 B- }- u2 {: }% t4 N3 z
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 m. e2 m! P/ {- k/ Y; JChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available0 d1 d: Y1 g. w' f
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
5 f0 n7 G2 R/ y0 }" G pDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( n( O3 b5 i; |7 oINTRODUCTION
$ T; f- ?1 V) r0 s: d5 y, jJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and8 B9 l1 c$ u k$ J
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).3 I2 h5 x1 A; A5 ]7 e
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
0 x5 R- M# a$ Q: Z; |$ i- V+ |- _Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of2 p' o. F& Q+ g0 S& f0 R
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
" h k& S5 V) v% K* Bby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as/ S/ H, H1 ^# U: z# h& L6 r
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
& S+ ?+ o* k, q; q/ ~, y- Hhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-# b% X# l( w1 j6 Y+ X+ z
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
# O _+ h: l! ?# J0 F" D fworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,+ s: c8 A# ?( G9 F1 I
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction., x9 | ?0 H+ f N0 `1 j
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated! J0 J+ p4 k% G! I8 K! z( K( a
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant/ c8 C. {5 q5 }& w& l' v7 u- ?
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,9 M7 Z6 q. ^! L+ n) q' K
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,* o# t$ f. e: y' T' B8 |' Q2 h# C
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
9 w: c1 X* e' W* j6 q& zbooks that made him the most productive one among the; j: {" q7 Z4 w: X3 M/ Q3 ]" j! s
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
) ]: e3 E3 Z- d' b( Q1 Atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a0 C+ J0 H, b( C8 i8 B8 z6 Z# p
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
# V* ]4 G; `; }- Z) Opeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).& j6 z) w9 E7 S7 y
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
5 s) |# w4 F! h# qalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western- u- k- T3 e( P3 _- Y
science and the standardization of translated scientific; r/ o+ W3 h+ ?0 a/ h1 E
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
2 {. e8 e/ B* T+ e: Pmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
' T2 F( {7 a( [5 ~! Hestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
; \0 P, t7 _+ d* V+ y: A! D! Wcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
! f- V5 U5 q2 M' H' n/ e! T. pof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
; K: ]. ]& R: G. W9 H* O9 UModern China.
" n. ^5 d H! O% i2 ?An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
7 P* t# U7 n& o$ y# k, ~! xThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
8 [' @) {' f/ x# k% Q( ctravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing* J/ y" p) S6 }, g; }6 M
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In7 I$ H( q$ Q: _/ V5 ?
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and* K& a M4 K' H8 j' d
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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