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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 % m" ?- n+ Y' K0 m# H3 t
6 x h( ]4 K0 c: _" f2 ^http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688! O9 u N; R, }1 m# q3 Z: j
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
: a* w: Q9 i* c CYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of8 }" @9 T+ g/ G; p0 b# d* b
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.4 t8 e1 v: E+ i0 B, w
* r1 k! |6 L$ n% ?; B1 M9 x- eLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* s: a, h) | x m
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.( p4 o5 e# |( H8 f/ I% f6 h0 `
" [* }9 g* K$ M0 P$ D" j8 j/ GSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .; |- {; z& M3 o
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
6 n! \. F* o lPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract1 [$ H& I, G! t& @! }2 O
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
6 e4 j/ F5 E! u: Z HDynasty who came to China and was employed by The& a! {% i. m V0 z6 S
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been; s; F2 L; `3 l) J C
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
! ~! U( } D& ^" Eonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
" Q7 K5 a `6 y2 s% r7 k$ \7 _' x3 X( gworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
5 `% a9 k- j x9 M9 Qto the standardization of the scientific terminology
2 F" O0 u1 S0 Q4 Ntranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s( ~0 q' p9 k/ s9 W2 P) [- ]" @* S. x
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,5 n$ Q) d: L' n% p
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
3 V- s3 c) C6 v3 R: t( H: [' Fstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
9 f/ _5 u" A5 z8 O1 [' C2 rin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
% t6 J1 G, L8 L! r) `he established had helped greatly with the popularization& Q8 j' g( S5 \4 @6 Y- M, V& m
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring N7 r0 Z3 X5 f" Z0 E1 |6 r
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
& J0 a3 u% J% T2 W' ~for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
( ]0 e& l! l$ T5 R6 o' ythat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a3 _3 W4 K7 ~& u* d* }- m/ o# V! |2 U
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
' P% e! y* @* t1 t2 Eterminology.+ m2 r! W- F. E- c( _
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;' E P; U3 Y+ D4 o: ~2 f. p" T7 K
Standardization of terminology translation
; V9 A4 Z2 Y2 a7 b$ zYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to" w$ U9 t/ t! h$ Q
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern; x _! m# N _/ C% P% x
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available! f" y4 I4 H+ J8 u4 s& v! A$ Z/ ]
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102135 w4 h# P. k- o* h) R
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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1 G, L8 M7 f$ b# J8 VINTRODUCTION; e4 M1 J$ j' G7 T
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and4 [: w O: t: M& z
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).3 ~" V2 D4 R2 e2 m6 n8 O
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to( V& \! Q8 I* R
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
) W( M5 T2 P) QSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed" T; U9 K4 ^1 x. q
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
/ ^1 o" k% a" f6 v8 R8 wan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on/ w6 w' j6 s4 |$ F* S* K7 f
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
: {5 O1 m" v- ?: T1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
* ]1 C/ g9 I9 O. a) P1 X! o# {works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,9 {+ A) w$ o6 X m1 o
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
; T" j7 Q6 _. R3 H3 @$ q' n* QNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
! E1 l# U v: `0 Lto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant( M2 v I1 r/ @% a
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,: k8 I* w- b5 F
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
& J/ }) Q) m$ _. U+ W/ C& _# {Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
( q( C8 Q! x4 m3 a+ U1 Abooks that made him the most productive one among the4 }+ F2 e; z9 p& V4 j
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
5 r$ X- s$ O+ ~) Y9 J+ y/ |; ktranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a, w. P# z4 P; j) Y! j* {
noble work which could help accelerate the process of' r& k: X: s3 a- [
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
) n9 c& W/ D" F$ J2 C) I1 cIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer8 W9 {2 ?! A' W8 u9 L
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western# C! y4 C9 N2 l; n8 W5 X) ^
science and the standardization of translated scientific, d. J6 e$ r1 X4 E& T1 m( m7 b& a! U7 M
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific1 U& H# j! n9 }% c! |
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& ?4 a& {% r' \, l% e4 _
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
. P6 J* L. e4 |1 C8 f/ l& L7 ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series5 a$ ?7 m+ h, a+ M
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in, m" t/ A( P6 O N2 ?" r
Modern China.( V+ E5 L$ S# T2 F
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published7 T2 P( g' Y+ x. l) C
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
8 @6 b! h, e' }% ^* h2 |+ ]3 ~. ^! Dtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
& {9 A+ a" x4 v5 K% H' aa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
0 p- o0 p j9 }: _John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and0 m2 E; u) l3 w" ~2 Q( J
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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