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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 1 p5 x( I- S7 Y. I, v
f& b9 S- z" R1 b, D4 _9 f- T2 mhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
9 d* M# L! G& w" \( D! AYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of1 P3 x0 ^4 z3 A/ M/ H( ^. \
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
6 X% f! f, V/ F" m8 a* {3 k6 \+ r, s- v+ U3 V3 c$ @
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
- u' }$ f. e5 D4 ~6 U& i- O) g$ k# ^Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
# Y* O. }. L3 x+ L
3 R0 W, t, K9 C* ^Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
+ M% _: m* ?/ }! FReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
( e: i6 `( J/ m! X% q* n& fPublished online 26 January 2018# A* Z! k2 W! ?6 q' d; F7 q# [
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Abstract6 \ @8 Y/ |. p) O& G& \2 F
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
+ i+ i* h8 q# {2 q/ U sDynasty who came to China and was employed by The D9 R, N, [( h" G
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
- P1 R ?/ u/ I3 E# g5 I) l; sengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
0 S0 F+ _ b# e. c' N( jonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
" h, k, c' c" E" B" e2 Wworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly+ f* t2 [2 p9 c3 [
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
+ j8 |1 _" p# k+ mtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s* Z: d0 p' e# `
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,4 Z7 f+ H0 q+ }+ l, L$ g
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the$ H3 [$ m/ n6 Q5 p$ \1 f. o6 C) S
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
0 |9 m9 A2 x6 M' }0 _in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
; |* ~: |/ h2 B$ i Ahe established had helped greatly with the popularization
, q' C, r# [+ L/ h; }of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring- ]2 S: Y6 w0 ^$ ^
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
* h3 d, f3 |( J& ~# }5 ]for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and z( H% e+ e+ d; B2 k/ _: V
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
, ]+ I( @* C. I4 {/ H9 S* Zgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
% |- r$ k& _3 P' W2 Eterminology.
" h( P. j V8 N' u& \; kKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
1 C) o2 b3 ?6 e* }" U/ ?Standardization of terminology translation5 U; T4 `8 a8 {9 K4 i. l# u3 j7 e
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 y- U% Y" F: }
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern$ z2 l$ _* \7 H8 O8 A: {% l! ^
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
/ U( w$ y- u/ i8 |, o1 I) |' f9 ^from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213 s5 w2 C" F+ _3 D
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% T( |( v5 W2 J- _) p7 r
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9 F. o* V: k: Q0 TINTRODUCTION' @% Y% ~* y4 z
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and9 X: H5 K9 c5 z5 M( h
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
. D4 z9 \' Z# F: ^4 H: sDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
6 U9 y2 b$ R! YHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
3 I3 k, [! t8 t% w, W8 v$ r _1 QSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed. D% L, b4 A, W6 Y% X: d4 W
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
3 @# Z) {# C% n) m/ v ?9 oan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
2 E+ y6 w' W8 }1 A5 r$ u) Mhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
& _* O# k* @/ [+ e3 D& ?1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific" F# ^7 b7 R# _: B2 @
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
9 }! K2 X) u; A5 g7 RFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.) H6 P; f) ]( }, Z) _
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated& b% r) c& V4 l& q" Q' b/ e$ z
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
# w' U/ o v4 ]/ Rwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,7 f+ R* W( t# j J( ~; Z% S
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,' ^3 L+ v' z" p$ Y) ^' x
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western% N. o. t" h* |. c
books that made him the most productive one among the4 ? T4 F4 x4 v1 a
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer, p2 r( Y; U: ^5 C* `( b ^
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a, f8 W9 J8 n! H- K. `* L1 o( C
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
. W8 W. G. k' b$ f0 }- W `9 Wpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).$ V( c& `1 |- o+ F# ~
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
% E; D5 P% s/ w8 e# ualso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western1 V; ?/ Q' o8 J ?( Q) T$ Z
science and the standardization of translated scientific% o6 p8 F9 F$ j; ^, K$ z( ?
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
F* j1 d/ K7 K! Wmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
, ?) S! `: V& T2 |" C [0 L _establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
% G( a; K$ H* O" H0 i; [( Scontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
" u! f8 G. [/ \; [4 Uof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in! ], k; j$ k; m/ @. I7 m
Modern China.
$ b# S/ F4 b% M8 x8 mAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published# ?# i/ l& J9 ^" B# D
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
0 ^% R8 O" }7 Z2 w5 Ttravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing: T, O7 O. {# {8 M5 t$ D$ E
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In( T. k% Y0 s# A O% s) k
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and5 o$ L4 r2 t/ L+ |
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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