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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ! ]- I9 B, g0 p0 j* @
1 g# V& h1 D' D+ e& f6 x" {http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688& u8 |% x+ R* T- ]5 m3 e
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, N8 g3 {" _9 [9 CYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, Y0 V& B: c5 |- C3 `
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.; T' U( N, a' [' R' Y
3 I+ j( P! v8 |LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" D2 R# R3 d3 T( O; [% Q
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
$ s9 v, u5 n" C$ o8 \7 d( O# d
# K4 s% M j1 q# ?3 _, sSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
6 c* P; }! m6 y9 b( H1 EReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
$ J" }1 j& y1 Z+ g JPublished online 26 January 2018) A3 K6 M8 m7 S9 Q
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" D o# n- `6 Q* M5 {& @6 z8 `" v( bAbstract
6 L" ^& K( Q1 y. a N7 ~ qJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
( W1 O2 |! K8 V2 |( C& m' {Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The$ G0 @, `+ N+ o- N% k- D+ Z3 X
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been. a/ ?& `6 C8 N! `
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
3 \ {9 V9 i8 ~& b. F9 h. fonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific! W) k' p, H F3 u( A* j f- W
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
" c* h0 a! k0 c: t R$ v6 E: gto the standardization of the scientific terminology5 \! x6 b) a( m( z7 a% ?
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s- `, v n$ c h( \& v3 H7 l" a& I
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
' |3 {, n$ Y( {and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the. l# H1 q0 E) N( f" n8 J' z
standardization of the scientific terminology translation8 f6 F1 q9 ?7 s8 @8 P: ~
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien5 s) w6 ?; z4 z4 D0 \# |
he established had helped greatly with the popularization# a$ m: h) W8 g
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring% y5 O; @8 J) j& Y2 y, U6 n
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 h, M' H% O# j! m! C/ n
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
0 R6 G& N& C# }8 rthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
. O) f+ A' {# g& Mgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific1 u: S# j' S+ f* q1 M4 R8 Q
terminology.* z, c4 h' T) n8 M* l
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
: [/ }. }6 g: Q7 M( [1 BStandardization of terminology translation4 ]& ^+ d3 t7 e8 O; x# X# B, ]* `
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
+ E( ^) D/ ^/ RStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern1 Q, F, V7 J8 e
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available3 I0 ^ p/ h" L \
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102130 D3 ]/ w3 s1 _5 d
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( w9 E4 Z/ k9 d6 z0 d1 O S6 a7 L
INTRODUCTION
- c' d* s( J; o- G+ NJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
! \, b O( }8 S' f0 |a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# s0 K( T$ K& n8 Q, p! fDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
- {' O+ }: J; x5 v5 IHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of) H3 s/ n4 C6 j3 \+ }
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
3 G, ?2 y$ Z# R E( g5 A. sby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
& r: }# b0 a3 D, i# Y6 N0 Man editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on1 k+ Z$ c, p# h0 g+ t
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-' q0 V k, m& L% r1 O$ X9 E
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ L) y- f5 c3 H& H- W5 B* R0 U5 gworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,$ [% s4 e {. ?/ |2 J3 B7 ^5 F- V5 Y. [
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.5 d9 p! C" F1 e! b1 M7 D- X
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
5 a2 L& N* _( z, Pto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant, S2 o# T6 R( S# V% S+ T
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,0 {% L( U c. J: j6 |% Q
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
1 Y2 G6 J' C( ~2 }2 N! d. H9 @Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
0 P' a1 ?! {- Nbooks that made him the most productive one among the! l3 T3 U- n. }, I, ?- ^5 y
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,/ H4 H( B3 {' o' e
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a. [6 {$ y; e8 |# L
noble work which could help accelerate the process of6 r1 d. P1 Q, L
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
6 x& t# N1 n6 j! cIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
$ |8 a# I( g* `' u4 ?8 valso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western# d5 b2 l& u& g
science and the standardization of translated scientific
4 a7 Z+ b% r& \# hterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific5 v, `8 z. v; j) v1 c3 P
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
2 m5 A3 i% ~; \' z/ u! P( Yestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another0 \/ o+ p- r$ M8 h9 q1 w
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series! ^8 }; W6 A7 D1 _% q
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in1 H3 l+ q6 W0 H* Q
Modern China.
& J8 n+ f0 T! J3 O8 U3 R+ rAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published9 ]9 N# h% u5 i0 f$ }$ F- V
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of+ p, Y7 w& k; M
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing. Y0 Q `) G8 M, \+ W
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
5 { f$ T7 m, S: CJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
1 y4 m7 T1 S& [8 dTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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