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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 # k) a; P2 H0 D Q1 T0 Y( Y
$ U1 J# d; r2 zhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688+ [) H s b1 A* x- i* u
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
3 p! ] W A- t$ f* S8 ZYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; X3 P* @4 s; Z! N- F7 L5 y- YFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
! h8 Z7 }+ \- y1 n( _, B: Y" Q6 f+ e) K0 h2 g- e
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 C$ p: _5 @) `# I2 m) W6 C& W
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China." ^# t" a0 b# [: C& @( \; n
2 p1 t! s: ?. W3 I m% ySupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .& I$ T6 Y* S7 p
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20183 v9 F, c1 ]- @
Published online 26 January 2018, r5 b2 t/ r3 X* \+ m J+ j' K% N
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John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing# S9 I# K( p n; w4 d: |2 z. P! s
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The3 \2 X5 E s& |$ M. s' z. S
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
( a! \4 r% j# tengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
( C* Y- r: `) T3 x7 ^/ S: I+ g3 ronly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
; h# x, m6 L/ P. ^0 eworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly+ T, {& j$ F0 l1 U/ k2 q8 B
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
6 V! S4 c/ C5 B! S6 J* M- o3 W4 _translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s& G F4 d9 A, m) J! q% K$ I
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
- q2 P& I& A( S5 land then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the$ `* E2 L- n2 j0 S' I: O
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
" f- k& O. i+ V5 g6 j! Sin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien! X! e: Z# u! G, n R6 J) a
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
; a$ f% y- K8 ?5 W$ i$ N I: jof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring4 h9 L! K& V+ w! o
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way' V" G0 B8 N1 ]4 h
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
* y; j/ z4 Z7 s: \ ~that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
+ [' n* W& Q( W% H" u+ Qgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
4 S9 l+ [: L# x9 o5 Rterminology.0 h5 t6 D, Q z) z( |. M
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;1 ^# u. D8 B' i
Standardization of terminology translation( B. }. K2 k! ?! r( i; }8 \) C
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
4 C" C+ Q, U8 n) z, B% nStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern1 Z0 e5 `$ C: J2 _6 H5 m$ E
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available5 k- w2 y5 m3 `# W
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 k" w# e1 N0 \4 p# N
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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3 }4 s2 e2 x+ c% |INTRODUCTION1 F5 R7 u3 n/ b0 ?4 t3 N
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and1 N9 H2 K5 o6 Q) b3 D( S
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).% T9 F' s, y, y: U
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
: W! q) {3 u6 ]$ h( SHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of& k4 h/ b% p5 M! G3 [
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
/ c* ^/ h# t. ?9 C* R, Y) R2 O+ t; n6 |by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
3 h& S2 v% f* s) R- A) qan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
* |& _! S2 `. [2 L' U1 @his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
1 O& `+ H( k, m) B$ n$ O( B. d1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 A7 X. y9 }" Q) c' h! tworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
# Q- O" a2 ? R4 \5 A- UFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.6 U( j+ X, k6 J4 r2 ]
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
^$ w9 |/ h. z+ V& Oto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
% U3 W' U; j4 t$ c6 I9 J7 h* X, Twould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,9 r7 Q' _" `! ^1 \! m3 n
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# ?; H. n% T, ^7 m4 W6 [& @" v
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
9 a& [. Y0 X% Z/ m3 d0 w/ tbooks that made him the most productive one among the- {8 W( N, d$ ^$ r
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
2 Q1 M- u1 S/ H+ K) \* d! I( Htranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
" Z" I7 Z6 m$ A8 \, d/ ~noble work which could help accelerate the process of
5 @& M2 f4 S! S! w1 K w1 ?people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).8 S9 J0 g4 [1 l% n- n" V2 j
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer* k. d$ {+ T# A9 S6 N
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western/ O6 l# B4 L) W' {3 Y4 ^! {
science and the standardization of translated scientific
7 ]1 f6 ?5 ]. U. Zterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
6 ~, j* }$ V$ D. Imagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the8 _+ {7 D3 `% b
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another# f% P& ]- m i& e8 y7 i7 u
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series9 l6 r* ~9 b9 @! N Y
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in! D, }: p' r# @1 V
Modern China.1 p# x) ]/ b! U: G8 z! h- R1 |
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
+ m+ X6 r6 R7 C1 s' e AThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of7 F! H8 H& F, q
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing3 e5 G7 J$ F) W
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In! N2 d' Z5 u4 v& W8 ^% ~9 [1 @* `
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and. Y f- t0 j; J% ]( U* S
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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