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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * ]7 B6 D# d# ~9 ~
0 t8 ` u4 v8 U* ]http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106889 l; X# G4 A6 d; ?
" @! @( A7 s8 @4 EJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China& g8 ~6 I, h5 G" F: q! |5 ?
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
! W/ ?9 P) q( F7 fFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.( A2 _3 \& t: s# s5 p- l( M1 t7 G& b8 v
. o" L0 s0 N/ V% C& b
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" @% o: ^# t8 x H+ x8 E
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.3 b& c; J( `8 d7 K, A
5 M" T2 R' n% U, y, v. G. T& C
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .$ \$ f* U }5 U {! o" Y) ] N
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
1 N0 P5 w7 [& Y5 dPublished online 26 January 2018
& C9 e N2 O- x* G# n9 z
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- R0 b8 K7 O. F! LAbstract' a& _6 w+ o6 n6 x6 C* w
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
S, q) W- N4 o1 u, H9 F& qDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
% z& a& u, s* B; s- fTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been1 Q6 K5 A' S: G- N
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not. q$ M, s0 s% A. v' T
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% x+ \% y; `) c7 f/ p- Kworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly3 `& f. U1 L+ K h z* ] s1 r! }. c
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
0 D* T2 ?! f( l, [/ c( Z, P. B' @translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
( g# _! m6 \$ _6 L8 f0 \6 g3 u8 U7 E9 escientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
2 a9 G0 M0 m) u3 k0 Z) C2 ]and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the8 o! A8 e( e% c, l! p( h
standardization of the scientific terminology translation. F) l. p! p1 k; ?/ E4 n# V. L
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
/ _2 p! d' {! T8 K0 j" G2 @he established had helped greatly with the popularization+ r0 q7 U, U- ^8 x* J
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
: q" z3 q) g' Y/ n5 ]3 D+ Uthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
; `+ n; c& v+ r# N4 Z$ Lfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
) B9 w O1 {5 k. r% q$ R8 dthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
( ~+ ]! k8 l8 R* mgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
' a4 U% A: n7 A) x1 ]terminology." l6 U9 H! y4 x
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;, N' C- L7 J: P7 C3 B
Standardization of terminology translation
) p) V! s" m+ M& W( M! {$ zYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
) v# I; v6 I5 V. L7 k; c# b7 c1 fStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
8 Z' T$ v9 H- jChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
; d- S. V8 H8 a& bfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213, `0 y6 `9 g. p% z* i1 J y% V7 \
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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- x5 L/ J# a4 i% GINTRODUCTION( k5 E, Q- f& j* T! h
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
5 Y8 [; y1 w9 Pa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# Q# z# |" O. W: U+ lDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to9 o, p( K, g3 d
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
9 A+ _$ O: i& r3 jSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed' M2 _' n- f8 P# z6 A
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
; b8 Z5 P# Y" i3 ~an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on/ D" O0 K3 c3 W& @3 S
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
0 `2 u4 u( Y. Z* Y1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ z6 T# X) _, Y8 p* Gworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
, X! n9 f `4 w& iFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
, T4 n* i( v7 z* nNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated& a9 b. a7 P; E8 o% X. p, t* v9 _) |$ T
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
4 Y3 M/ M( ]- u/ d5 ^% E& `would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
( E6 J. s: g1 F9 Wrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,5 w. _% c4 V6 e
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' y; C$ o5 w* J" H1 N# C M4 mbooks that made him the most productive one among the
" I4 B' A1 A, v+ D% hforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
3 f# e7 q; |" M9 X* o- I: }translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
0 [- e$ [( o4 w, n) [, A9 ^- g8 g) Rnoble work which could help accelerate the process of6 E5 n/ \1 f* Z$ A1 {- m
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
! t5 M# y# c, T% LIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer$ z9 I' e: @. R% l; K
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
/ T3 V5 A M( L+ {science and the standardization of translated scientific
f; A; ]( v/ F! ~terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific1 i" B/ }: O" V4 N! M( a( }
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
( u9 R( B) u6 m' V9 v1 nestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
6 \0 W: c1 [$ f2 T# econtribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series) t8 s2 \ Y0 G' N
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in& a, b c4 O% H- {" [
Modern China.
3 p- h( ~0 ?5 ^% C( W1 PAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
$ r. [* C$ O8 MThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
1 M `1 m' v! Btravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing) _4 B1 [! @3 ^$ ?
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In1 ?* d q( D1 |3 N+ v. c
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and8 N" B; g8 S5 v( N- ~! c4 q" v/ J
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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