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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ' ]: N6 N' U0 y. v( M
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688% h/ F9 _* J" B6 d
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China* {, {7 c7 T3 c
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; d' _1 F: l6 a3 q, e/ H9 sFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
% ?0 S) q C& y& I7 f
0 h6 `( Y7 e7 H0 ^% k& FLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ a) Y3 z$ r) y, r" a mFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
7 m6 l/ w9 G- O3 }, h0 G
" D @. J' ?4 R- G$ Y1 f2 SSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .( k' [$ n8 m* B# G) W
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
) L+ {" N7 M' _. q+ pPublished online 26 January 20185 f4 C \+ U- L6 \/ |/ X2 f
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Abstract
w# \2 G; f& bJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
! A' [' Q$ X& }, qDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
3 p2 T; |, q" ]' BTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
- p: ^4 s& f! k, w2 z8 \' lengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
+ z2 ^; E4 B4 M8 y4 t: `only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ D$ i I; R X0 M% I! Jworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly6 A) o5 K" U- e3 t @) y
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
1 c* Z- C2 L6 N' I0 Dtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
# l8 X- h0 ^9 l2 }0 `% K2 ?scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,3 B9 J3 V5 p- {
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
7 b( b; A" o; b/ Tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation1 ]( }6 {9 R- @( y2 h
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien4 O3 i0 B' E- I& X
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
7 h8 t' k( x) [0 A; Z6 `1 P3 \0 Aof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring$ V) K: Q. i. i1 k; H* j8 F
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
2 N" E/ {* Y$ P! Gfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
- F: @7 L5 c/ fthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
7 \, g+ w7 P9 O1 O) Ngreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ ]. ^8 f N3 B( D0 ?terminology.
. h4 A4 B! `2 U5 `+ KKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation; ?! w- U- t5 M& l# d6 p) O2 a; t
Standardization of terminology translation
4 }+ a# `3 ?1 z& i/ |6 x+ s0 hYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
$ R- ]& E; i; s6 v G/ V. nStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
2 G7 M7 `( Q. y! }China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
+ V4 V; \2 N2 B4 k1 `2 {from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
1 L$ F. U1 P$ j! nDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213, }; a T/ M8 |. \. s
' Z& p0 N2 l2 U* G. ]* Y/ @
3 @. f$ D9 i1 s# M3 x jINTRODUCTION
# D1 h6 J: j( D8 q8 U( tJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
+ m+ q; \/ k( ~8 N3 M5 Ua great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).% k& L# M- R6 I8 p
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to2 z3 h3 l* T' ? e m6 K; ]/ k, S
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
! t4 k' R- j& @$ u; c4 a TSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed4 w0 m' ]" G9 u! E5 B
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as9 M) q/ J) w" S- j6 i% k. ]
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
x4 A( Z# ~8 o/ h' E" Xhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-1 v5 T. ~& i I% ^$ N. y; A$ d$ E5 \
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific: k: t0 Q( L i v1 E
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
8 N, O# d* l; D: ~ k. MFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- _9 A- U3 i' L. H: d9 a. O4 a. zNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
6 L# Q, k4 Q3 l+ n" _: z9 Wto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant) l6 O2 J+ p" K \
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
0 O# o, w' c, o+ R8 D. i s" {revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,9 J& r- w+ g, n1 {9 [
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' r' B6 W- G3 c" Dbooks that made him the most productive one among the
* I) Y' R# S3 ]foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
3 f6 O6 d% V) d$ W- Wtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
- j3 _( K. J: M4 Anoble work which could help accelerate the process of2 O8 a# u9 _3 `" W
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
- w/ P, h3 B- G* u2 sIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer4 v4 E, H- Q$ k. }. ~/ _' e
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
* l% v: @9 a3 i+ H8 Q9 cscience and the standardization of translated scientific
' v0 x( x9 i. ~* F8 yterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific3 M( |! ~1 T8 g
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& o9 G+ R4 Z1 `8 I$ |5 I
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
3 F0 P. _3 F8 w/ S2 ^" Wcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
0 v' R; q" h; h4 ?: s& R7 H' Gof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in5 p$ ~; {6 Z2 I" V3 a0 j
Modern China.6 w& h0 i4 r" E: C3 O) t
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published8 x9 u& k5 b% x5 {- a& E! N2 c
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of* k8 g4 w8 W' Z& N
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
+ F/ J- g9 G) Z5 @8 ~a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
' V3 u# B! w6 s$ ^! K3 v4 lJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and" f1 U7 A% u. C% z# d7 j0 E
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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