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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * D: n" `9 |& F) v) X
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688/ @8 V; E, M5 K2 @! C1 x6 A: ]1 s" V
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
6 [5 D% K c5 j) S. O3 o+ e) x0 fYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
2 }' q. X. y8 |, D* j0 O! A* L5 ~Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 z& }) V+ K/ Y }
2 R7 [& |; H( z# R. [5 Q
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 i# j; Z& _6 s! b
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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7 O: [ c$ N+ NSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
. E3 j( ^' ], i' I4 PReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20182 g. n* @" h) W7 F1 I; B" R
Published online 26 January 2018
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7 g5 W% t# y" n, dAbstract
; \9 i- a7 h- A3 N3 u7 v- MJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing& g: O5 Z4 Z1 ^# v
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
0 h: z1 J6 L& l$ XTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been. o8 y( b Q( K; v. \+ W
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
' _7 i. _/ A0 ~- Q/ ^. Sonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
7 o- V( ~! ^4 xworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
/ ~9 e6 Y4 f2 W- s7 ito the standardization of the scientific terminology4 n' b! s6 L- \: B) ]( q1 Q! E
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
4 T5 |8 x* V1 ]$ A" j# Wscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,! s5 _/ U# Y' Z0 a* W6 r# [
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the+ Y7 X% ]) ~: M, p$ q6 V
standardization of the scientific terminology translation6 K. i7 v1 _8 O! L2 H$ D
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
: M0 W/ j0 \+ ~8 O3 x5 Qhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
1 U2 h; Q# D. ?8 }, Yof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
5 l( M# |0 ?6 |; y/ L) Rthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
" E3 w* e' l% ^; e6 tfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and' \% @0 }! A. _2 J! L
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
) H5 q5 N7 t' H, M# _ X4 J" Ogreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific/ t& {( d+ L$ D$ e
terminology. C* e3 i( r3 ]0 I
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
- O( C) r3 Y! J2 e( ]' S2 TStandardization of terminology translation
1 p* J+ A" f$ e5 x0 Z/ dYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
. I' ~8 y6 G7 v- Q6 HStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern- c: a" [1 ^4 n3 `
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
* O( T( b" n( Q# Y) N9 R( }" ^from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
' L3 I+ c9 Q3 i2 ADOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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5 `. g% q7 I5 x+ V* Y3 VINTRODUCTION
" i" l- L7 b* d0 H2 |$ qJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
1 ~/ v+ @9 b$ o. Va great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).5 g2 |! }' x! V/ c
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
- \ m0 D0 P% P! |1 OHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 L2 c6 } }: ^: P& D! GSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed X) x" ^4 p, Q* N! f6 k
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
. m1 M$ N/ W0 y# B2 i$ ^) ian editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
. X1 Y! m9 P# f1 a% dhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
" r3 v6 E5 a& L' b z/ E7 |1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
) v( t r y6 i9 lworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
3 T5 {' i; s4 J5 w7 m# m+ vFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
$ A; W! T7 E8 v3 ^/ FNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 }0 R L5 e4 _4 R% D! b
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant6 m0 E" D; f. V/ Z
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,2 k/ t7 {! R! ^6 z$ I7 Q
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,3 X9 n4 ?" d) I& m9 ^; h) C ^
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western. u5 ^, ]: ~2 L {% Z8 y& @: i
books that made him the most productive one among the
# B6 G+ {7 p$ I1 H4 T) ~foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
% _ A6 r* |4 Z# t q# Ktranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
! T" @7 @* \! \& Znoble work which could help accelerate the process of* M( u' R0 Q: s3 m3 t* ^& D. o
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).# |5 L% z _( \' ~$ S0 ~
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer9 @7 x- R* i1 j9 ~6 e B
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
2 @- [8 @" y+ S: T% Cscience and the standardization of translated scientific$ e& |5 _3 U2 S
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
5 W, W- t1 m. @ O9 Q5 j: b% s) Vmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
" _! ]- X' R8 westablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another- ~/ `6 _6 x: k9 [, Z- K! O
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series) B- l4 X+ g. ^/ b/ o+ Z2 [
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in$ J) l [0 C2 Q5 Z1 g0 E1 f
Modern China.
+ W9 o1 M1 e5 ?( Y ^/ f$ bAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published2 Y1 n* [4 F& @# L4 @2 |
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of. q8 p+ l; o- n7 b# r6 |
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing+ }# b/ M r! {
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ @8 Q4 D, Y* H- ~* ?
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and5 \1 y6 \5 V6 D+ ~% y# m; {) t( Z
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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